Deck 1: Information Systems in Perspective

Question 1

Both system software and application software are needed for all types of computers,from small handheld computers to large supercomputers.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Information is simply a collection of raw facts such as an employee number or the total hours worked in a week.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Augmented reality is a new form of virtual reality that enables a user to become fully immersed in an artificial,computer-generated 3D world.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

An intranet is a network based on Web technologies that allows selected outsiders,such as business partners and customers,to access authorized resources of a company's extranet.

Question 5

Some successful stock,options,and futures traders use expert systems to spot trends and improve the profitability of their investments.

Question 6

The unique value of learning systems is that they allow organizations to capture and use the wisdom of experts and specialists.

Question 7

Using a computer to forecast future sales and order more inventory before a shortage can occur is an example of information system feedback.

Question 8

Electronic business (e-business)goes beyond e-commerce and e-procurement by using information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions.

Question 9

Information and data are essentially the same thing.

Question 10

Providing information to customers can help companies increase revenues and profits.

Question 11

Information about the documents on the Web and access to these documents are controlled and provided by tens of thousands of special computers called Web servers.

Question 12

Mobile commerce (m-commerce)is the use of mobile,wireless devices to place orders and conduct business.

Question 13

The World Wide Web (WWW)is a network of links on the Internet to documents containing text,graphics,video,and sound.

Question 14

Global opportunities introduce numerous obstacles and issues,including challenges involving culture and language.

Question 15

A management information system (MIS)typically provides standard reports generated with data and information from a transaction processing system (TPS)or enterprise resource planning (ERP)system.

Question 16

A decision support system (DSS)is an organized collection of people,procedures,software,databases,and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.

Question 17

Application software,such as Microsoft Windows,manages basic computer operations such as start-up.

Question 18

Despite being technologically advanced,e-commerce offers few advantages for streamlining work activities.

Question 19

The technology infrastructure is a set of shared IS resources that form the foundation of each computer-based information system.

Question 20

While all types of personal computers have their own advantages and disadvantages,many people favor the mobility,functionality,and cost associated with tablet computers.

Question 21

_____ involves using information systems and the Internet to acquire parts and supplies.

A) A transaction processing system (TPS)
B) Electronic business (e-business)
C) Mobile commerce (m-commerce)
D) Electronic procurement (e-procurement)

Question 22

The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires ______.

A) an information system
B) intelligence
C) knowledge
D) intuition

Question 23

_____ is a network based on Web technologies that allows only selected outsiders,such as business partners and customers,to access authorized resources of a company's intranet.

A) The Internet
B) A blog
C) A database
D) An extranet

Question 24

In information systems,_____ is information from a system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.

A) a program
B) feedback
C) an output
D) software

Question 25

_____ are considered to be the most important element in a computer-based information system.

A) Hardware
B) Software
C) Procedures
D) People

Question 26

The senior IS managers are responsible for the day to day running of IS hardware to process an organization's information systems workload.

Question 27

______ are people who create,use,and disseminate knowledge and are usually professionals in science,engineering,business,and other areas.

A) Systems analysts
B) Knowledge workers
C) Database administrators
D) End users

Question 28

Employers often search the Internet to find information about potential employees before they make hiring decisions.

Question 29

Quality information that can be used for a variety of purposes is said to be _____.

A) flexible
B) economical
C) relevant
D) verifiable

Question 30

An organization can have only one value chain.

Question 31

Typically,highly competitive industries are characterized by high degrees of product differentiation.

Question 32

A(n)_____ is a set of interrelated components that collect,manipulate,store,and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.

A) database management system (DBMS)
B) electronic commerce (e-commerce)system
C) information system (IS)
D) decision support system (DSS)

Question 33

The number of H-1B visas offered annually can be political and controversial.

Question 34

Introducing new products and services periodically or frequently helps a firm gain competitive advantage.

Question 35

A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,procedures,software,databases,and devices that support problem-specific decision making.

A) problem solving system
B) expert system
C) decision support system
D) knowledge base

Question 36

_____ consists of computer programs that govern the operation of a computer.

A) Hardware
B) Software
C) A server
D) The Internet

Question 37

The time value of money is one of the factors taken into account for the calculation of payback period.

Question 38

The more consumers can obtain similar products and services that satisfy their needs,the less likely firms are to try to establish competitive advantage.

Question 39

The shorter the payback period,the more attractive is the project.

Question 40

Organizational change can be caused by internal factors as well as external factors.

Question 41

The technology used to create the Internet is also being applied within companies and organizations to create _____,which allow people in an organization to exchange information and work on projects.

Question 42

_____ is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to recognize and act on patterns or trends.

A) Vision systems
B) Neural networks
C) Robotic systems
D) Natural language processing

Question 43

_____ involves any business transaction executed electronically between companies (business-to-business,or B2B),companies and consumers (business-to-consumer,or B2C),consumers and other consumers (consumer-to-consumer,or C2C),business and the public sector,and consumers and the public sector.

Question 44

A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,procedures,software,databases,and devices used to perform and record business deals.

