Deck 12: Organizing and Outlining Your Presentation

Question 1

1-15 Factual examples and statistics make up _____ evidence.

A) soft
B) hard
C) topical
D) chronological

Answer 1

B

Question 2

1-4 Chris wants to give a speech on the life of Harry Truman.He wants his main points to discuss Truman's childhood,his college years,and his adult years.What type of organizational pattern is Chris using?

A) Topical
B) Chronological
C) Cause-effect
D) Problem-solution

Answer 2

B

Question 3

1-6 Janine organized her three statistics on organ transplants according to their significance.She saved her "clincher" point about how easy it is to indicate your willingness to donate by signing the back of your driver's license for the last point before her conclusion.What organizational principle did Janine demonstrate in this speech?

A) Complexity
B) Specificity
C) Primacy
D) Recency

Answer 3

D

Question 4

1-14 In his last two speeches,Lenny used a technique of grouping his specific information and offering it first,followed by his explanation and statistics,then in the second speech,by giving his general explanation and statistics first,then following with his illustrations.This technique is called _____.

A) recency
B) primacy
C) complexity
D) soft evidence
E) specificity

Question 5

1-10 Stephen was planning a speech on the environmental impact of the eruption of Mt.St.Helens.He planned to organize his speech by starting at the area immediately around the cone,move to a discussion of the areas directly east of the mountain,then move counterclockwise to the north and west of the mountain.What type of organizational pattern was he using?

A) Chronological
B) Spatial
C) Topical
D) Cause-and-effect

Question 6

1-2 J.P.wants to develop a presentation about the five bases of interpersonal power (legitimate,reward,coercive,expert,and referent).His topic would be best suited for what type of organizational pattern?

A) Topical
B) Spatial
C) Chronological
D) Cause-and-effect

Question 7

1-12 Albert spoke about how the temperature of the globe was increasing and offered possible ways to correct global warming.What organizational pattern did Albert use in this speech?

A) Cause-effect
B) Problem-solution
C) Chronological
D) Topical

Question 8

1-18 A way for the speaker to signal to the audience that he/she is moving from one idea to another is by using a(n)_____.

A) transition
B) preview
C) initial preview
D) summary

Question 9

1-7 Dallas has begun her main points with some very easy-to-understand and has then moved to concepts that are more difficult to understand.She has used which organizational style?

A) regency
B) primacy
C) specificity
D) complexity

Question 10

1-3 Nicole was planning a speech advocating the position that all students be required to take two years of a foreign language prior to graduation.She was fairly certain that most of the people in her class were against her position.She felt that the strongest argument she had for this audience was the value of this skill when seeking employment.She decided to present that argument as her first main point.What principle is Nicole using?

A) Recency
B) Complexity
C) Primacy
D) Specificity

Question 11

1-17 In his speech on varying explanations of how the earth came into existence,Eduardo begins with opinions,moves to inferences,and uses scientific facts in support of his last point.What principle of supporting material organization is Eduardo reflecting in his speech?

A) Primacy-recency
B) "Soft" to "hard" evidence
C) Complexity
D) The specificity principle

Question 12

1-20 Adrianna says,"Next,we will discuss the steps to become certified and remain certified in CPR: enroll in the course,attend the course,and keep your certification up to date by taking the course again." This is an example of a(n)_____.

A) initial preview
B) internal preview
C) internal summary
D) final summary

Question 13

1-13 In her speech on gardening,Elvira noted that she planted like vegetables together,based on the idea that "foods that grow together go together." By pointing out where she planted each vegetable,Elvira used which organizational pattern for her speech?

A) Chronological
B) Problem-solution
C) Topical
D) Spatial

Question 14

1-11 Laverne makes the claim in her persuasive speech that unregulated cars in major urban areas contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer,and depletion of the ozone layer contributes to global warming.Which type of organizational pattern is reflected in this example?

A) Cause-effect
B) Topical
C) Problem-solution
D) Spatial

Question 15

1-16 For your persuasive speech on assisted suicide,you decide to first provide a hypothetical example of a terminally ill patient who requested assistance with bringing about his own death,then to talk about the current state of the laws covering assisted suicide.Which organizational strategy does this plan reflect?

