Deck 10: Helping Prosocial Behavior

Question 1

What is the concept that humans engage in prosocial behaviors to fit in to our group's expectations of social behavior

A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Answer 1

social norms

Question 2

What is pure altruism motivated by

A) kinship selection
B) negative state relief
C) social exchange
D) selfless desire to help

Answer 2

selfless desire to help

Question 3

Which naturalist proposed a mathematical equation for when prosocial behaviors are likely to occur

A) Charles Darwin
B) William Hamilton
C) Georges Cuiver
D) Alfred Russel Wallace

Answer 3

William Hamilton

Question 4

According to Hamilton's inequality (assuming everything else is equal) who is Tanesha most likely to help

A) stepfather
B) cousin
C) brother-in-law
D) son

Question 5

Jimmy made a large public donation to the children's hospital, knowing that the press would be good for his business. This is an example of what

A) egotistic altruism
B) pure altruism
C) negative state relief
D) social norms

Question 6

Which one of these prosocial behavior theories is pure altruism

A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Question 7

Sandeep anonymously donated $1000 to the needy family. This is an example of what

A) pure altruism
B) negative state relief
C) social exchange
D) egotistic altruism

Question 8

What is the concept that humans engage in prosocial behaviors to help someone in need

A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Question 9

What is the concept that humans engage in prosocial behaviors to avoid feeling sadness or guilt

A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Question 10

A prehistoric woman exchanged her berries with another woman in return for hides to make clothing. This is an example of what

A) social norms
B) social exchange
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Question 11

According to some evolutionary psychologists, we tend to favor family members because our genetic material will be passed to the next generation through them. What concept is this

A) inclusive fitness
B) social exchange
C) social norms
D) evolutionary perspective

Question 12

What term refers to the evolutionary urge to favor those with closer genetic relatedness

A) kinship selection
B) social norms
C) evolutionary perspective
D) negative state relief

Question 13

What is the best definition of prosocial behavior

A) pure altruism
B) helping others
C) empathy-altruism
D) social exchange

Question 14

Aashi helped her mother quiet her fussy baby sister. This is an example of what

A) prosocial behavior
B) social exchange
C) negative state relief
D) social norms

Question 15

What is the theory that humans engage in prosocial behaviors to help our group survive and have more opportunities to mate

A) social norms
B) social exchange
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism

Question 16

What term refers to the evolution of prosocial trading of resources that strengthens the group

A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) social exchange
D) evolutionary perspective

Question 17

John treated his biological son more favorably than his stepson. This is an example of what

A) kinship selection
B) social norms
C) evolutionary perspective
D) negative state relief

Question 18

Prosocial behaviors motivated only by a selfless desire to help with nothing expected in return is called what

A) egotistic altruism
B) pure altruism
C) negative state relief
D) social exchange

Question 19

Which principle is defined by the probability that our genetic heritage will be preserved in the offspring of relatives

A) kinship selection
B) social norms
C) evolutionary perspective
D) inclusive fitness

Question 20

What sort of prosocial behaviors done in exchange for some kind of benefit

A) pure altruism
B) negative state relief
C) social norms
D) egotistic altruism

Question 21

According to Hamilton's inequality (assuming everything else is equal) in which situation is Shawn most likely to help

A) dropping his sister off at work
B) lending his sister $50
C) taking vacation time to housesit for his sister
D) buying a new refrigerator for his sister

Question 22

According to Hamilton's inequality, when are people least likely to help others

A) When the cost of helping is greater than the benefit.
B) When people are distantly related.
C) When the cost of helping is great.
D) When the benefits of helping are small.

Question 23

Which concept proposes that feelings of compassion for those in need create a purely generous motivation to help

A) egotistic altruism
B) reciprocal altruism
C) negative state relief
D) empathy-altruism

Question 24

Animal charities that show photos of soulful eyed puppies and kittens locked in small cages are attempting to get donations using what

A) the social responsibility norm
B) reciprocal altruism
C) pure altruism
D) negative state relief

Question 25

Dion backpacks all over the world, learning as much as she can about local culture at each stop. Dion is high in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 26

Judaism has a concept called "Tikkun Olam" which means "repair of the world" and posits that we all have a responsibility to perform acts of Tikkun Olam. Which of the following does this idea best reflect

A) negative state relief
B) the social responsibility norm
C) Hamilton's Inequality
D) pure altruism

Question 27

The CEO was willing to do anything to advance his career, even if that meant hurting others. The CEO is likely high in what

