Deck 7: Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 1

According to the textbook,which country is NOT part of the sub-Saharan Africa region?

A) Zambia
B) Namibia
C) Sudan
D) Ethiopia

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The rain produced by the intertropical convergence zone is most abundant:

A) near the Tropic of Cancer.
B) near the Tropic of Capricorn.
C) near the equator.
D) in South Africa,Swaziland,and Lesotho.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What does the word Ushahidi mean in Swahili?

A) speak
B) share
C) confession
D) testimony

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The ratio of Kenyans with mobile phones is:

A) one out of ten.
B) nine out of ten.
C) one out of four.
D) three out of five.

Question 5

Which is NOT true of the physical geography of the African continent?

A) Its coastline is home to many natural harbors.
B) Its physical geography has long hindered transport.
C) The continent's surface is basically a plateau bordered by narrow coastal lowlands.
D) It was most likely the center of Pangaea.

Question 6

Ushahidi was originally designed to share information quickly about which of the following events?

A) violence during the 2008 elections in Kenya
B) the earthquake in Haiti
C) the Arab Spring revolution
D) the Syrian civil war

Question 7

Africa's lack of mountain ranges can be explained by:

A) the erosion process of African rivers wearing away the ancient mountain formations.
B) the intense heat of the region,which prevents mountain ranges from forming.
C) weather patterns that deposit silt in the Northern Hemisphere.
D) a lack of collision of tectonic plates.

Question 8

The southern fringes of the Sahara Desert are known as the:

A) Sahel.
B) Kalahari.
C) Ethiopian Highlands.
D) Maghreb.

Question 9

The world's deserts are generally found at about __________ °N and S latitude.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40

Question 10

Which of the following is the most accurate general description of the geomorphology of the African continent?

A) It resembles a dinner plate with a sunken interior ringed by weathered mountains.
B) It is comparable to a rumpled carpet with high mountains and narrow valleys.
C) It appears as an inclined plane,sloping from north to south.
D) It resembles a raised platform edged by narrow coastlines.

Question 11

The Democratic Republic of Congo was formerly known as:

A) Rhodesia.
B) Tanganyika.
C) Zaire.
D) Bechuanaland.

Question 12

Which body of water separates Africa and Asia?

A) Caspian Sea
B) Mediterranean Sea
C) Persian Gulf
D) Red Sea

Question 13

Which mountain is located in Africa?

A) Corcovado
B) Kilimanjaro
C) Fuji
D) Parnassus

Question 14

Which desert is NOT located in Africa?

A) the Sahara
B) the Namib
C) the Kalahari
D) the Rub'al Khali

Question 15

Which of the following statements does NOT describe sub-Saharan Africa?

A) The region is geographically larger than North America and Europe combined.
B) The region is extremely densely populated.
C) It is home to several of the world's fastest-growing economies.
D) The region includes 48 countries.

Question 16

More than one-fourth of the African continent is covered by the:

A) Kalahari Desert.
B) Rub'al Khali.
C) Sahel.
D) Sahara Desert.

Question 17

The two largest continents are:

A) Europe and Asia.
B) Africa and Asia.
C) Asia and South America.
D) Australia and Africa.

Question 18

The capital of the Republic of Congo is:

A) Brazzaville.
B) Abu Dhabi.
C) Mogadishu.
D) Kinshasa.

Question 19

The band of atmospheric currents that circle the globe roughly around the equator is known as the __________.

A) ITCZ
B) Tropic of Cancer
C) Sahel
D) Maghreb

Question 20

In 2012,sub-Saharan Africa was home to __________ of the ten fastest-growing economies in the world.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) ten

Question 21

In Africa,tropical wet climates transition into seasonally wet/dry tropical woodlands,followed by another transition into:

A) savanna.
B) tundra.
C) taiga.
D) wetlands.

Question 22

The Horn of Africa is one of the __________ parts of the continent.

A) most densely populated
B) coldest
C) rainiest
D) driest

Question 23

Which of the following is a criticism sometimes made of agroforestry?

A) It requires more intensive use of resources than traditional methods.
B) It is not consistent with the goals of the Green Belt Movement.
C) It sometimes brings invasive species onto the African continent.
D) It simply switches agriculture from one crop to another.

Question 24

Which is NOT an agricultural issue currently facing Africa?

