Deck 12: Control of Microbial Growth

Question 1

Why are antibiotics often added to animal feed?

A) to reduce disease transmission among domestic animals
B) to increase the growth rate of domestic animals
C) to reduce the likelihood of drug resistance
D) All of the above are correct.
E) Both "a" and "b" are correct.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

In which of the following situations might a bacteriostatic drug be preferable to a bactericidal drug?

A) when a patient is infected with an unknown pathogen
B) when the patient is immunocompromised
C) when antibiotics are being used prophylactically
D) when an infection is in a well-oxygenated region of the body
E) when Gram-negative bacteria have infected an ordinarily sterile region of the body

Answer 2

E

Question 3

In which of the following situations might a broad spectrum drug be preferable to a narrow spectrum drug?

A) when the patient is infected with an unknown pathogen
B) when the patient is immunocompromised
C) when Gram-negative bacteria have infected an ordinarily sterile region of the body
D) in a well-oxygenated region of the body
E) when the patient is in danger of going into shock from endotoxin poisoning

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How does stopping an antibiotic prescription prematurely contribute to the development of drug resistance?

Question 5

Which of the following would be most appropriate to reduce microorganisms in a wound?

A) an antiseptic
B) a disinfectant
C) UV Radiation
D) alcohol
E) any sterilization technique

Question 6

What is a nosocomial infection?

A) an infection contracted at one's place of work, or at school
B) an infection contracted from an animal
C) an infection contracted from improperly prepared food
D) an infection contracted during a stay in the hospital
E) an infection that a health care worker contracts from a patient

Question 7

In what situations would UV radiation be an appropriate method for microbial control?

Question 8

Sulfa drugs:

A) act by interfering with cell wall synthesis.
B) bind to and interfere with bacterial ribosomes.
C) interfere with bacterial DNA replicaton.
D) interfere with the activity of a bacterial enzyme.
E) disrupt the production of mycolic acids by acid-fast bacteria.

Question 9

If the number of microorganisms must be reduced in a beverage that cannot be subjected to high temperatures, ________ would be an effective control method.

A) pasteurization
B) autoclaving
C) filtration
D) the addition of heavy metals

Question 10

Pasteurization:

A) is a technique used to sterilize liquids.
B) relies on high temperature and high pressure to kill microorganisms.
C) can be considered to be a bacteriotatic control measure.
D) selectively kills thermophiles in liquids.
E) selectively kills mesophiles in liquids.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Selective toxicity is harder to achieve when developing drugs against eukaryotic pathogens than it is against bacteria.
B) Compared to antibiotics, antifungal drugs usually have limited side effects.
C) To date, drug resistance has not been a problem with antimalarial drugs.
D) Drugs against eukaryotic pathogens generally act by interfering with ribosomes.
E) An advantage of most drugs against eukaryotic pathogens is that they tend to be extremely narrow spectrum.

Question 12

Which of the following most accurately describes the activity of acyclovir?

A) It prevents uncoating by viral particles.
B) It is phosphorylated by a viral enzyme, producing a false nucleotide, which is then incorporated into replicating viral DNA.
C) It prevents the release of newly replicated influenza viral particles from an infected cell.
D) It interferes with the activity of the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase.
E) It binds to and inhibits the viral protease enzyme, which cleaves large viral proteins into the smaller proteins needed for viral assembly.

Question 13

What are some of the problems associated with the development of antiviral drugs?