A) neuroticism
B) extroversion
C) openness to experience
D) Machiavellianism

Question 28

What type of altruism comes with the expectation that our helpfulness now will be returned in the future

A) pure
B) empathy
C) reciprocal
D) egotistic

Question 29

What is the concept that each individual has a duty to improve the world by helping those in need

A) the social responsibility norm
B) negative state relief
C) Hamilton's Inequality
D) pure altruism

Question 30

Dava worries most of the time and is irritable over small things. Dava is high in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 31

Sophia prefers to stick to her routine. She always eats oatmeal for breakfast and is always in bed by 10. Sophia is low in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 32

Charity advertisements that show footage of starving children in war-torn countries are trying to get donations using what concept

A) the social responsibility norm
B) reciprocal altruism
C) negative state relief
D) pure altruism

Question 33

In Captain America, Steve Rogers displays what type of altruism when he jumps on the grenade to save everyone else

A) pure
B) egotistic
C) reciprocal
D) negative state relief

Question 34

What is name of the mathematical equation for when prosocial behaviors are most likely to occur

A) Stevens' power law
B) Weber-Fechner law
C) Hamilton's Inequality
D) theory of conjoint measurement

Question 35

The model of helping that says seeing another person in need causes us emotional distress and that helping decreases those negative emotions is called what

A) the social responsibility norm
B) reciprocal altruism
C) negative state relief
D) pure altruism

Question 36

According to the Big 5 Model, which personality trait displays enjoyment of adventure, new experiences, independence, and curiosity

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 37

Ezra is extremely shy and doesn't enjoy being in big crowds. Ezra is low in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 38

Many charities mail out address labels hoping to inspire what

A) reciprocal altruism
B) pure altruism
C) empathy-altruism
D) egotistic altruism

Question 39

What is the mathematical equation for when prosocial behaviors are most likely to occur

A) (r × b) > c
B) (r × c) >b
C) (r × b) = c
D) r × b < c

Question 40

Josie enjoys being the center of attention and has many friends and acquaintances. Josie is high in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 41

Moe is usually sloppily dressed. His desk overflows with papers, candy wrappers, and desk toys. He is frequently behind on projects. Moe is low in what

A) conscientiousness
B) neuroticism
C) agreeableness
D) extroversion

Question 42

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in agreeableness

A) Let me help you with that, please.
B) I like to keep things quiet.
C) Lots of things make me nervous.
D) You can do it for yourself.

Question 43

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in openness to experience

A) I've never tried sushi before; I would love to!
B) I enjoy supporting my coworkers.
C) I feel energized after spending time with friends.
D) I feel nervous a lot of the time.

Question 44

Pablo is always prompt. His desk is meticulously arranged and he always finishes projects ahead of time. Pablo is high in what

A) conscientiousness
B) neuroticism
C) agreeableness
D) extroversion

Question 45

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in extroversion

A) Hope is more important than facts.
B) I am very organized.
C) I like to keep things quiet and stay home.
D) I love performing!

Question 46

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone who is low in openness to experience

A) I've never been to a play before. Let's go!
B) I'd rather stay home.
C) Can I help you
D) I feel nervous every day.

Question 47

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in extroversion

A) Let's not go out tonight.
B) I love being around other people.
C) I like to keep things organized.
D) If you don't say anything, no one will notice the problem.

Question 48

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in extroversion

A) Hope is more important than facts.
B) I am very organized.
C) I like to keep things quiet.
D) I love performing!

Question 49

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in extroversion

A) Let's not go out tonight.
B) I love being around other people.
C) I like to keep things organized.
D) If you don't say anything, no one will notice the problem.

Question 50

Heather is friendly and always willing to help a friend. Heather is high in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 51

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in agreeableness

A) I'm scared a lot.
B) We should try to get along.
C) Nothing really bothers me.
D) It's every man for himself.

Question 52

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in Machiavellianism

A) How can I make this work better
B) I would love to visit tomorrow.
C) Do not mess with me or my things.
D) I hope I can help.

Question 53

Greg is "laid back." He is comfortable with himself and interacting with others. Greg is low in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 54

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in conscientiousness

A) Let me straighten that for you.
B) Are we there yet
C) I'd rather stay home.
D) I like parties.

Question 55

Damian is argumentative and often unfriendly toward others. Damian is low in what

A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 56

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in agreeableness

A) Let me help you with that, please.
B) I like to keep things quiet.
C) Lots of things make me nervous.
D) You can do it for yourself.

Question 57

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in openness to experience

A) I don't like travelling. I like my routine.
B) I try to be friendly.
C) I like parties.
D) I worry over small things.

