Deck 7: Head, neck, and Face Disorders

Question 1

A 64-year-old male presents with erythema of the sclera,tearing,and bilateral pruritus of the eyes.The symptoms occur intermittently throughout the year and he has associated clear nasal discharge.Which of the following is most likely because of the inflammation?

A) Bacterium
B) Allergen
C) Virus
D) Fungi

Answer 1

Allergen

Question 2

The nurse practitioner knows that antihistamines work primarily through which of the following mechanisms?

A) Vasodilatation
B) Blocking leukotriene effects
C) Inhibiting histamine receptor sites
D) Vasoconstriction

Answer 2

Inhibiting histamine receptor sites

Question 3

A slightly elevated elastic tissue deposit in the conjunctiva that may extend to the cornea but does not cover it is known as a:

A) Pterygium
B) Pinguecula
C) Xanthelsma
D) Limbal nodule

Answer 3

Pinguecula

Question 4

One of the first-line treatments in patients with allergic rhinitis is the use of nasal corticosteroid sprays.What is the anticipated onset of symptom relief with the use of these medications?

A) Two weeks or more
B) Immediate
C) 1 to 2 days
D) A minimum of one week

Question 5

You have a patient complaining of vertigo and want to know what could be the cause.Knowing there are many causes for vertigo,you question the length of time the sensation lasts.She tells you several hours to days and is accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss.You suspect which of the following conditions?

A) Ménière's disease
B) Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
C) TIA
D) Migraine

Question 6

Cromolyn sodium may also be used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.What is the mechanism of action of this medication?

A) Mast cell stabilization
B) Blocking the effects of IgE
C) Leukotriene inhibition
D) Histamine blockade

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is the leading cause of blindness in the United States?

A) Macular degeneration
B) Diabetic retinopathy
C) Glaucoma
D) Cataracts

Question 8

A gross screening for hearing is the whisper tests.Which cranial nerve is being tested when the nurse practitioner conducts this test?

A) Cranial nerve V
B) Cranial nerve VII
C) Cranial nerve VIII
D) Cranial nerve IV

Question 9

In examining the mouth of an older adult with a history of smoking,the nurse practitioner finds a suspicious oral lesion.The patient has been referred for a biopsy to be sent for pathology.Which is the most common oral precancerous lesion?

A) Fictional keratosis
B) Keratoacanthoma
C) Lichen planus
D) Leukoplakia

Question 10

Patients that have atopic disorders are mediated by the production of IGE will have histamine stimulated as an immediate phase response.This release of histamine results in which of the following?

A) Sinus pain,increased vascular permeability,and bronchodilation
B) Bronchospasm,vascular permeability,and vasodilatation
C) Contraction of smooth muscle,decreased vascular permeability,and vasoconstriction
D) Vasodilatation,bronchodilation,and increased vascular permeability

Question 11

Which of the following maneuvers is used to induce symptoms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo?

A) The Fukuda stepping test
B) The Dix-Hallpike maneuver
C) Forced hyperventilation
D) The head thrust test

Question 12

A nonmodifiable risk factor for the development of cataracts is:

A) Long-term exposure to ultraviolet B radiation
B) High alcohol intake
C) Strong family history
D) Diabetes mellitus

Question 13

Sensory impairment (vision and hearing)in the elderly is associated with:

A) Impaired quality of life
B) Decreased function
C) Increased mortality
D) All of the above

Question 14

Causes of sensorineural hearing loss include:

A) Ototoxicity
B) Ménière's disease
C) Otosclerosis
D) Inner ear fistula

Question 15

Clinical findings in patients with nonproliferation retinopathy include:

A) Cotton wool spots
B) Microaneursyms
C) Deep hemorrhages
D) Neovascularization