Deck 2: Multiple Choice

Question 1

The cerebellum contains _____ of all the neurons in the adult human brain.

A) 20%
B) 50%
C) 10%
D) 80%

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Efferent is to afferent as:

A) brain is to spinal cord.
B) sensory is to motor.
C) motor is to sensory.
D) incoming is to outgoing.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Moving from superficial layers to deep layers,in what order are the meninges found?

A) dura mater,arachnoid layer,pia mater
B) pia mater,arachnoid layer,dura mater
C) dura mater,pia mater,arachnoid layer
D) pia mater,dura mater,arachnoid layer

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Coronal section is to horizontal section as:

A) frontal view is to dorsal view.
B) medial view is to frontal view.
C) frontal view is to medial view.
D) dorsal view is to medial view.

Question 5

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)flows between:

A) the arachnoid layer and pia mater.
B) the dura mater and pia mater.
C) the dura mater and arachnoid layer.
D) the superficial layer and deep layer.

Question 6

Afferent is to efferent as:

A) out is to in.
B) top is to bottom.
C) in is to out.
D) bottom is to top.

Question 7

What best characterizes the composition of cerebrospinal fluid?

A) sodium chloride and other salts
B) essential amino acids
C) glucocorticoids
D) simple sugars and small lipids

Question 8

If a tree falls in the forest,does it make a sound if no one is present?

A) Yes,because sound is a physical phenomenon.
B) Yes,because if you record the noise and play it again later you will hear it.
C) No,because sound is a fabrication of your brain.
D) This is an unanswerable philosophical question.

Question 9

The subdivision of the nervous system that controls the gut is called the:

A) somatic nervous system.
B) enteric nervous system.
C) digestive nervous system.
D) autonomic nervous system.

Question 10

Brain nomenclature can be very confusing.This is because:

A) many structures have several names.
B) research on brain includes scientists of many nationalities and languages
C) some structures were named by numbers.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Rostral is to caudal as:

A) superior is to inferior.
B) dorsal is to ventral.
C) medial is to lateral.
D) anterior is to posterior.

Question 12

Structures atop the brain or a structure within the brain are_____:

A) lateral.
B) ventral.
C) medial.
D) dorsal.

Question 13

The functions of the temporal lobes lie mainly in:

A) decision making.
B) hearing,language,and music.
C) sensory processing and directing movements toward objects.
D) vision.

Question 14

Neural agenesis refers to:

A) an injury to a brain structure.
B) the degeneration of a structure.
C) the failure of a structure to develop.
D) the creation of a brain structure.

Question 15

The somatic nervous system includes the _____,whereas the autonomic nervous system includes the _____.

A) sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions;cranial nerves and spinal nerves
B) brain and spinal cord;cranial nerves and spinal nerves
C) sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions;brain and spinal cord
D) cranial nerves and spinal nerves;sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Question 16

The CNS includes the _____,whereas the PNS includes the _____.

A) brain and autonomic nervous system;spinal cord and somatic nervous system
B) spinal cord and autonomic nervous system;brain and somatic nervous system
C) spinal cord and brain;autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
D) somatic nervous system and brain;spinal cord and autonomic nervous system

Question 17

Following a brain injury Greg has difficulty in understanding language and music.He is most likely to have suffered damage to his:

A) frontal lobe.
B) temporal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
D) parietal lobe.

Question 18

Phenotypic plasticity refers to:

A) how an organism's genotype can be influenced by environmental factors.
B) how an organism's genetics can be influenced by its nervous system.
C) the study of nervous system plasticity.
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

The ventral portion of a structure is sometimes called:

A) superior.
B) inferior.
C) dorsal.
D) medial.

Question 20

The term afferent refers to _____ signals.

A) incoming
B) outgoing
C) different
D) similar

Question 21

The frontal lobes are responsible for controlling:

A) decision making.
B) hearing,language,and music.
C) vision.
D) sensory processing and directing movements toward objects.

Question 22

_____ is(are)mainly composed of nerve fibers with fatty coverings.

A) Cerebral aqueducts
B) Ventricles
C) White matter
D) Gray matter

Question 23

Sulci are:

A) found only in the cerebellum.
B) found only in the cerebrum.
C) the cracks between the bumps on the brain.
D) the bumps on the surface of the brain.

Question 24

Following a recent stroke Jim experiences difficulty with directing movements toward objects.The stroke is most likely to have occurred in his:

A) frontal lobe.
B) temporal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
D) parietal lobe.

