Deck 12: Forensic Toxicology

Question 1

Which would be LEAST useful in identifying a mineral crystal?

A) size
B) refractive index
C) geometric shape
D) location of origin
E) color

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What type of evidence would be expected to have trace elements?

A) paint and bullet fragments
B) glass and metal objects
C) soil and primer particles
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The nucleus of an atom contains:

A) neutrons and electrons.
B) electrons only.
C) protons and neutrons.
D) neutrons.
E) protons and electrons.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which coating helps resist UV radiation and acid rain?

Question 5

Which of the following is a nondestructive technique for identifying and quantifying trace elements in a test sample?

A) ICP emission spectrometry
B) neutron activation analysis
C) Pyrolysis gas chromatography
D) microscopic examination
E) carbon arc emission spectrometry

Question 6

Which coat represents the "eye appeal"? MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Question 7

In a simple emission spectrograph, excitation of the specimen under investigation is accomplished with a(n):

A) hot plasma torch.
B) activated prism.
C) electrical arc.
D) inductive magnetic field.
E) ultraviolet light source.

Question 8

What is the logical first step in soil analysis?

A) examination for presence of debris under low-power magnification
B) comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture
C) use of the density-gradient tube technique
D) investigation of the geographical and/or geologic origin of the sample
E) examination of minerals and rocks under high-power magnification

Question 9

Atoms having the same atomic number but different atomic masses are called:

A) isobars.
B) isotopes.
C) isotherms.
D) isometrics.
E) isomers.

Question 10

An element is selective in the frequency of light it will absorb. This selectivity is due to its:

A) electron energy levels.
B) atomic mass.
C) atomic number.
D) number of neutrons.
E) proton cloud.

Question 11

Which coating provides resistance to corrosion?

Question 12

After examining small paint chips from an auto accident scene and using the PDQ database, the crime lab worker can determine the ________ of the vehicle.

A) year
B) model
C) make
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 13

In order to compare soil specimens, some forensic laboratories rely on:

A) GRIM 3 results.
B) the density-gradient tube technique.
C) the 3 R rule.
D) a reference collection.
E) refractive index studies.

Question 14

Which type of radiation is NOT given off by radioactive decay?

A) alpha rays
B) gamma rays
C) beta rays
D) x-rays
E) electromagnetic radiation

Question 15

Paint binders can be chemically analyzed using:

A) TLC.
B) IR spectrophotometry.
C) Pyrolysis GC.
D) both B and C
E) none of the above

Question 16

Which property imparts paint with its most distinctive forensic characteristics?

A) color-layer sequence
B) color
C) pigment particles
D) gloss
E) texture

Question 17

Which is NOT part of the composition of paint?
A) binder
B) pigment
C) solvent
D) adhesive
E) none of the above
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Manufacturers apply the following coatings to the body of an automobile:

A) electrocoat primer
B) primer surface
C) basecoat
D) clearcoat

Question 18

Paint as physical evidence is most frequently encountered in:

A) burglary.
B) a hit-and-run.
C) assault.
D) car theft.
E) both A and B

Question 19

Neutron activation analysis involves bombarding specimens with neutrons and then measuring the resultant:

A) gamma rays.
B) ultraviolet rays.
C) beta rays.
D) alpha rays.
E) x-rays.

Question 20

The elements that comprise the inorganic pigments of paint can be identified by:

A) Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy.
B) neutron activation analysis.
C) X-ray spectroscopy.
D) emission spectroscopy.
E) all of the above

Question 21

X-ray diffraction patterns are obtained from ___________ substances.

A) colorless
B) charged
C) liquid
D) crystalline
E) amorphous

Question 22

Describe the proper collection and preservation techniques for paint evidence.

Question 23

List and explain the most useful examinations that forensic scientists use in a paint comparison.

Question 24

Pyrolysis gas chromatography is a particularly valuable technique for characterizing paint's:

A) clearcoat
B) binder
C) pigments
D) color
E) basecoat

Question 25

List and explain the important forensic properties of soil.

Question 26

Explain how elements can be made into radioactive isotopes.

Question 27

Beta particles are identical to:

A) alpha particles
B) gamma particles
C) electrons
D) photons
E) isotopes

Question 28

Explain the difference between continuous and line emission spectra.

Question 29

Explain the difference between the atomic number and the atomic mass number.

Question 30

In most cases, the ___________ layer(s) of soil is/are picked up during the commission of a crime.

A) wet
B) clay
C) silt
D) organic
E) top

Question 31

The knowledge that elements selectively ___________ and ___________ light provides the basis for important analytical techniques designed to detect the presence of elements in materials.

A) absorb; adsorb
B) absorb; emit
C) reflect; refract
D) disperse; transmit
E) reflect; adsorb

Question 32

Briefly describe what an isotope is.

Question 33

Describe the proper collection and preservation techniques for soil evidence.

Question 34

Define the following: Proton, Neutron and electron.

Question 35

A(n) ___________ shows distinct frequencies or wavelengths of light.

A) line spectrum
B) carbon arc
C) spectrogram
D) continuous spectrum
E) chromatogram