A) Some of the most common commercial crops are less well adapted to environments outside their natural range.
B) Commercial crops tend to be planted in large fields of just one crop,which leaves them vulnerable to pests.
C) The prices of commercial crops are set on the world market,which can lead to price fluctuations that leave people without enough income to survive.
D) The most common commercial crops grown in Africa are in less demand on world markets as a result of the explosion of soybean as a food staple across the world.

Question 25

The strong promoter of agroforestry founded by Wangari Maathai,designed to help rural women plant trees for use as fuelwood,is known as the:

A) Grameen System.
B) Micocredit Scheme.
C) Green Belt Movement.
D) ITCZ Initiative.

Question 26

Which of the following characterizes the intertropical convergence zone and its effects on Africa's climate?

A) Warm westward-moving air comes together with the Mediterranean high-pressure cell,which traps the air at the ground and prevents it from releasing its moisture.
B) Cool air from the northern latitudes moves into Africa,blocking warm,moist air from the continent's interior.
C) Warm southerly winds meet warm northerly winds,causing uplift and cooling of the air,which then releases moisture as rain.
D) Cool air masses from the north and south meet south of the Sahara,causing cool,wet conditions to prevail over the African interior.

Question 27

Which of the following uses of wood has contributed most to the disappearance of dry forests?

A) fuel
B) medicine
C) building materials
D) furniture

Question 28

The process by which trees remove carbon from the air and store it in their biomass is known as:

A) carbon sequestration.
B) photosynthesis.
C) nitrogen shedding.
D) tectonic activity.

Question 29

Which term refers to a type of farming in which the farmer produces food only for the farmer's family?

A) mixed agriculture
B) subsistence agriculture
C) grameen agriculture
D) aquaculture

Question 30

The current that flows northward along the west coast of Africa is the:

A) Peru.
B) Bechuana.
C) Benguela.
D) Namibia.

Question 31

According to the textbook,which of the following has NOT been well understood by Western (American and European)advisers and aid officials concerning indigenous African agriculture?

A) Men produce most of the food for family consumption.
B) Indigenous practices are less sustainable than Western techniques.
C) Traditional systems are more complex than suggested systems assume.
D) With fertilizer,African soils can remain fertile under continuous use.

Question 32

Which of the following is among the strategies used by cultivators in the wet tropics to maintain soil fertility?

A) clear and plant large patches with one species
B) clear small plots and allow for the sun to bake and seal nutrients in the soil
C) plant only one species at a time
D) allow the land to reforest after 2 or 3 years of cultivation

Question 33

What are the names of the African deserts found at roughly 30°N and 30°S,respectively?

A) the Sahara and the Namib and Kalahari
B) the Sahara and the Gobi
C) the Arabian and the Namib
D) the Arabian and the Gobi

Question 34

Which two products or technologies supply Africans with most of their domestic energy?

A) oil and natural gas
B) wood and charcoal
C) solar energy and wind energy
D) water energy and biofuels

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT common among the population of Africa?

A) subsistence farming
B) mixed agriculture
C) fishing,hunting,and gathering
D) extraction of minerals for energy production

Question 36

The Green Belt Movement was founded by:

A) Precious Ramotswe.
B) Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf.
C) Immaculee Dhangati.
D) Wangari Maathai.

Question 37

Which of the following health issues is a result of burning charcoal for fuel?

A) asthma
B) HIV infection
C) malaria
D) hepatitis

Question 38

Most African famines have been caused by:

A) drought.
B) volcanic eruptions.
C) political instability.
D) global warming.

Question 39

For most Africans,what activity remains a major source of their livelihood?

A) manufacturing
B) mining
C) tourism
D) subsistence agriculture

Question 40

What process is creating a series of rift features along the eastern flank of the African continent?

A) Crustal plates that underlie the African continent are spreading apart.
B) The Somali Plate is colliding with the African Plate.
C) Subduction is occurring as the Somali Plate dives under the Eurasian Plate.
D) Small amounts of molten rock have surfaced and accumulated.

Question 41

Pastoralism is another word for:

A) agriculture.
B) herding.
C) economic development.
D) politics.

Question 42

Desertification in Africa is most apparent along the:

A) equator.
B) Sahel.
C) Maghreb.
D) Congo Basin.

Question 43

The Maasai Mara game reserve,known for the annual migration of wildebeest,zebras,and gazelles,is located in:

A) Kenya.
B) Nigeria.
C) Chad.
D) Senegal.

