Deck 8: Social Change

Question 1

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP), a corporate trade association, mobilized its resources to oppose what public issue, according to Walker?

A) the government providing pharmaceutical drugs to the elderly who are served by Medicare
B) social security, especially for people who are disabled and can no longer work
C) collective bargaining by public employees, including teachers, firefighters, and police
D) federal legislation to reform access to health care

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
One reason that corporations devote money and attention to building what appears to be a public demonstration or movement in support of their interests is that:

A) corporations have few "natural members" who might otherwise mobilize in support of their interests, in contrast, for instance, to the broad range of citizens who oppose hunting and killing dolphins or whales or who worry about catastrophic accidents at nuclear power sites
B) typical activities like lobbying and making campaign contributions may not be enough to sway legislators to support their position on an issue or proposed legislation
C) it helps build public opinion favorable to their point of view
D) citizens protesting on their behalf gives corporate interests a human face that is otherwise hard to associate with impersonal, large corporations
E) All of the above are reasons corporations help to organize movements that promote their interests
49) The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN

Answer 2

A

Question 3

ااJob on the Line WILLIAM M. ADLER
Probably the strongest conclusion to be drawn from Adler's essay is that:

A) global competition without regulation leads to a search for the cheapest possible workforce
B) without effective birth control, women can never have real control over their lives
C) the North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has had an enormous, positive effect on the lives of workers in the U.S. and around the world
D) strong communities begin with strong economies
E) job motivation and commitment is built on more than a fat paycheck
47) Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO

Answer 3

A

Question 4

ااJob on the Line WILLIAM M. ADLER
The case studies in "Job on the Line" involve two:

A) companies that make a similar product but have very different employment practices
B) women who worked at the same job for the same firm, one in New Jersey and one in Mexico
C) labor unions; the Teamsters who have organized food process workers, and the Service Workers Union that has organized police and firefighters
D) airlines; one in Europe and one in the United States, and the way their employees were involved in running and owning stock in the firms
E) brothers who worked at the same job, but for different companies

Question 5

Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO
Pardo emphasizes how involvement in Mothers of East Los Angeles:

A) contributed to the greater educational success of all the children in the community
B) weakened family ties, marital bonds, and traditional values, leading to a higher divorce rate
C) transformed women's personal identities and their ideas about "mothering"
D) became a path for the women in the community to procure better jobs and move out of their poor neighborhoods
48) Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER

Question 6

Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO
The group Mothers of East Los Angeles initially formed in response to:

A) a series of drunk driving accidents in which children were killed
B) plans to build a prison in or near their community
C) statistics showing a high level of cancer among children of school age
D) low educational achievement scores, high dropout rates, and high youth unemployment in their community

Question 7

ااJob on the Line WILLIAM M. ADLER
MegnaTek moved its operation to an area with low taxes and few labor and environmental regulations. Such an area is called a(n):

A) metropole
B) industrial park
C) fair-trade zone
D) maquilador
E) collateral enclave

Question 8

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
Edward Walker's "Industry-Driven Activism" describes the sociological phenomenon of:

A) deviant behavior
B) corporate organization
C) entrepreneurial innovation
D) social movements
E) the military-industrial complex

Question 9

The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN
Bill McKibbin's essay explains how:

A) meals high in starches and carbohydrates reduce life expectancy
B) the political policies of Castro's Cuba are hard for even friendly countries to accept
C) economic hardships in Cuba required the country to grow food in a more traditional way
D) active lifestyles and exercise cannot compensate for overeating
E) beans and rice are effective protein complements

Question 10

A More Perfect Union BARACK OBAMA
In response to some controversial statements made by his pastor, Jeremiah Wright, which were aired for many weeks on television and YouTube, Obama, in this speech:

A) used the brouhaha as an opportunity to explain why blacks often feel the way Reverend Wright described, along with an explanation of why whites feel aggrieved as well
B) publicly broke with the pastor and promised never again to have anything to do with him or his church
C) denied Reverend Wright was his pastor and friend
D) took Reverend Wright's side in the controversy, and argued that people misunderstood what the Reverend was saying

Question 11

Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO
According to Pardo, Mothers of East Los Angeles drew its motivation from:

A) the women's traditional role behavior-as protectors and supporters of their children, especially in the area of education
B) frustration with their husbands' abdication of responsibility and leadership
C) group members' experiences working with skilled professional political lobbyists
D) the difficulty of dealing with the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service

Question 12

Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO
Mothers of East Los Angeles was composed predominately of:

A) Mexican Americans
B) African Americans
C) working-class and poor whites
D) immigrants from Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and the Philippines

Question 13

ااJob on the Line WILLIAM M. ADLER
Adler's essay is about:

A) a labor dispute pitting experienced workers against employers who want to hire less experienced replacement workers
B) Wall Street's "merger mania" and the loss of middle management jobs when companies merge
C) the movement of jobs from the United States to poorer countries where labor costs and taxes are lower and environmental regulations are weaker
D) factory workers who assemble high-tech components for digital communications products
E) efforts by conservative state legislatures to weaken or dissolve public employees' unions

Question 14

ااJob on the Line WILLIAM M. ADLER
MegnaTek, discussed in "Job on the Line," prefers to hire:

A) college graduates who score high on the motivation tests given to all job applicants
B) young women in their teens and early twenties with few formal job skills
C) people with a past record of crime and drug abuse who are committed to a new life and are willing to endure harsh conditions to prove themselves
D) Asian American women and female immigrants from Asian countries

Question 15

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
Corporations draw on which mobilizing strategy to create what appear to be citizen-based social movements, drawing attention to government actions that threaten their corporate operations and profits?