Question 25

Following a brain injury Suzanne experiences difficulty with problem solving and decision making.She is most likely to have suffered an injury to her:

A) parietal lobe.
B) occipital lobe.
C) frontal lobe.
D) temporal lobe.

Question 26

The large cavities inside the brain are known as:

A) ventricles and are filled with CSF.
B) ventricles and are filled with blood.
C) the arachnoid layer and are filled with CSF.
D) the arachnoid layer and are filled with blood.

Question 27

What is the most unlikely function of CSF?

A) aiding cell transmission in the brain
B) acting as a shock absorber to the brain
C) allowing certain compounds access
D) helping the brain excrete metabolic wastes from the brain

Question 28

A disruption of the blood supply to a brain region causes:

A) meningitis.
B) encephalitis.
C) a stroke.
D) cerebral agenesis.

Question 29

Which of the following arteries does NOT act as a major supplier to the cerebrum?

A) anterior
B) superior
C) middle
D) posterior

Question 30

The symptoms of the "sleeping sickness" that arose during World War I are caused by lesions to the:

A) putamen.
B) globus pallidus.
C) substantia nigra.
D) amygdala.

Question 31

The artery that provides blood to the occipital lobes is the _____ cerebral artery.

A) anterior
B) middle
C) posterior
D) inferior

Question 32

Sulcus is to gyrus as:

A) crack is to bump.
B) bump is to crack.
C) ridge is to mountain.
D) crack is to crevasse.

Question 33

The occipital lobes are responsible for:

A) sensory processing and directing movements toward objects.
B) decision making.
C) visual processing.
D) hearing,language,and music.

Question 34

The artery that provides blood to the lateral,temporal,and frontal lobes is the _____ cerebral artery.

A) anterior
B) middle
C) posterior
D) inferior

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with meningitis?

A) severe headache
B) stiff neck
C) aggressiveness
D) convulsions

Question 36

_____ is mainly composed of cell bodies and capillaries.

A) Reticular matter
B) Gray matter
C) The corpus callosum
D) White matter

Question 37

Gyri are:

A) bumps on the surface of the cortex.
B) cracks on the surface of the cortex.
C) deformities on the surface of the cortex.
D) only found in the spinal cord.

Question 38

The parietal lobes primarily control:

A) vision.
B) hearing,language,and music.
C) decision making.
D) sensory processing and directing movements toward objects.

Question 39

During a recent car accident Allison suffered a brain injury that left her blind even though her eyes are working fine.She is most likely to have suffered damage to her:

A) occipital lobe.
B) frontal lobe.
C) temporal lobe.
D) parietal lobe.

Question 40

CSF is made in:

A) the pia mater.
B) the dura mater.
C) the ventricles.
D) the arachnoid layer.

Question 41

The role of glial cells is primarily:

A) to carry out information processing in the brain.
B) to send signals from one brain region to another.
C) to modulate the activity of neurons.
D) to process sensory input.

Question 42

The reticular formation is primarily made up of:

A) gray matter only.
B) white matter only.
C) gray matter and white matter.
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 43

Regulation of breathing and the cardiovascular system is primarily controlled by:

A) the pons.
B) the reticular activating system.
C) the medulla.
D) the cerebellum.

Question 44

The prosencephalon is sometimes referred to as:

A) the hindbrain.
B) the middle brain.
C) the auxiliary brain.
D) the front brain.

Question 45

In the human brain the mesencephalon contains:

A) the neocortex.
B) cerebellum.
C) tectum and tegmentum.
D) medulla.

Question 46

Orienting responses (e.g. ,turning your head to locate the source of a sound)are controlled by:

A) the pons.
B) the superior and inferior colliculi.
C) the cerebellum.
D) the diencephalon.

Question 47

CNS is to PNS as:

A) neuron is to glia.
B) gray matter is to white matter.
C) nerve is to tract.
D) tract is to nerve.

Question 48

In the human brain the basal ganglia,limbic system,and olfactory bulbs are considered part of the:

A) telencephalon.
B) metencephalon.
C) diencephalon.
D) mesencephalon.

Question 49

Ischemic stroke is caused by:

A) a clot.
B) a broken blood vessel.
C) meningitis.
D) encephalitis.

Question 50

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)is effective for treating:

A) ischemic stroke.
B) hemorrhagic stroke.
C) meningitis.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 51

The primary function of the cerebellum is:

A) control of sleeping and waking.
B) control of movement.
C) control of heart rate and respiration.
D) sensory processing.