A) Complexity
B) Specificity
C) Primacy
D) "Soft" to "hard" evidence

Question 16

1-5 What type of organizational pattern is reflected in these main points? I.As a young child,J.R.R.Tolkien and his young cousins invented a language called Nebosh. II.As a college student,J.R.R.Tolkien invented several languages influenced by Welsh and Finnish. III.By the time he published the works of fiction for which he is famous,J.R.R.Tolkien had invented a number of Elvish languages.

A) Chronological
B) Spatial
C) Topical
D) Problem-solution

Question 17

1-1 If you want to inform an audience about three equally "risky" behaviors related to contracting HIV,which organizational pattern would work best?

A) Spatial
B) Topical
C) Chronological
D) Problem-solution

Question 18

1-19 In Daryl's speech on football,he tells the audience in the introduction that he is going to discuss the history of the sport,some of the rules,and the benefits of playing football on cardiovascular fitness.What type of signpost is Daryl demonstrating?

A) A transition
B) An initial preview
C) An internal summary
D) A final summary
E) An external summary

Question 19

1-8 An arrangement of ideas from the most important to the least important or from strongest to weakest is called__________.

A) recency
B) primacy
C) complexity
D) specificity

Question 20

1-9 Maxine develops a speech in which her main ideas include the following: I.Fuel emissions from cars result in pollution. II.Driving alternative fuel vehicles will help decrease the pollution. What type of organizational pattern is Maxine using?

A) Topical
B) Chronological
C) Spatial
D) Problem-solution

Question 21

1-33 In the opening to her speech about eating disorders,Sheila told the story of her friend who almost died of anorexia.In her conclusion,she reminded her audience of what all her friend went through and explained that her friend was currently doing well in her battle against the disease.What strategy did Sheila use?

A) She provided closure to her presentation.
B) She referred to the occasion.
C) She issued a challenge to her audience.
D) She urged her audience to take action.

Question 22

1-28 Before moving to your next point in your presentation you say,"We have discussed what sleep deprivation is and why it can be a problem for college students." This is an example of a(n)_____.

A) internal preview
B) internal summary
C) initial preview
D) final summary

Question 23

1-21 Words or phrases such as "next," "finally," "in conclusion," "first," "second," "in addition," are referred to as _____.

A) internal summaries
B) internal previews
C) verbal transitions
D) nonverbal transitions

Question 24

1-31 In Ted's speech on surfing,he is trying to decide whether or not to tell the audience in his introduction that he has been a surfer since he was just a kid.He wonders if this will help or hurt his credibility.What advice from your book applies here?

A) Ted should avoid describing his experience with the topic because he will appear to be a "know-it-all" and will sound condescending to his audience.
B) Ted should give a brief,credibility-building explanation of his experience with the topic.
C) Ted should give a full explanation of his experience with the topic,including when he started surfing,how many years he's surfed,how often he surfs,etc.
D) For the sake of suspense,Ted should wait until his conclusion to describe his surfing experience.

Question 25

1-30 You have gained your audience's attention,introduced your speech topic,previewed your main points,and given your audience a reason to listen to your speech.Next you transition into your first point.What have you left out of this speech introduction?

A) Nothing;you have included all of the necessary elements of an effective introduction.
B) You have overlooked the preview statement.
C) You have not established your credibility
D) You have not included your specific purpose.

Question 26

1-35 What aspect of standard outlining procedure is NOT CORRECT in the following example? 1.The Ironman Triathlon includes three competitive events. 1.Competitors must swim five miles. 2.Competitors bicycle for 101 miles. 3.Competitors run for over 26 miles. 2.Ironman competitions are held in many different locations in the U.S. 1.Competitions are held in Atlanta. 2.Two competitions are in New York City. 3.Honolulu hosts a competition in November.

A) The use of standard numbering.
B) The use of at least two subdivisions.
C) The use of complete sentences.
D) The use of logical divisions of an idea.

Question 27

1-38 Which guideline is NOT true for using note cards successfully?

