Deck 5: Degenerative Joint Diseases and Bone Pathologies

Question 1

Advice for a person with osteoarthrosis (OA)of the knee includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Use a cane to prevent a limp because a limp could place stress on other joints.
B) Avoid exercising every day,and do so every other day instead.
C) If the knee swells,elevate the leg for 15 minutes,three times a day.
D) Avoid prolonged standing in one position.

Answer 1

Avoid exercising every day,and do so every other day instead.

Question 2

Heberden's nodes and Bouchard's nodes are characteristic of:

A) ankylosing spondylitis.
B) gout.
C) Lyme disease.
D) osteoarthrosis (OA)

Answer 2

osteoarthrosis (OA)

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding spondylolysis is INCORRECT?

A) It involves a defect in the pars interarticularis of the vertebrae of the lumbar spine.
B) It usually occurs in the upper lumbar vertebrae.
C) It may be caused by repeated microtrauma to the pars interarticularis,which causes a stress fracture.
D) Clinical symptoms may be absent.

Answer 3

It usually occurs in the upper lumbar vertebrae.

Question 4

People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)and autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)can develop arthritic symptoms.

Question 5

Unicondylar knee resurfacing is a surgery in which one side of the internal surface of the knee is replaced and is an alternative to a total knee arthroplasty.

Question 6

A deformity of the knees in which the knees become "knock-kneed" is called:

A) genu valgus.
B) genu varus.
C) equino valgus.
D) equino varus.

Question 7

An example of a benign tumor of bone is a Ewing's sarcoma.

Question 8

Osteochondromas,also called exostoses,are the most common benign tumors of bone in children and are usually located in the distal femur.

Question 9

The clinical picture of a person with spondylosis includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) headaches,neck ache,and shoulder and arm pain may occur in people with cervical spondylosis.
B) lipping of the vertebral bodies with reduced space between the vertebral bodies and osteophytes around the margins of the apophyseal joints of the spine may occur.
C) pain is rarely a factor for people with spondylosis.
D) altered sensation and paresthesias along the involved dermatome may occur.

Question 10

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH),also known as congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH),is a genetic condition in which the head of the femur dislocates from the acetabulum of the pelvis.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A) If DDH is not diagnosed,shortening of the affected leg may occur as a result of hip dislocation,and the gait pattern will be affected.
B) The key to a good outcome with DDH is early diagnosis and intervention.
C) The usual treatment for infants with DDH is a double hip spica cast or splint for several months with the hips maintained in an abducted position.
D) DDH is more prevalent in males than females.

Question 11

The clinical picture of osteoarthrosis (OA)includes all the following EXCEPT:

A) joint crepitus.
B) reduced range of motion.
C) morning stiffness that lasts several hours.
D) stiffness of joints after inactivity that improves with movement.

Question 12

A disease resulting in inflammation of the bone caused by an infection is:

A) tuberculosis.
B) osteoarthritis.
C) osteomyelitis.
D) osteomalacia.

Question 13

Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans by two types of deer tick.Which of the following statements regarding Lyme disease is FALSE?

A) Initial characteristics of the disease may include flu-like symptoms with fever,chills,and fatigue.
B) A skin rash,known as a "bull's-eye rash," may appear.
C) The long-term effects of Lyme disease may include a form of arthritis if the disease remains untreated or undiagnosed.
D) The disease is treated with a short-term course of antibiotics/antimicrobial medications.

Question 14

Gout is commonly classified as a type of crystal arthritis.Which of the following statements about gout is INCORRECT?

A) All people with gout have high blood pressure and are obese.
B) Most people with gout have a high level of uric acid in the blood.
C) Skin lumps called tophi may occur close to joints,especially at the hands,elbow,and knee.
D) Most cases of gout start in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe.

Question 15

Osteomas,osteoid osteomas,and osteoblastomas are all examples of malignant bone tumors.

Question 16

Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for a person with hemophilic arthritis of the knee?

A) High-impact aerobic exercises to improve general cardiac fitness
B) An exercise program using high weights and low repetitions for quadriceps and hamstrings
C) A walking program to increase aerobic activity and improve muscle endurance
D) A running program to increase aerobic activity

Question 17

Which of the following signs and symptoms is NOT indicative of osteoarthrosis (OA)?

A) Cartilage fibrillation
B) Eburnation of bone ends
C) Osteophytes
D) Swan-neck deformity of the fingers

Question 18

Tuberculosis (TB)is usually thought of as a disease affecting the lungs.However,people with severe TB can experience joint problems similar to those who have arthritis.Which of the following statements concerning TB is FALSE?

A) The bony areas most affected by TB are the spine and the long bones,particularly at the knee and hip.
B) Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is spread to the bones via the vascular system or from adjacent lymph nodes.
C) People with TB of the bone may require surgery for the joints.
D) Pott's disease is another name for TB that affects the internal organs other than the lungs.

Question 19

Several precautions exist for people who have a total hip arthroplasty.Which instruction should you AVOID giving to a patient after this surgery?

A) Do not flex the hip beyond 90 degrees.
B) Do not cross the affected leg beyond midline.
C) Do sit in a low,soft chair for comfort.
D) Do not bend over to pick something up off the floor.

Question 20

Osteoporosis is a silent disease in the early stages and is the cause of fracture in approximately 1.5 million people per year.When working with a person who has osteoporosis,which of the following actions is NOT appropriate?

A) Recommending the person stop smoking because smoking increases the risk of osteoporosis
B) Explaining that only women and men older than the age of 70 experience fractures from osteoporosis
C) Stressing that spinal flexion exercises are contraindicated for people with osteoporosis
D) Emphasizing that lumbar traction and spinal mobilizations are contraindicated for people with osteoporosis