A) information dissemination to their clients and customers about the government's intentions
B) helping their employees devote time and effort to oppose the government's actions
C) creating and funding organizations that sound like spontaneously formed citizens' groups, in order to carry out activities in opposition to government action
D) create and pay for advocacy advertising that expresses their point of view and concerns
E) All of the above are strategies used by corporations, as discussed byWalker

Question 16

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
Walker reveals how:

A) citizens are increasingly recognizing that corporations have created many of the problems they face, and beginning to mobilize to oppose corporate actions
B) corporations are able to make citizen participation in a social movement less costly by paying many of the expenses and taking care of planning and organizational details
C) corporations are increasingly using their resources to support causes that benefit the people around the world who are most in need of health, security, education, jobs, and freedom
D) nonprofit organizations learn how to operate more effectively by adopting business practices

Question 17

Industry-Driven Activism EDWARD WALKER
What term describes a social movement that appears to originate with the grievances and efforts of citizens but is, in fact, financed and facilitated by corporations in order to elicit consumer participation?

A) publicly surreptitious
B) dysfunctional
C) dialectical
D) astroturf, or top-down
E) grassroots, or bottom-up

Question 18

A More Perfect Union BARACK OBAMA
Obama wrote, "A More Perfect Union" when:
A) he was running for the office of president of the United States
B) he returned to Chicago after getting a law degree at Harvard
C) he was in high school in Hawaii
D) he was writing his first book, Dreams from My Father; it is an excerpt from that book
When Obama discusses the current racial situation in the U.S., he:

A) describes the anger often felt by both blacks and whites
B) claims that we are now in a "racial stalemate"
C) argues that society can change, and that he believes that young people are open to change
D) characterizes himself as an unconventional candidate, having a white mother and black father
E) All of the above are part of Obama's discussion of the current racial situation in the U.S.

Question 19

A More Perfect Union BARACK OBAMA
The theme of Barack Obama's speech, "A More Perfect Union," is that:

A) racism and discrimination continue to make life difficult for members of minorities, and so affirmative action that favors them is necessary
B) government programs are the best way to solve the collective problems of a society
C) American society is now open to change in ways that can solve many long-standing issues
D) the United States is now part of the globalized economic system, and so it should accept a weaker version of itself in favor of forming alliances and partnerships with nations around the world

Question 20

Grassroots Activism: Mothers of East Los Angeles MARY PARDO
According to Pardo, minority neighborhoods and communities are more likely to be:

A) eligible for education grants and funding to build schools
B) crime-ridden and sites where illegal activities proliferate
C) located near toxic waste dumps and hazardous waste landfills
D) highly intolerant of the dominant group in U.S. society-i.e., whites of European origin

Question 21

The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN
McKibbin concludes that:

A) wealthy countries such as the U.S. may soon produce more of their food the way Cuba does, with urban gardens and other practices of sustainable agriculture
B) hunger in Cuba is the most likely reason that the Castro regime will soon be overthrown
C) overeating and a heavy diet of fast food is less of a problem than most doctors and nutritionists think
D) genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are the best way to solve the world's hunger problem, despite objections by environmentalists and organic food activists

Question 22

The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN
What are the characteristics of "industrial agriculture" and the "Green Revolution," according to McKibbin?

A) heavy use of water and manufactured fertilizer, pesticides, and herbicides to produce a few specific crops that travel long distances to the grocery store
B) processed food, including meat, that barely resembles the plants and flesh from which it is made
C) manufacturing that looks more like organic activities such as planting (a new idea), nurturing (good workmanship), and harvesting (profits), rather than assembly lines and robotics
D) farms owned by young people who want to produce food in a sustainable and organic way

Question 23

The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN
McKibbin points out that social change can be stimulated by:

A) environmental damage caused by global climate change
B) international policies and alliances between nations that may leave some countries at risk when world events shift
C) the unforeseen or latent consequences of scientific innovations
D) social movements working for human rights, democracy, and equality

Question 24

The Cuban Diet BILL McKIBBIN
The food being grown in Cuba is more likely to be:

A) laced with chemicals that have devastating health consequences
B) organic and consumed within the country
C) eaten by animals in order to prepare them for the market
D) exported to rich countries; Cuba imports most of the food its people need