Deck 9: Keyboarding

Question 1

Which effect suggests that numbers are mentally represented in analog form, with small numbers to the left and large numbers to the right?

A) Simon effect
B) Stimulus-response compatibility effect
C) SNARC effect
D) Stroop effect

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Simple reaction times are

A) Response times that are easy to understand
B) Response times for tasks that are always simple to explain
C) Response times for tasks for which there is one possible stimulus and one possible response Response times for tasks for which there is more than one possible stimulus and more than one possible response

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Stimulus-response compatibility effects for keypresses with the left or right hands made to left or right visual signals

A) Depend more on which hand responds than on where the responses are made
B) Depend less on where the responses are made than on which hand responds
C) Depend to an equal degree on where the responses are made and which hand responds
D) None of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following results is/are consistent with amodality of timing?

A) Over individuals, time perception and production are uncorrelated
B) Over individuals, time perception and production are negatively correlated
C) Over individuals, time perception and production are positively correlated
D) c and timing variance grows with time interval size at approximately the same rate both in time perception and in time production

Question 5

The control of downbeats in musical performance may, but do not necessarily have to, reflect

A) Simple reactions
B) Choice reactions
C) Hierarchical timekeeping
D) Linear timekeeping

Question 6

The textbook described a study by Summers 1975) which showed that after people learned to produce a sequence of keystrokes with a particular slow rhythm, they could not easily escape that rhythm when they tried to produce the same sequence as quickly as possible. The interpretation of this result offered in the textbook was that

A) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes becomes an integral part of the memory for the sequence
B) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes is independent of the memory for the sequence
C) Participants in this study suffered from response-response compatibility
D) Participants in this study benefited from response-response compatibility

Question 7

Serial RT tasks have shown that

A) People can learn S-R sequences without conscious awareness
B) People can learn associations between stimulus locations and response locations
C) People can learn associations between stimulus locations and response locations more easily than associations between stimulus locations and fingers for those locations.
D) All of the above

Question 8

The reason the keystroke need not be viewed as the most fundamental unit of keyboard control is that

A) Typists sometimes make incorrect keystrokes with features similar to intended keystrokes
B) Typists sometimes type the wrong word
C) Typists don't always type as quickly as possible
D) Both b and c

Question 9

The eye-hand span for typing is

A) About 16 inches
B) About 12 inches
C) About 8 inches
D) None of the above

Question 10

In organ playing, organists may use their feet to play notes generated by pedals. Although the use of the feet was not discussed in the chapter on keyboarding, which of the following would you expect for pedal-pushing organists based on material in the chapter?

A) Times to alternate between different pedals played by one foot should be longer than times to alternate between different pedals played by two feet
B) Hierarchically organized sequences should be easier to learn than randomly organized sequences
C) Playing one pedal at a time should be easier than playing series of two-pedal chords
D) All of the above Chapter 9 Answer Key

Question 11

If the cerebellum controls critical events for timing, one would predict that individuals with cerebellar damage would _______________ than individuals without cerebellar damage

A) Tap with less temporal variability
B) Tap with more temporal variability
C) Draw circles continuously with no greater temporal variability
D) Both b and c

Question 12

Which of the following suggests that words, but not phrases, are production units for typewriting?

A) Typists do better when typing nonwords than words, but type randomly ordered words as quickly as sentences
B) Typists do better when typing words than nonwords, but type randomly ordered words more quickly than sentences
C) Typists do better when typing words than nonwords, but type randomly ordered words as quickly as sentences
D) Typists do better when typing nonwords than words, but type randomly ordered words less quickly than sentences

Question 13

Choice reaction times

A) Increase by an approximately equal amount with each quadrupling of the number of stimulus-response alternatives
B) Increase by an approximately equal amount with each tripling of the number of stimulus-response alternatives
C) Increase by an approximately equal amount with each doubling of the number of stimulus-response alternatives
D) Increase by an approximately equal amount with each additional stimulus-response alternative

Question 14

Skilled typists are likely to rely on plans for typing, as shown by the fact that

A) Times between keystrokes are typically shorter than reaction times to external signals for the same individual keystrokes
B) Times between keystrokes are typically longer than reaction times to external signals for the same individual keystrokes, showing that the typists are busy planning
C) Typists plan for events like vacations and their children's education
D) This is what they are told to do in how-to-type books and websites

Question 15

Which result would be most compatible with ideo-motor theory?

A) Choice reaction time is longer to say a heard word than to write a heard word
B) Choice reaction time is shorter to say a heard word than to write a heard word
C) Choice reaction time is the same to say or write a heard word
D) All of these because ideo-motor theorists have no idea how motor responses are generated

Question 16

The textbook described a study of keystroke forces and times in expressive piano playing. The study showed that when pianists changed the forces of their keystrokes to communicate phrasing, the timing of the keystrokes

A) Changed as well, meaning that timing changes must always be linked to force changes
B) Changed as well, meaning that timing changes need not be linked to force changes
C) Did not change, meaning that timing changes must always be linked to force changes
D) Did not change, meaning that timing changes need not be linked to force changes

Question 17

The classic model of typewriting developed by Rumelhart and Norman 1982) relied on

A) Activation but not inhibition between word nodes and keystroke nodes
B) Inhibition but not activation between word nodes and keystroke nodes
C) Activation and inhibition between word nodes and keystroke nodes
D) Rejection of connectionism

Question 18

Times between keystrokes in typing are

A) Longer for transitions between hands than for transitions within hands
B) Shorter for transitions between hands than for transitions within hands
C) The same for transitions between hands and for transitions within hands
D) Impossible to measure with current technology

Question 19

According to an influential model of motor timing Wing & Kristofferson, 1973), when people vary delays between successive finger taps, they rely on

A) An internal timekeeper or clock
B) Motor delays
C) Both of the above, which are assumed in the model to be statistically interdependent
D) Both of the above, which are assumed in the model to be statistically independent

Question 20

If it is possible to reliably alter the overall rate of keyboard sequences, one would expect

A) The ratio of any given interstroke time to the total time to remain constant
B) The ratio of any given interstroke time to the total time to grow
C) The ratio of any given interstroke time to the total time to shrink
D) Any of the above because this hypothesis has been discredited, so it doesn't make any trustworthy predictions