A) decision support system (DSS)
B) management information system (MIS)
C) enterprise resource planning (ERP)system
D) transaction processing system (TPS)

Question 45

The goal of the _____ step of systems development is to gain a clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed.

A) systems analysis
B) systems investigation
C) systems design
D) systems implementation

Question 46

A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,procedures,software,databases,and devices that stores and retrieves knowledge,improves collaboration,locates knowledge sources,captures and uses knowledge.

A) artificial intelligence system
B) expert knowledge system
C) virtual reality system
D) knowledge management system

Question 47

Predicting future events to avoid problems is called _____.

Question 48

The _____ visa program allows skilled employees from foreign lands into the United States.

A) H-1B
B) L-1B
C) B-1
D) V-1A

Question 49

_____ deals with how firms successfully plan for and implement reforms.

A) Forecasting
B) Transaction processing
C) Systems development
D) Organizational change

Question 50

The _____ is the world's largest computer network,consisting of thousands of interconnected networks,all freely exchanging information.

Question 51

The _____ of an investment makes the net present value of all cash flows (benefits and costs)generated by a project equal to zero.

A) payback period
B) earnings growth
C) time value of money
D) internal rate of return

Question 52

In some cases,inaccurate information is generated because inaccurate data is fed into the transformation process.This is commonly called _____.

A) last in,first out (LIFO)
B) garbage in,garbage out (GIGO)
C) first in,first out (FIFO)
D) first in,never out (FINO)

Question 53

A(n)_____ can replace many applications with one unified set of programs,making the system easier to use and more effective.

A) transaction processing system
B) enterprise resource planning system
C) e-commerce system
D) decision support system

Question 54

Michael Porter proposed a now widely accepted competitive forces model that includes _____ forces.

A) three
B) four
C) five
D) six

Question 55

In information systems,_____ means converting or transforming data into useful outputs.

Question 56

Hiring an outside company to perform some or all of a systems development project is called _____

A) virtual reality
B) telecommuting
C) systems investigation
D) outsourcing

Question 57

_____ is a strategy for gaining competitive advantage wherein a company strives to deliver distinct products and services.

A) Cost leadership
B) Differentiation
C) Niche strategy
D) Structure alteration

Question 58

The _____ is the number of years required to recover the initial cost of an investment.

A) cash flow
B) payback period
C) internal rate duration
D) time value point

Question 59

_____ is responsible for implementing a new information systems required to support an organization's existing and future business needs.

A) An operations group
B) A development group
C) A support group
D) The chief technology officer

Question 60

An agreement between two or more companies that involves the joint introduction and distribution of goods and services is called ______.

A) niche alliance
B) cost leadership
C) strategic partnership
D) differentiation partnership

Question 61

_____ is a process for testing skills and knowledge resulting in an endorsement by the certifying authority that an individual is capable of performing particular tasks or jobs.

Question 62

A(n)_____ is a significant and ideally long-term benefit to a company over its competition,and can result in higher-quality products,better customer service,and lower costs.

Question 63

_____ is a theory that proposes that every organizational system is made up of four main components-people,tasks,structure,and technology-with an interaction among the four components so that any change in one of these elements will necessitate a change in the other three elements.

Question 64

The collection of rules,procedures,and relationships that must be followed by an expert system to achieve value or the proper outcome is contained in the expert system's _____.

Question 65

_____ allow computers to learn from past mistakes or experiences,such as playing games or making business decisions.

Question 66

_____ is the activity of creating or modifying information systems.

Question 67

A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,processes,software,databases,and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.

Question 68

_____ is a newer form of virtual reality that has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos or images.

Question 69

The _____ is a theory developed by E.M.Rogers to explain how a new idea or product gains acceptance and diffuses (or spreads)through a specific population or subset of an organization.

Question 70

_____ is a strategy by which an organization determinedly and systematically gathers,organizes,stores,analyzes,and shares its collective knowledge and experience.

Question 71

An approach to work called _____ enables people to work from home or while traveling.

Question 72

One of the factors that can lead to attaining a competitive advantage is the _____ among existing competitors.

Question 73

The primary benefits of implementing an _____ system include easing adoption of improved work processes and increasing access to timely data for decision making.

Question 74

Workers in many organizations operate in a(n)_____ environment in which software and data storage are provided by the Internet;the services are run on another organization's computer hardware,and both software and data are easily accessed.

Question 75

The internal rate of return of an investment is the rate of return that makes the net present value of all _____ cash flows (benefits and costs)generated by a project equal to zero.

Question 76

In a manufacturing organization,the _____ is a key value chain whose primary activities include inbound logistics,operations,outbound logistics,marketing and sales,and service.

Question 77

The _____ phase of systems development involves installing a new system into the actual production computer environment in which it is expected to run and resolving any problems uncovered in integration and testing.

Question 78

_____ results in enhancements to existing products,services,and ways of operating and enables an organization to continually increase profits,lower costs,and gain market share.

Question 79

The use of mobile,wireless devices to place orders and conduct business is called _____.

Question 80

The _____ takes into account the fact that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar paid in the future.