Deck 10: Nonexperimental Research: Qualitative Methods

Question 1

Which of the following is better to use?

A) primary sources
B) secondary sources
C) they are both equal in value
D) don't use either

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements about qualitative research would be considered false?

A) It allows the researcher to answer different types of questions than quantitative research does.
B) It is much less complex than quantitative research because numbers are not extensively involved.
C) It is often descriptive in nature.
D) Many different types of sources can be utilized in qualitative research.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following questions would NOT be considered to be an external criticism?

A) "Was this document written when claimed?"
B) "Was this document found where one might expect it?"
C) "Do the numbers listed in this document seem plausible based on other sources?"
D) "Is this document truly written by the person it appears to be written by?"

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is another term for accuracy?

A) authenticity
B) secondary
C) internal criticism
D) validity

Question 5

What type of research is sometimes called "research without the numbers"?

A) quantitative
B) qualitative
C) experimental
D) correlational

Question 6

The fifth step in conducting historical research is ______________________________.

A) evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) integrating data

Question 7

What "objects" are open to interpretation?

A) archival records
B) focus groups
C) interviews
D) physical artifacts

Question 8

What is another term for historical research?

A) histology
B) historiography
C) histonomy
D) theory analysis

Question 9

What are original artifacts considered?
a) secondary sources
b) tertiary sources
c) primary sources
d) not used in historiography

Question 10

What is data that is derived from sources at least once removed from the original event?

A) secondary sources
B) global sources
C) primary sources
D) informal sources

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a qualitative computer research tool?

A) N6
B) SPSS
C) NVivo
D) HyperSEARCH

Question 12

What is the first step in conducting historical research?

A) evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) integrating data

Question 13

What is another term for "authenticity"?

A) accuracy
B) validity
C) reliability
D) generalizability

Question 14

The fourth step in conducting historical research is ___________________________.

A) evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) integrating data

Question 15

Which is a method used to study an individual as intensely as possible?

A) case study
B) ethnography
C) histography
D) correlation

Question 16

Which would NOT be considered a source of information for qualitative research?

A) tests
B) records
C) observation
D) interviews

Question 17

What is the second step in conducting historical research?

A) evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) integrating data

Question 18

How would you describe an ethnography?

A) intense look at an individual
B) explores a culture
C) looks at history
D) looks at relationships between two things

Question 19

What is the criteria of authenticity also known as?

A) validity checks
B) external criticism
C) internal criticism
D) accuracy

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of participant observation?

A) It is time-consuming.
B) There is a risk of interfering with the natural process.
C) It is a primary method used in historical research.
D) It is a primary method used in ethnography.

Question 21

What is the third step in conducting historical research?

A) evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) gathering data

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ethnographic research?

A) Ethnographers tend to examine the group or phenomenon as a whole, rather than the sum of its parts.
B) Ethnographers often use participant observation.
C) Ethnographers develop a research question prior to initiating their research methods just as empirical researchers do.
D) Ethnography is typically very time-consuming.

Question 23

External criticism, as applied to historical data, is concerned with the _______________ of the data.

A) carbon dating
B) accuracy
C) authenticity
D) ethnography

Question 24

What is one of the limitations of the case-study method?

A) cause-and-effect links cannot be established
B) provides more breadth than depth
C) only one technique is used to gather data
D) focus is placed upon several individuals at a time

Question 25

Which type of research has only one subject?

A) correlational
B) case study
C) experimental
D) quasi-experimental

Question 26

In what situation would the researcher be adjacent to the environment, but NOT actively involved in the process being studied?

A) a focus group
B) participant observation
C) direct observation
D) an interview

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of the case study method?

A) It only reflects one reality, and that one may reflect researcher bias
B) Generalizability of the findings is limited.
C) It cannot establish cause-and-effect links.
D) It provides a rich account of what is occurring.

Question 28

What are the differences between primary and secondary sources?

Question 29

What are some of the limitations of historical research?

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a case study?

A) It allows close examination of greatly detailed data.
B) It provides a rich account of what is being studied.
C) It is a quick method of obtaining information.
D) Several different types of techniques can be used to obtain data.

Question 31

You have a diary thought to be written by a confederate soldier during the Civil War. A handwriting expert believes the writing matches other samples that have already been traced to this man. A carbon-dating expert can verify the age of the document. The diary gives an account of a battle, but you have other documents that contradict some of the events as written. Based on this information, what should you question about the diary?

A) authenticity
B) accuracy
C) validity
D) ability to pass a test of external criticism

Question 32

Name two types of questions used in interviews and give examples of both.

Question 33

Describe the difference between direct and participant observation.

Question 34

The last step in conducting historical research is __________________.

A) interpreting the results
B) formulating a hypothesis
C) defining a topic or problem
D) gathering data

Question 35

How might case studies be superior to other methods of research?

A) They capitalize on random selection of subjects.
B) They provide good opportunity for generalization.
C) They use powerful statistical procedures.
D) They allow for very detailed examinations of data.

Question 36

Why is it important to understand the history of a phenomenon?

Question 37

Which is NOT a main function of focus groups?

A) generating insight into previously misunderstood topics
B) in-depth information gathering on one participant
C) understanding how group members arrive at their conclusions
D) encouraging group interaction

Question 38

Which of the following is an example of a secondary source?

A) a photograph
B) a newspaper story describing an event
C) a contract
D) tools