Question 44

What fraction of the world's national parkland is in Africa?

A) one-hundredth
B) one-tenth
C) one-third
D) three-fourths

Question 45

The original home of the human species is:

A) Asia.
B) Europe.
C) Africa.
D) North America.

Question 46

Between 1600 and 1865,into what type of service were many African slaves sold?

A) underground mining in India and South America
B) domestic workers in Europe
C) plantation labor in the Americas
D) factory workers in the Americas

Question 47

Which of the following solutions is NOT being tried or considered in sub-Saharan Africa to protect wildlife?

A) efforts to reduce poaching
B) increased ecotourism
C) interference with natural migration patterns to prevent animals from drowning
D) traps to kill predators who feed on weaker species

Question 48

In what part of Africa did the first human species evolve into existence?

A) South Africa
B) East Africa
C) West Africa
D) North Africa

Question 49

Which statement best summarizes the practices of the foreign agricultural experts who promoted commercial agricultural systems in Nigeria?

A) They relied on local practices to find the most sustainable uses for the land.
B) They insisted on planting crops that could not grow successfully in Nigeria.
C) They instituted a local education system to help disseminate agricultural knowledge.
D) They did not include local women in their planning,even though Nigerian women have extensive knowledge of farming techniques.

Question 50

The first Europeans to raid Africa for slaves were the:

A) French.
B) British.
C) Dutch.
D) Portuguese.

Question 51

The African culture that developed around 700 C.E. ,when Europe was recovering from the collapse of the Roman Empire,was found in what is modern-day:

A) Botswana.
B) Namibia.
C) Zimbabwe.
D) Zambia.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is NOT true of slavery in modern-day Africa?

A) It is widely practiced in Swaziland,Lesotho,and South Africa.
B) It is most common in the Sahel.
C) Some slaves have been sold by their parents to pay off debts.
D) Slaves often work as domestic servants or prostitutes.

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT an effect of the European slave trade?

A) Twelve million Africans were captured and sold.
B) Africans continue to enslave each other,even today.
C) Africans were made dependent on European goods and technologies.
D) The Caribbean and North American economies were glutted with too much labor.

Question 54

Which of the following is the best characterization of the climatic conditions brought about by the slow advance of the African Sahel?

A) cold
B) arid
C) wet
D) warm

Question 55

Which of the following statements does NOT describe Africa before European contact?

A) China operated multiple colonial operations to obtain African minerals.
B) Wealthy Islamic kingdoms were making pilgrimages from West Africa to Mecca.
C) A slave trade flourished between African cities and Southwest and South Asia.
D) Societies based on mining and iron smelting developed.

Question 56

Which statement is NOT true of the African slave trade between 1600 and 1865?

A) Europeans paid native African kingdoms to make slave raids into the interior of Africa.
B) About equal numbers of male slaves and female slaves were sent to the Americas.
C) About 12 million slaves were sent to the Americas.
D) About 90 percent of the slaves ended up in South America,while about 10 percent ended up in North America.

Question 57

Which two countries of sub-Saharan Africa are working on a plan to dam the Niger River?

A) Mali and Niger
B) Niger and Nigeria
C) Cameroon and Gabon
D) Mauritania and Senegal

Question 58

Which of the following best describes a recent discovery concerning water in sub-Saharan Africa?

A) Groundwater supplies are far smaller than once thought.
B) Groundwater supplies are almost completely polluted by mineral extraction projects.
C) Although groundwater is plentiful,it is located too deep to be accessed by bore wells.
D) The quantity of groundwater is far greater than previously thought.

Question 59

Modern humans (homo sapiens)evolved in eastern Africa about __________ years ago.

A) 10,000
B) 100,000
C) 250,000
D) 500,000

Question 60

The process by which arid conditions spread to areas that were previously moist is called:

A) zone convergence.
B) zone diversification.
C) desertification.
D) savannosis.

Question 61

Which statement is NOT true of apartheid?

A) Under apartheid,everyone except whites had to carry identification papers at all times.
B) Eighty percent of the land of South Africa was reserved for the use of whites.
C) The system was instituted and maintained by the African National Congress.
D) Though apartheid officially ended in 1994,South Africa is still in the process of dismantling systems of racial discrimination.

Question 62

Which of the following occurred shortly after the Dutch gained control over the Cape of Good Hope in the 1650s in what is now the country of South Africa?

