Deck 12: The Ankle and Foot Complex

Question 1

During supination at the subtalar joint,the axes of the transverse tarsal (midtarsal)joints become ____________________,resulting in greater ________________of the foot during gait.

A) parallel,mobility
B) convergent,mobility
C) parallel,stability
D) convergent,stability

Answer 1

D

Question 2

You observe that your patient has excessive flattening of the medial longitudinal arch.You hypothesize that the excessive flattening is due to excessive lengthening of the ligaments that support the medial longitudinal arch.Which of the following structures would be excessively lengthened?

A) Spring ligament
B) Posterior talofibular ligament
C) Cervical ligament
D) Calcaneofibular ligament

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Due to triplanar motion,which motion occurs at the talus with talocrual dorsiflexion?

A) Abduction
B) Adduction
C) Inversion
D) Eversion

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following combinations of ligaments makes up the primary ligamentous support of the medial longitudinal arch?

A) Short plantar ligament,cervical ligament,and long plantar ligament
B) Short plantar ligament,spring ligament,and long plantar ligament
C) Spring ligament,bifurcate ligament,and long plantar ligament
D) Short plantar ligament,bifurcate ligament,and cervical ligament

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the windlass mechanism of the plantar aponeuroses (fascia)?

A) Passive flexion of the big toe causes the medial longitudinal arch to elevate.
B) Tension on the lateral calcaneus causes the lateral longitudinal arch to elevate.
C) Passive extension of the big toe causes the medial longitudinal arch to elevate.
D) Tension causes the axes of the midtarsal joints to become more parallel at push-off.

Question 6

Identify the proximal and distal articular surfaces that compose the ankle (talocrural)joint.What is the joint classification?

Question 7

What is the close-packed position for the subtalar joint? Which motion of the tibia will lock the subtalar joint?

Question 8

Your patient demonstrates decreased open chain pronation at the subtalar joint.Which of the following would be limited?

A) Eversion of the calcaneus on the talus
B) Adduction of the calcaneus on the talus
C) Plantarflexion of the calcaneus on the talus
D) Both A and C are correct.

Question 9

Your patient injured his ankle when landing with his foot and ankle in an inverted and plantarflexed position.A ligament that limits these motions is torn.Which of the following ligaments would most likely be torn with this type of injury?

A) Posterior talofibular ligament
B) Anterior talofibular ligament
C) Superior fibers of the deltoid ligament
D) Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Question 10

Which of the following is a primary function of the foot?

A) The foot serves as a rigid lever to increase efficiency during push-off.
B) In supination,the foot becomes a mobile adapter in order to adapt to changes in the terrain.
C) The foot assists with shock absorption but is not the body's primary shock absorber.
D) The foot absorbs rotation of the lower limb by pronating and supinating.

Question 11

When performing resisted testing of your patient's foot and ankle,you find that pain is reproduced only when resisting a muscle that supports the lateral longitudinal arch.Which of the following muscles would be painful with resisted testing?

A) Flexor hallucis longus
B) Abductor hallucis
C) Posterior tibialis
D) Peroneus longus

Question 12

During closed chain pronation,____________________.

A) the lower limb medially rotates,creating a flexion moment at the knee
B) the lower limb laterally rotates,creating a flexion moment at the knee
C) the lower limb medially rotates,creating an extension moment at the knee
D) the lower limb laterally rotates,creating an extension moment at the knee

Question 13

Your patient was casted and presents with limited plantarflexion range of motion (ROM)at the talocrural joint.What associated movements at the superior tibiofibular joint would you expect to be limited?

A) Cephalic fibular glide and medial rotation
B) Cephalic and posterior fibular glide
C) Caudal fibular glide and lateral rotation
D) Caudal and anterior fibular glide

Question 14

Describe the superior and inferior tibiofibular joints,including classification and their composite function.

Question 15

In standing,when the subtalar joint is in supination,what is happening at the midtarsal joints and the forefoot?

A) The midtarsal joint axes converge,and the forefoot supinates at the tarsometatarsal joints.
B) The midtarsal joint axes become parallel,and the forefoot supinates at the tarsometatarsal joints.
C) The midtarsal joint axes converge,and the forefoot pronates at the tarsometatarsal joints.
D) The midtarsal joint axes become parallel,and the forefoot pronates at the tarsometatarsal joints.

Question 16

When a person supinates during a closed chain activity,the head of the talus dorsiflexes and ________________on the calcaneus while the calcaneus ____________________.

A) adducts,everts
B) abducts,everts
C) adducts,inverts
D) abducts,inverts

Question 17

The transverse tarsal joint is formed by:

A) Talocalcaneal joint and talonavicular joint
B) Talonavicular joint and calcaneocuboid joint
C) Calcaneocuboid joint and tarsometatarsal joint

Question 18

The talocrural joint functions in the motion of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.Due to triplanar motion at this joint,what other motion occurs with dorsiflexion?

A) Abduction
B) Adduction
C) Inversion
D) Eversion

Question 19

Describe the three articular surfaces of the subtalar joint,including the capsular arrangement.

Question 20

Which functions of the foot are best achieved by supination at the foot?

A) Provide an accommodative structure at heel strike.
B) Assist in attenuating impact during early stance.
C) Provide a rigid lever for push-off.
D) Absorb transverse plane rotation of the lower limb.

Question 21

What ligaments contribute to support of the osseoligamentous arch of the foot on either the medial or lateral side?

Question 22

Describe the articulations of the transverse tarsal joint.

Question 23

What is the weight distribution through the various joints from the ankle through the metatarsal heads in unilateral stance?

Question 24

What is the metatarsal break? What function does it serve and when does this function occur?

Question 25

How does pronation twist of the tarsometatarsal (TMT)joints relate to supination of the subtalar joint?

Question 26

What is the function of the tarsometatarsal (TMT)joints in relation to the talocalcaneonavicular and the transverse tarsal (TT)joints?