Deck 5: Consciousness

Question 1

Nathan was a psychologist in the 1930s.Which of the following would best represent his understanding of what happened inside the brain during sleep?

A)Humans pass through five distinct stages of sleep.
B)Humans,unlike animals,experience REM sleep but both experience non-REM sleep.
C)Neurons fire and create the biological underpinnings of dreams and nightmares as we sleep.
D)Nothing interesting happens as humans sleep through the night.

Answer 1

Nothing interesting happens as humans sleep through the night.

Question 2

Which of the following statements might help you determine if an individual has narcolepsy?

A)"I sometimes fall into a deep sleep in the middle of a conversation."
B)"I don't have an adverse reaction to sleeping pills."
C)"I have difficulty getting to sleep."
D)"When I get up in the morning,I have the feeling that I had really bad nightmares."

Answer 2

"I sometimes fall into a deep sleep in the middle of a conversation."

Question 3

Enrico claims that déjà vu is evidence of a memory from one's past life.This claim violates which principle of critical thinking?

A)Falsifiability
B)Parsimony
C)Replicability
D)Ruling out rival hypotheses

Answer 3

Falsifiability

Question 4

In a strange condition called sex sleep,or _____,people engage in sexual acts while asleep and don't remember what occurred after they awaken.

A)nocturnal erotica disorder
B)circadian coitus syndrome
C)erotoslumber
D)sexsomnia

Question 5

Even though sleep research suggests that most college students require approximately _____ hours of sleep nightly,they often get only _____ hours.

A)7; 6
B)9; 6
C)9; 8
D)10; 8

Question 6

The positive effects that have been noted when using hypnosis have been explained in a number of ways.One suggestion is that the relaxed state that accompanies a "hypnotic trance" is uniquely responsible for all of the effects.This reminds us of which principle of critical thinking from your book?

A)Replicability
B)Ruling out rival hypotheses
C)Correlation vs.causation
D)Falsifiability

Question 7

Which of the following pairs belong together?

A)Marijuana; tetrahydrocannabinol
B)Marijuana; psilocybin
C)Marijuana; acetylcholine
D)MDMA; acetylcholine

Question 8

A client tells his therapist about a dream in which he drives his wife to the airport where she boards a plane.As the plane takes off,he is smiling.The therapist says the dream suggests a desire for a divorce.The therapist's interpretation represents what Sigmund Freud called the dream's _____.

A)deep content
B)latent content
C)manifest content
D)subliminal content

Question 9

Which of the following drugs is categorized as a depressant?

A)Cocaine
B)LSD
C)Alcohol
D)Marijuana

Question 10

The treatment for _____ usually involves wearing a masklike device that forces air into the lungs during sleep.

A)narcolepsy
B)night terrors
C)somnambulism
D)sleep apnea