Question 58

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in conscientiousness

A) I have really eclectic tastes.
B) I love being around other people.
C) I like to keep things organized.
D) If you don't say anything, no one will notice the problem.

Question 59

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in conscientiousness

A) Morality is vital.
B) I don't know why everyone is always so fussy.
C) I like getting the details right.
D) You have to do things in the right order.

Question 60

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in conscientiousness

A) Someone will take care of it, I'm sure.
B) My job has too many stupid little rules.
C) I enjoy doing everything just right.
D) Just get it to good enough.

Question 61

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in agreeableness

A) I'm scared a lot.
B) We should try to get along.
C) How does this make you feel
D) It's every man for himself.

Question 62

Charmaine posted lots of pictures on social media of her volunteer time at the food pantry. What her friends didn't realize is that she only spent 20 minutes at the pantry before going home. This behavior reflects what

A) Machiavellianism
B) moral hypocrisy
C) agency
D) moral integrity

Question 63

According to the Big 5 Model, which personality trait displays attention to detail, responsibility, self discipline, and high achievement

A) conscientiousness
B) neuroticism
C) agreeableness
D) extroversion

Question 64

Using the "Good Samaritan" experiment as a model, select which person is most likely to stop and help an injured cyclist

A) Kevin, who is late for an appointment
B) Lee, who just read a speech about generosity
C) Tommy, who has to wait at least 3 hours in the area for his train
D) Mr. Jones, who just gave a lecture to a high school ethics class

Question 65

A woman is struggling to get her wheelchair up a ramp. Without asking if she needed help, James swiftly pushed her to the top. Based on this behavior, what religious orientation does James most likely hold

A) religion as quest
B) fundamentalist
C) extrinsically religious
D) intrinsically religious

Question 66

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in neuroticism

A) I'm scared a lot.
B) We should try to get along.
C) Nothing really bothers me.
D) It's every man for himself.

Question 67

Most of the world's major religions have norms that require generosity and encourage giving to the poor. These norms support what

A) fundamentalism
B) moral hypocrisy
C) prosocial behavior
D) social exchange

Question 68

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in neuroticism

A) Let me help you with that, please.
B) I like to keep things quiet.
C) Lots of things make me nervous.
D) You can do it for yourself.

Question 69

One study described in the text mentions using a "cover story." In the context of research, what does a cover story mean

A) an explanation to hide deception
B) recruitment technique
C) debriefing statement
D) description of a study

Question 70

According to the Big 5 Model, people with this personality trait are highly social, energetic, assertive, and spontaneous

A) agreeableness
B) openness to experience
C) extroversion
D) conscientiousness

Question 71

Using the "Good Samaritan" experiment as a model, select which person is most likely to stop and help an injured cyclist

A) Kevin, who is late for an appointment
B) Lee, who just read a speech about generosity
C) Tommy, who has to wait at least 3 hours in the area for his train
D) Mr. Jones, who just gave a lecture to a high school ethics class

Question 72

According to the Big 5 Model, which personality trait displays cooperative, peace-makers, and compassion toward others

A) neuroticism
B) conscientiousness
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience

Question 73

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in neuroticism

A) Nothing gets me down.
B) I feel like everyone hates me.
C) I am very organized.
D) I love being around other people.

Question 74

In 1973, these two researchers staged what is now known as "The Good Samaritan" experiment.

A) Darley and Baston
B) Darley and Latané
C) Batson and Gray
D) Latané and Williams

Question 75

The motivation to appear moral while avoiding the costs of behaving morally is called what

A) moral integrity
B) Machiavellianism
C) agency
D) moral hypocrisy

Question 76

Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone low in neuroticism

A) Nothing gets me down.
B) I feel like everyone hates me.
C) I am very organized.
D) I love being around other people.

Question 77

What personality theory is also called the OCEAN model

A) MMPI
B) Big 5
C) MBTI
D) Eysenck's trait theory

Question 78

Eddie publicly encouraged other parishioners to donate to the missionary fund, while secretly donating no money himself. This behavior reflects what

A) moral hypocrisy
B) moral integrity
C) Machiavellianism
D) agency

Question 79

According to the Big 5 Model, which personality trait displays anxiety, prone to stress, and more likely to be depressed and socially insecure

A) conscientiousness
B) extroversion
C) openness to experience
D) neuroticism

Question 80

Giving a percentage of your income to the poor is one of the five Pillars of Islam. It is also an example of what

A) religion as quest
B) prosocial behavior
C) agreeableness
D) social exchange