Deck 4: Hemoglobin Function and Principles of Hemolysis

Question 1

Fetal hemoglobin consists of which of the following chains?

A) 22
B) 22
C) 22
D) 22

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What percentage of hemoglobin is synthesized in the reticulocyte stage?

A) 65%
B) 95%
C) 35%
D) 45%

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Each hemoglobin molecule consists of heme structures.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen delivery to the tissues?

A) Increased pH
B) Increased altitude
C) Increased 2,3-DPG
D) Increased carboxyhemoglobin

Question 5

How many genes are responsible for the productions of alpha chains?

A) Two
B) One
C) Three
D) Four

Question 6

Physiologic conditions in the body that can decrease hemoglobin's oxygen affinity include:

A) Increased pH
B) Decreased 2,3-DPG
C) Increased body temp
D) The presence of abnormal hemoglobins

Question 7

____may be seen in intravascular hemolysis but not in extravascular hemolysis.

A) Hemoglobinuria
B) Splenomegaly
C) Increased LDH
D) Elevated serum bilirubin

Question 8

Abnormal hemoglobins have a lower affinity for oxygen.

Question 9

When iron is present in an oxidized state, as Fe⁺³ or ferric iron, the resulting hemoglobin is known as:

A) Methemoglobin
B) Carboxyhemoglobin
C) Sulfhemoglobin
D) Deoxyhemoglobin

Question 10

Hemoglobin begins to be synthesized at the polychromatophilic stage of red cell development.

Question 11

Which of the following clinical conditions is a definitive sign of intravascular lysis?

A) Bilirubinemia
B) Decreased RBC count
C) Hemoglobinuria
D) Elevated LDH

Question 12

The hemoglobin molecule will either hold onto or release oxygen depending on the:

A) Amount of alpha or beta chains
B) Relationship between the pulmonary and venous circulations
C) Viscosity of the blood
D) M:E ratio

Question 13

Which organ(s) is the most affected during extravascular lysis?

A) Liver and spleen
B) Kidney
C) Pancreas
D) Heart

Question 14

Which of the following abnormal hemoglobins will result in a cyanotic condition?

A) Sulfhemoglobin
B) Cyanmethemoglobin
C) Hemoglobin F
D) Hemoglobin M

Question 15

What is the term used to define the process by which the bone marrow responds to anemia-induced stress?

A) Ineffective erythropoiesis
B) Aplastic anemia
C) Erythroid hyperplasia
D) Medullary erythropoiesis

Question 16

Which of the following is not an embryonic hemoglobin?

A) Hgb Portland
B) Hgb F
C) Hgb Gowers I
D) Hgb Gowers II

Question 17

Intrinsic red cell defects that can lead to hemolysis include:

A) Environmental effects
B) Inherited deficiencies
C) A shift in pH
D) A decrease in G6PD

Question 18

90% of in vivo hemolysis is intravascular.

Question 19

Oxygen delivery is the primary purpose of hemoglobin.

Question 20

Epsilon and zeta chains are part of which of the following hemoglobins?

A) Hemoglobin Portland
B) Hemoglobin F
C) Hemoglobin A
D) Hemoglobin A₂