A) European migration to Africa
B) the first major acquisition of African slaves by Europeans
C) the formal partitioning of Africa into colonies
D) the ending of the African slave trade with the Americas

Question 63

The peninsula that shelters a harbor on the southwestern coast of South Africa is known as:

A) Gibraltar.
B) the Horn of Africa.
C) Tierra del Fuego
D) the Cape of Good Hope.

Question 64

Which of the following phrases accurately describes the people known as the Boers?

A) African Bantu peoples who willingly adopted European practices and values
B) British merchants who established early trade between Europe and Africa
C) Dutch immigrant farmers who were among the first Europeans to settle in Africa
D) African colonial subjects of Germany who resisted external political control

Question 65

The home of the Boers following Britain's outlawing of slavery was:

A) Namibia.
B) the Ivory Coast.
C) the Congo Basin.
D) the Orange Free State and the Transvaal.

Question 66

In most cases,the colonial period formally came to an end during what decade?

A) 1980s
B) 1960s
C) 1940s
D) 1910s

Question 67

Which two natural resources were discovered in South Africa in the 1860s?

A) coal and bauxite
B) silver and copper
C) gold and diamonds
D) oil and natural gas

Question 68

Which of the following does NOT reflect the lasting influence of the colonial period on African societies?

A) Many independent African governments are undemocratic.
B) Europeanized elites usually dominate government and the economy.
C) African economies depend on the export of raw materials.
D) African governments effectively redistribute wealth to an impoverished majority.

Question 69

The only two European nations NOT colonized by Europe are:

A) Egypt and Libya.
B) Chad and Sudan.
C) Liberia and Ethiopia.
D) Togo and Benin.

Question 70

By what means did nineteenth-century European powers prevent armed conflicts among themselves in Africa in their separate colonial efforts?

A) They established distinct boundaries between their territorial claims in Africa to divide tribal groups and weaken them.
B) They allowed African tribal leaders to arbitrate their territorial disputes.
C) They created a federation of African nations to manage the continent's resources.
D) They urged the United States to mediate conflicts and enforce resolutions.

Question 71

The country once known as Abyssinia is now known as:

A) Nigeria.
B) South Africa.
C) Ethiopia.
D) Somalia.

Question 72

The official system of racial segregation enforced in South Africa was known as:

A) ethnic cleansing.
B) apartheid.
C) the Boer War.
D) Afrikaans.

Question 73

Which of the following resulted from South Africa's policy of apartheid?

A) the assignment of all black people in the country to their so-called "homelands"
B) the creation of reservations wherein white people could live safely
C) the expulsion of all white people from South Africa
D) the equal distribution of lands according to the population's racial makeup

Question 74

Which of the following secured the economic future of the areas known as the Transvaal and the Orange Free State?

A) seaport services,including the slave trade
B) coffee and tobacco cultivation
C) European military installations
D) diamond and gold mines

Question 75

The Dutch farmers who were among the first European settlers of South Africa were known as the:

A) Flemish.
B) Boers.
C) Transvaal.
D) Homesteaders.

Question 76

Which of the following was NOT a result of European colonialism in Africa?

A) National boundaries were sometimes set up to divide and weaken tribal groups.
B) Colonial officials encouraged hostilities between indigenous groups.
C) Food production decreased so that more exportable goods could be produced.
D) Apartheid was declared in all the nations of sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 77

The first African state to achieve independence from Europe was:

A) Ghana.
B) Egypt.
C) South Africa.
D) Botswana.

Question 78

Which is NOT true of modern Africa?

A) Slavery still exists.
B) Corruption and abuse of power have been the marks of many governments.
C) Africa must import food,and it still produces few of its manufactured goods.
D) After the fall of apartheid,South Africa lost its place as the region's wealthiest country.

Question 79

Which of the following events involving Europe and Africa occurred during the eighteenth and early nineteenth century?

A) Europeans began selling Africans as slaves in the Americas.
B) Europe established formal colonies in Africa.
C) The Portuguese became the first Europeans to reach West Africa.
D) Europeans brought high-yield agriculture to Africa.

Question 80

Which one of the following statements accurately reflects the circumstances of the Boer War?

A) Boer nationalists attempted to seize control over British diamond mines.
B) The Dutch attempted to forcibly acquire South Africa from the Boers.
C) The British invaded the Orange Free State and the Transvaal.
D) Germany sought to expel the Boers from their native lands in South Africa.