Deck 4: Ethical Foundations of Professional Nursing

Question 1

What is the major benefit of ethics education courses that include both nursing students and medical students?

A)The nursing students learn how difficult medical school is.
B)The medical students learn how difficult nursing school is.
C)It helps bring about better team communication in practice.
D)Both groups learn that medicine is a business,not just a service.

Answer 1

It helps bring about better team communication in practice.

Question 2

The nurse has been caring for a ventilator-dependent patient for several days.The family has made the decision to withdraw ventilatory support.How should the nurse interpret this decision?

A)As active euthanasia
B)As illegal euthanasia
C)As passive euthanasia
D)As alleviation euthanasia

Answer 2

As passive euthanasia

Question 3

To what does the moral principle of beneficence refer?

A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good

Answer 3

Doing good

Question 4

The nurse wishes to participate in educational ethics rounds at the hospital.What is essential in these rounds?

A)The client must give consent.
B)The group must be interdisciplinary.
C)These rounds must be conducted privately.
D)The cases must be hypothetical.

Question 5

How is the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretative Statements most useful for nurses?

A)It gives direction for actions as related to specific cases of ethical dilemma.
B)It gives suggestions for use in cases of general-duty ethical dilemma.
C)It is best used to make suggestions to solve problems in critical situations.
D)It offers general guidelines for the ethical delivery of nursing care.

Question 6

What is the major ethical argument related to allocation of health resources?

A)The question of whether health care is a right or a privilege.
B)How to provide low-cost prescription medication to low-income persons.
C)Whether physician or nurse practitioners provide the most cost-effective care.
D)Whether medication therapy is superior to diet therapy in the control of chronic illness.

Question 7

The nurse who is faced with an ethical dilemma refers to the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretative Statements for guidance.What help can the nurse expect from this document?

A)Specific guidelines for common ethical issues.
B)Some ideas of the ethics of nursing that are negotiable depending upon circumstance.
C)The basis for ethical analyzing and decision making for nurses practicing in the United States.
D)A lengthy description of the need for ethical behavior and decision making in nursing

Question 8

Why are nurses valuable members of ethics committees?

A)They have more time to work on committees than many healthcare providers.
B)Their wages are lower than many disciplines so it is more cost effective.
C)They are direct and to the point and make decisions quickly.
D)They frequently have more contact with clients and families than other disciplines.

Question 9

Which statement about values is correct?

A)Most everyone adopts the same values.
B)Once adopted,values are not changed.
C)Values clarification is associated with personal growth.
D)People must have values identified for them.

Question 10

To what does the moral principle of nonmaleficence refer?

A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good

Question 11

The nurse has a strong personal value system and is concerned that these values may conflict with the values of a newly assigned nursing unit.What should the nurse do? (Select all that apply. )

A)Identify personal values.
B)Be watchful for situations in which there may be a values conflict.
C)Hold personal values in check if it is still possible to provide effective care.
D)Refuse to be transferred to this unit.
E)Discuss the situation with the nursing supervisor.

Question 12

What are the processes for acquiring values?

A)Prescribed by the dominant religion.
B)Formal education and study.
C)Discussions with clergy.
D)Choosing,prizing,and acting.

Question 13

According to Gilligan,which statement is true?

A)Men usually follow the moral development path of nonviolence.
B)Women usually follow the moral development path of equality.
C)Men usually follow the moral development path of fairness.
D)Women usually follow the moral development path of justice.

Question 14

The nurse educator asks the nursing student about the difference in standards between codes of ethics and legal standards.Which response by the student indicates the greatest level of understanding?

A)"Standards in codes of ethics and legal standards are generally the same."
B)"Codes of ethics are much higher standards than legal standards."
C)"Legal standards are much higher than codes of ethics standards."
D)"Codes of ethics are usually higher,and can be no lower,than legal standards."

Question 15

What ethical issues arise from organ donation and transplantation? (Select all that apply. )

A)Allocation of organs.
B)Selling of organs.
C)Advanced consent for donation.
D)Involvement of children as donors.
E)Cloning for the manufacture of organs.

Question 16

Which scenario represents a nurse working at Kohlberg's preconventional stage of moral development?

A)The nurse agrees to work overtime today if he or she can have a weekend shift off.
B)The nurse agrees to work overtime today to gain the approval of the new nursing supervisor.
C)The nurse agrees to work overtime today because the hospital administration has released a rule stating that each nurse must work one overtime shift per month.
D)The nurse agrees to work overtime today because the other nurse who was asked to work the overtime shift needs to attend his or her child's school play.

Question 17

The client has made a difficult decision to refuse treatment for a potentially curable malignancy.The nurse asks the client,"How are you going to tell your spouse about this decision?" What is the nurse attempting to assess?

A)Whether the client has considered all of the treatment options available.
B)Whether the client was able to choose freely among treatment options.
C)Whether the client is prepared to act on the decision.
D)Whether the client feels good about the decision made.

Question 18

What knowledge or skill must the nurse possess to make the best use of the teleologic theory of ethics in decision-making?

A)Ability to predict the outcome of decisions.
B)What the rules are concerning the decision to be made.
C)Ability to see how good character traits impact the decision.
D)What the central caring goal of the decision is.

Question 19

The nurse has a strong personal belief that life begins at conception.Can this nurse legally refuse to assist with an abortion?

A)Yes,but only if there is no health danger to the mother if the abortion is not performed.
B)Yes;most states have conscience clauses or provisions to protect the nurse in this situation.
C)No;if the nurse has willingly taken a job where assisting with an abortion is a possibility,he or she cannot refuse to assist.
D)No;because abortions are considered medical procedures,the nurse is ethically required to assist.

Question 20

What is the framework for nurses to use for decision making in an ethical dilemma?

A)The ANA social policy statement
B)The Bible
C)The ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses
D)The nurse practice act

Question 21

The nurse working at the bedside traditionally participates in which advocacy role? (Select all that apply. )

A)Legal
B)Self
C)Collective
D)Class
E)Citizen

Question 22

Which attribute is necessary for the nurse who wishes to be a client advocate?

A)Restricting work to those areas in which the nurse has expertise and experience.
B)Referring any political action needs to a political action committee.
C)Avoiding conflicts with physicians and healthcare agency administrators.
D)Being assertive in representing the needs of the client and family.

Question 23

What is the focus of client advocacy?

A)The nurse is responsible for the client's health.
B)The nurse should influence the client to make the right decision.
C)The focus is respect for the client's decisions and enhancement of autonomy.
D)Emphasis is on correcting the client's reported weaknesses.

Question 24

To what does the moral principle of fidelity refer?

A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good

Question 25

To what does the moral principle of veracity refer?

A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good

Question 26

The nurse is participating on a committee to address an ethical dilemma.The bioethical decision-making process will be used.In which order should the steps of this process be implemented?

A)Implement the action.
B)Evaluate the action taken.
C)Identify ethical theories and principles.
D)Gather relevant facts related to the issue.
E)Develop alternative actions and project outcomes.