Deck 13: Clinical Application of Electrical Agents

Question 1

When applying iontophoresis with lidocaine,in concentrations up to 50 percent,what is the minimum time of application to anesthetize the skin?

A) 5 min
B) 10 min
C) 20 min
D) 30 min

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is an indication for the use of iontophoresis?

A) Reduction of muscle spasm
B) Postsurgical pain
C) Contusions
D) Arthritis

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What type of electrical interference occurs when two electrical currents are in perfect phase,meaning the wavelengths are equal and the phases cross the baseline at the same point?

A) Constructive interference
B) Destructive interference
C) Continuous interference
D) Contiguous interference

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Most effects of electrical stimulation are the direct result of stimulation to what? Select all that apply.

A) Sensory nerves
B) Motor nerves
C) Adipose tissue
D) Fascia
E) Muscle fibers

Question 5

Which of the following are indications for the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation? Select all that apply.

A) Acute pain
B) Increasing local blood flow
C) Postsurgical pain
D) Pain of unknown origin
E) Muscle reeducation

Question 6

The primary purpose of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is to control pain by depolarizing what nerves?

A) Sensory
B) Motor
C) Nociceptive
D) Sensory,motor,or nociceptive

Question 7

What output modulation of interferential stimulation is analogous to the number of cycles per second?

A) Beat frequency
B) Burst duty cycle
C) Interburst interval
D) Premodulation

Question 8

What feature distinguishes microcurrent from other electrical modalities?

A) Microcurrent does not attempt to excite peripheral nerves.
B) Microcurrent only attempts to excite sensory nerves.
C) Microcurrent only attempts to excite motor nerves.
D) Microcurrent only attempts to excite nociceptive nerves.

Question 9

When preparing the patient for a pain-control technique with electrical stimulation,one should ask about caffeine intake.The effectiveness of electrical stimulation on pain control is diminished after how many milligrams of caffeine have been ingested?

A) 200
B) 150
C) 100
D) 50

Question 10

When using a monopolar technique,where is a good area to place the dispersive electrode?

A) Abdomen
B) Thigh
C) Knee
D) Shoulder

Question 11

Which electrotherapy agents are indicated for muscle disuse atrophy? Select all that apply.

A) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
B) High-voltage pulsed stimulation (HVPS)
C) Interferential stimulation (IFS)
D) Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)
E) Microcurrent electrical stimulation

Question 12

"Russian" stimulation is an excellent method for what purpose?

A) Decreasing muscular atrophy
B) Modulating pain
C) Reducing edema
D) Helping superficial wound healing

Question 13

What electrical current frequency will experience the least capacitive skin resistance?

A) 500 Hz
B) 200 Hz
C) 2000 Hz
D) 5000 Hz

Question 14

What are indications for the use of microcurrent electrical stimulation? Select all that apply.

A) Sprain
B) Neuropathies
C) Superficial wound healing
D) Hyperhidrosis
E) Myofascial pain syndrome

Question 15

When attempting to control pain via the gate-control mechanism,what are correct high-voltage pulsed stimulation parameter settings?

A) Motor-level output intensity
B) Pulse frequency of 60 to 100 pps
C) Electrode placement distal to the spinal nerve root origin
D) 50 percent duty cycle

Question 16

Why is neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)able to provide stronger neuromuscular stimulation? Select all that apply.

A) Large amplitude
B) Long phase duration
C) Short phase duration
D) Lower intensities
E) Faster ramping

Question 17

What is a proper indication for use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation?

A) Prevention of joint contractures
B) Acute pain
C) Superficial wound healing
D) Arthritis

Question 18

What electrotherapy agent strictly uses a monophasic current?

A) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
B) High-voltage pulsed stimulation (HVPS)
C) Interferential stimulation (IFS)
D) Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)

Question 19

What iontophoresis medication can be used on a heterotopic ossification?

A) Acetic acid
B) Dexamethasone and lidocaine
C) Lidocaine and epinephrine
D) Dexamethasone

Question 20

When applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS),which protocol provides relief for hours and uses two to four pulses per second?

A) High TENS
B) Low TENS
C) Brief-intense TENS
D) Long-intense TENS