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT part of the hindbrain?

A) the pons
B) the tegmentum
C) the reticular formation
D) the medulla oblongata

Question 53

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the metencephalon?

A) the cerebellum
B) the pons
C) the medulla
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 54

When observing a sagittal brain section at the midline,what is the prominent feature composed of white matter?

A) corpus callosum
B) ventricles
C) cingulate cortex
D) hippocampus

Question 55

The red nucleus,substantia nigra,and periaqueductal gray matter are parts of the:

A) tectum.
B) pons.
C) tegmentum.
D) reticular formation.

Question 56

The thalamus and hypothalamus are considered part of the:

A) myelencephalon.
B) telencephalon.
C) metencephalon.
D) diencephalon.

Question 57

A hemorrhagic stroke is caused by:

A) a blood clot.
B) a ruptured blood vessel.
C) an embolism.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 58

Cutting the brain from front to back will give:

A) a coronal view.
B) a frontal view.
C) a horizontal view.
D) a sagittal view.

Question 59

According to Descartes,the seat of the mind was located in the:

A) frontal lobes.
B) thalamus.
C) pineal gland.
D) temporal lobes.

Question 60

Awakening from sleep is a function of:

A) the pons.
B) the medulla.
C) the cerebellum.
D) the reticular formation.

Question 61

Six layers of gray matter on top of a layer of white matter would describe:

A) the limbic cortex.
B) the basal ganglia.
C) the neocortex.
D) the cingulate cortex.

Question 62

What are the functions of the superior and inferior colliculi respectively?

A) auditory and visual
B) visual and auditory
C) tactile and visual
D) visual and tactile

Question 63

A person who has trouble locating the source of stimulation on the skin most likely has damage to the:

A) temporal lobe.
B) parietal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
D) frontal lobe.

Question 64

Cortical regions:

A) have the same density of cell layers.
B) have different specific chemical characteristics.
C) when stained look the same across the various areas.
D) have very specific functions and rarely interrelate.

Question 65

Deficits in processing basic visual information (e.g. ,luminance)are caused by damage to the:

A) frontal lobe.
B) parietal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
D) temporal lobe.

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT part of the forebrain?

A) the cortex
B) the tectum
C) the basal ganglia
D) the limbic system

Question 67

Which of the following is part of the tegmentum?

A) the tectum
B) the substantia nigra
C) the inferior colliculus
D) the superior colliculus

Question 68

Sexual behavior is a primary function of:

A) the thalamus.
B) the hypothalamus.
C) the gyrus fornicutus.
D) the red nucleus.

Question 69

Motor output signals are sent through layer(s)_____ of the cortex.

A) V and VI
B) I to III
C) IV
D) II

Question 70

Thalamus is to hypothalamus as:

A) sensory input is to body maintenance.
B) body maintenance is to sensory input.
C) sexual behavior is to sleeping.
D) feeding is to endocrine function.

Question 71

The basal ganglia primarily controls:

A) decision making.
B) voluntary movement.
C) learning and memory.
D) processing of sound.

Question 72

Integrative functions are processed by layer(s)_____ of the cortex.

A) V and VI
B) I to III
C) IV
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 73

Sensory inputs are transmitted through layer(s)_____ of the cortex.

A) I to III
B) V and VI
C) IV
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 74

Following a brain injury Steven has trouble organizing himself and has difficulty formulating plans to accomplish goals.Steven is most likely to have damaged his:

A) frontal lobe.
B) temporal lobe.
C) parietal lobe.
D) occipital lobe.

Question 75

The hypothalamus is NOT primarily involved in:

A) motor movements.
B) sleeping.
C) emotional behavior.
D) sensory input.

Question 76

The lateral geniculate nucleus deals with:

A) touch.
B) hearing.
C) olfaction.
D) vision.

Question 77

Cognition is usually attributed to:

A) the limbic cortex.
B) the cingulate cortex.
C) the neocortex.
D) the parahippocampal cortex.

Question 78

Trouble recognizing sounds is most commonly associated with damage to the:

A) parietal lobe.
B) frontal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
D) temporal lobe.

Question 79

The _____ acts as a sensory relay station for signals arriving from sensory receptors that are being sent to the cortex.

A) pituitary
B) pons
C) hypothalamus
D) thalamus

Question 80

The primary function of the thalamus is:

A) transmission of sensory inputs to the cortex.
B) regulation of hormone function.
C) regulation of sleeping and waking.
D) control of orienting responses.