A) You should plan your note cards according to logical blocks of material.
B) You should number your note cards.
C) Your note cards can include delivery cues.
D) You should write out your entire introduction and conclusion.
E) You should write only on one side of your notecards.

Question 28

1-32 Meg is about to finish her speech and she wants to signal to the audience that the presentation is concluding.How might she do that?

A) Provide complexity
B) Provide recency
C) Provide primacy
D) Provide closure

Question 29

1-37 "Every I should have a II,and every A should have a B," is related to the principle of outlining concerned with _____.

A) making headings parallel
B) subdivisions
C) standard numbering
D) using correct indentation

Question 30

1-25 As Jerome reached his third and final point of his speech,he paused dramatically and moved about three feet toward his left before continuing.This example describes Jerome using a(n)_____.

A) nonverbal transition
B) verbal transition
C) internal preview
D) final summary

Question 31

1-29 A speech introduction that begins with,"Did you know that a light bulb has been invented that will last ten times as long as the ones we use today,but the government won't let it be marketed to the public?" is employing a device known as a(n)_____.

A) startling fact
B) reference to a historical event
C) personal reference
D) illustration

Question 32

1-34 In his speech about registering to vote,Dan explains the new legislation that allows voter registration to coincide with driver's license renewal.He concludes the speech by stating that any person who is not registered should go by several locations that he has listed on the chalkboard and register in time for the next election.Finally,Dan reiterates,"Everyone please register to vote;it's your right and your duty as a citizen." What aspect of effective conclusions has Dan used?

A) A personal reference to his own experience
B) A challenge to the audience
C) Motivating the audience to respond
D) An effective summary of main points in a speech

Question 33

1-24 In a speech,Rebecca said: "Thus,you should now understand the three most recommended methods for enhancing your ability to recall people's names: the repetition method,the word-association method,and the visual imagery method.I hope that you will put these methods into practice and that you will remember my name the next time you see me in the hall.Thank you." What device is Rebecca making use of in her speech?

A) A transition
B) A preview statement
C) An internal summary
D) A final summary

Question 34

1-23 A verbal or nonverbal signal that indicates you are moving from one idea to the next is known as a _____.

A) preview
B) summary
C) signpost
D) delivery cue

Question 35

1-36 How do the three subpoints in the following outline violate standard outlining form? A.The current status of our blood supply creates a bleak picture. 1.There is a serious depletion of blood bank supplies. 2.Potential donors have quit donating blood. 3.Contaminated blood.

A) The subpoints in the outline are not all grammatically parallel.
B) The subpoints in the outline do not follow correct indentation standards.
C) The subpoints in the outline are not logically divided.
D) Only Roman numerals should appear in outlines,not Arabic numbers.

Question 36

1-22 The statement,"Today I am going to explain to you the reasons why stretching your muscles is important during exercise,how to stretch,and what to avoid when you stretch," is an example of a(n)_____.

A) final summary
B) startling introductory device
C) specific purpose statement
D) initial preview

Question 37

1-39 Reminders such as "Louder," "Gesture," "Slow down," written on the delivery outline in a different color of ink are known as _____.

A) signposts
B) delivery cues
C) nonverbal transitions
D) delivery procedures

Question 38

1-40 When appropriately adapting messages to others,Principle Five suggests that you _____.

A) use the introduction of your presentation to establish credibility
B) introduce your topic and preview your main ideas in your introduction
C) add delivery cues and reminders to your final speaking notes
D) consider cultural differences in the organization of speakers from other cultures as you listen to different presentations
E) use your introduction and conclusion to adapt your presentation to your audience

Question 39

1-27 After doing a survey of his class,Ryan decided his discussion of Tesla's death ray device would be difficult for his audience to follow.One of the ways he adapted to this was to paraphrase and repeat vital information at the end of each main point.What device was Ryan using in his speech?

A) Internal summary
B) Transition
C) Preview
D) Final summary

Question 40

1-26 A facial express,a pause,a change in vocal pitch or speaking rate,or a movement that signals movement from one idea to another is a(n)______.

