Deck 22: Gait

Question 1

The period of the stance phase when the body is directly over the weight-bearing limb and the vertical displacement of the pelvis is at its highest point is

A) initial contact.
B) loading response.
C) midstance.
D) terminal stance.

Answer 1

midstance.

Question 2

Which muscle group slows down the knee motion in terminal swing and prevents the knee from "snapping" into extension just prior to initial contact?

A) Hip flexors
B) Knee flexors
C) Hip extensors
D) Knee extensors

Answer 2

Knee flexors

Question 3

A difficulty or slowness in initiating gait is characteristic of which of the following conditions?

A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Nonfunctioning gastrocnemius muscle
C) Parkinsonism
D) Muscular dystrophy

Answer 3

Parkinsonism

Question 4

Weakness of the gastrocnemius muscle group can cause a gait best described as

A) rocking horse gait.
B) sore foot limp.
C) foot slap.
D) ataxic gait.

Question 5

A gait pattern characterized by a wide base of support and unsteady movements is called

A) Parkinsonian gait.
B) scissors gait.
C) ataxic gait.
D) antalgic gait.

Question 6

If you are describing a gait abnormality that occurs when the heel leaves the ground but the ball of the foot and toes remain in contact with the ground,you are speaking of which portion of the stance phase?

A) Initial contact
B) Midstance
C) Terminal stance
D) Terminal swing

Question 7

Having paralysis of the ankle dorsiflexors would cause which type of gait?

A) Steppage gait
B) Bell clapper gait
C) Sore foot limp
D) Rocking horse gait

Question 8

A normal width of walking base measured from the midpoint of each heel is

A)( ¹/₂ inch).
B) 1 inch.
C) 3 inches.
D) 6 inches.

Question 9

The term used to describe the distance between heel strike of one limb and heel strike of the other is

A) double support.
B) step length.
C) cadence.
D) single support.

Question 10

A verbal cue that you could give a patient with poor balance to improve their gait safety is

A) increase the cadence.
B) decrease the step length.
C) increase the width of walking base.
D) B and C

Question 11

The term used to describe walking speed is

A) cadence.
B) stride length.
C) gait cycle.
D) period of nonsupport.

Question 12

During the loading response of the stance phase,which muscle group contracts eccentrically to keep the foot from slapping the ground as that extremity accepts the body's weight?

A) Knee extensors
B) Ankle dorsiflexors
C) Ankle plantar flexors
D) Toe flexors

Question 13

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of arm swing in gait?

A) Serves to slow down the lower limbs to maintain balance and control
B) Provides a counterrotation effect to the trunk
C) Helps to propel the lower limbs forward in space
D) None of the above-it is strictly a passive,extraneous activity.

Question 14

The term used to describe the activity that occurs between the time of heel strike of one extremity and the heel strike of that same extremity is

A) double support.
B) stride length.
C) gait cycle.
D) cadence.

Question 15

When pain is present in the leg,which phase of the gait cycle is shortened?

A) Preswing
B) Midswing
C) Swing
D) Stance

Question 16

You measure a person's leg lengths and note that there is a difference of ³/₄ inch.You inform your patient that this is an atypical finding.What would be a typical range for leg length discrepancy?

A) (¹/₈) inch or less
B) (¹/₄) inch or less
C) (¹/₂) inch or less
D) Typical is the legs being exactly the same length

Question 17

You will be working with a patient who has had a stroke.You expect which of the following descriptions to best characterize the typical gait pattern that you will see?

A) Excessive anterior pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis with exaggerated arm swing
B) A shift of the trunk to the affected side with weight-bearing
C) Weight shift to the uninvolved side with circumduction of the involved leg
D) A quick shift posteriorly of the trunk at the moment of heel strike

Question 18

If you note a problem with gait that occurs when the non-weight-bearing limb is directly under the body,you are speaking of which part of the swing phase?

A) Preswing
B) Initial swing
C) Midswing
D) Terminal swing

Question 19

Your patient has a long leg cast on the left leg but is allowed to bear weight while ambulating.During the swing phase,what will you likely see that person do to move that limb forward?

A) Extend the trunk
B) Shift the trunk to the left side during swing phase
C) Circumduct the left hip
D) Flex the knee on the right side

Question 20

Your patient has a tendency to cross the unsupported limb in front of the other during swing phase.This could indicate spasticity of which of the following muscle groups?

A) Hip flexors
B) Hip adductors
C) Knee extensors
D) Ankle plantar flexors

Question 21

Which of the following is true regarding the changes in gait that occur with an elderly person?

A) Increased time in stance phase
B) Shorter step length
C) Decreased vertical displacement
D) All of the above are true regarding gait changes with age.

Question 22

Vertical displacement of the center of gravity is at its lowest at which point in the gait cycle?

A) Midstance
B) Midswing
C) Initial contact
D) Preswing