A) initial preview
B) nonverbal transition
C) verbal transition
D) summary

Question 41

2-13 The very first thing you should do in your speech is give the initial preview.

Question 42

2-12 If you have used internal summaries in your speech,it is not a good idea to also use a final summary.

Question 43

2-11 Phrases like "In addition," "In other words," and "In summary" are examples of verbal transitions.

Question 44

2-18 Having the preparation outline ready means that you are prepared to deliver the speech.

Question 45

2-3 When you organize a speech by explaining the steps of a process in terms of what occurs first,second,third,and so on,you are using a chronological organizational pattern.

Question 46

2-9 An initial preview is usually given with or near the central idea..

Question 47

2-5 If you are speaking to a hostile audience and you begin with a main point that you know will be something they will agree with,you are making use of the primacy principle.

Question 48

2-8 A speaker who discusses the consequences of binge drinking,then the contributing factors,is using a problem-solution pattern of organization.

Question 49

2-16 The sense that a presentation is finished is called recency.

Question 50

2-7 Describing the parts of a golf club from top to bottom is an example of a spatial pattern of arrangement.

Question 51

2-17 Do not refer back to the introduction in your conclusion;that only bores the audience.

Question 52

2-4 The idea that you have saved your best point to be used as your last point illustrates the theory of primacy.

Question 53

2-19 According to the rules of subdivision,if you have an A on an outline,then you need a B.

Question 54

2-20 It is a good idea for Enrique to include his purpose statement on his speaking notes.

Question 55

2-2 Organizing your points by putting the most important one first is using the principle of primacy.

Question 56

2-10 Using both an internal preview and an internal summary is probably too redundant for most audiences and should only be used in very long speeches.

Question 57

2-14 Trustworthiness is one of the considerations in the introduction of your speech.

Question 58

2-15 During the conclusion,it is not advised to reemphasize the central idea.

Question 59

2-6 When you support a main point by beginning with the complex ideas and moving to the more simple ones,you are using the complexity principle.

Question 60

2-1 If your main points discuss something that needs to be changed,then offers a plan for changing it,they are organized with a topical pattern of organization.

Question 61

4-10 Words such as "louder" and "slow down" written on your note cards are known as _____ .

Question 62

4-3 When you arrange your ideas from the least to the most important,you are using the principle of _____.

Question 63

4-1 Gary planned to discuss the medieval weapons by describing three types of swords used during that period.If he discusses each type of sword as a main point,he would be using a(n)_____ organizational pattern.

Question 64

4-7 A speech that discusses the low percentage of voters turning out for the past local election and then moves on to suggest the possibility of Internet voting is using the organizational pattern of _____.

Question 65

3-1 Briefly define the cause-effect organizational pattern.

Question 66

3-9 Name the aspects your book mentions regarding the use of a standard outline format.

Question 67

3-5 Give three recommendations for gaining the audience's attention.

Question 68

3-4 What are nonverbal transitions?

Question 69

4-5 Developing a point by moving from the simplest ideas to the most complicated ideas utilizes the principle of _____.

Question 70

3-10 Why should note cards be used rather than paper for speaking notes?

Question 71

3-2 Briefly explain the cause-effect and problem-solution organization patterns.

Question 72

6-1 You have been asked to give a speech describing your college campus.Write main points (either phrases or full sentences)for both a topical and a spatial organizational pattern.

Question 73

4-4 The method of arranging ideas from the strongest or least controversial to the weakest or most controversial utilizes the principle of _____.

Question 74

4-8 In his speech,Paul told a hypothetical story illustrating what life was like during the Civil War.This story would be an example of _____ evidence.

Question 75

3-7 Briefly explain the notion of credibility as it applies to public speaking.

Question 76

4-6 The _____ organizational pattern uses main points that are discussed in order as they appear by location or position.

Question 77

3-8 What should a conclusion accomplish?

Question 78

3-6 What should an introduction accomplish?

Question 79

3-3 Explain the principle of specificity.

Question 80

4-2 When you select and organize the main points of speech according to the sequence of events in which they occur,you are using a(n)_____ organization pattern.