Deck 2: Hardware and Software

Question 1

Individuals and organizations can use the open-source Linux code to create their own distribution of Linux.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A multicore microprocessor combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so that they can share the workload and boost processing capacity.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

​As the difference among computer manufacturers in the arenas of price and performance narrows,support for green computing is emerging as a new business strategy for these companies to distinguish themselves from the competition.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

An operating system with multiuser capabilities allows two or more users to run programs at the same time on the same computer.

Question 5

Compared to secondary storage,main memory offers the advantages of non-volatility,greater capacity,and greater economy.

Question 6

When making hardware decisions,the overriding considerations of a business should be technology cost.

Question 7

RAM stands for random access memory,a form of memory that holds its contents even if the current is turned off or disrupted.

Question 8

Application software is a set of programs designed to coordinate the activities and functions of the hardware and various programs throughout the computer system.

Question 9

The components responsible for processing-the central processing unit (CPU)and memory-are housed together in the same box or cabinet,called the system unit.

Question 10

The ability to process (organize and manipulate)data is a small aspect of a computer system.

Question 11

Because of the electromechanical processes involved in using primary storage,it is considerably slower than secondary storage.

Question 12

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED)monitors use less power than light-emitting diode (LED)monitors.

Question 13

To run,applications request services from the operating system through a defined application program interface (API).

Question 14

With the redundant array of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID)approach,data can be split and stored on different physical disk drives using a technique called mirroring to evenly distribute the data.

Question 15

Disk mirroring is a method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data,allowing the system to create a "reconstruction map" so that if a hard drive fails,it can rebuild lost data.

Question 16

Optical mark recognition (OMR)is a technology from the 1950s still used to speed up the processing of checks.

Question 17

Information systems that operate within the workgroup sphere of influence support a firm in its interaction with customers,suppliers,shareholders,competitors,special-interest groups,the financial community,and government agencies.

Question 18

The clock speed of a central processing unit (CPU)is independent of machine cycle time.

Question 19

The operating system controls how memory is accessed and maximizes available memory and storage.

Question 20

The overall trend in secondary storage is toward use of indirect access methods and increased volatility.

Question 21

Today,programmers often use visual and object-oriented languages to write new business applications.

Question 22

_____ is the use of a collection of computers,often owned by many people or different organizations,to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.

A) Cloud computing
B) Grid computing
C) Parallel computing
D) Utility computing

Question 23

_____ are used in standardized tests,including the SAT and GMAT tests,and to record votes in elections.

A) Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)devices
B) Optical character recognition (OCR)systems
C) Optical mark recognition (OMR)systems
D) Speech recognition devices

Question 24

The _____ is the part of the central processing unit (CPU)that sequentially accesses program instructions,decodes them,and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU).

A) register unit
B) primary unit
C) control unit
D) main memory unit

Question 25

There are Web-based productivity software suites that require no installation on the computer.

Question 26

A type of memory that loses its contents if the power is turned off is said to be _____.

A) multicore
B) arbitrary
C) assessable
D) volatile

Question 27

_____ is a storage technology for less frequently needed data so that it appears to be stored entirely on tape cartridges,although some parts may be stored on faster hard disks.

A) Virtual tape
B) Compact disc
C) Magnetic tape
D) Cache memory

Question 28

Which of the following types of flat-panel displays uses electricity to excite gas atoms to light up appropriate phosphors on the screen to emit light and color?

A) Quantum
B) Plasma
C) Light-emitting diode (LED)
D) Liquid crystal display (LCD)

Question 29

Application software applies the power of a computer to give individuals,workgroups,and the entire enterprise the ability to solve problems and perform specific tasks.

Question 30

Middleware is software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data.

Question 31

Cloud computing refers to the use of computing resources,including software and data storage,on local computers.

Question 32

_____ is a technology that employs a microchip with an antenna to broadcast its unique identifier and location to receivers.

A) Point-of-sale device
B) Motion-sensing input device
C) Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
D) Radio frequency identification

Question 33

Software as a Service (SaaS)allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered application software by paying a monthly service charge or a per use fee.

Question 34

Utility programs help to perform maintenance,correct problems,merge and sort sets of data,keep track of computer jobs,and compress files of data.

Question 35

A software suite is a collection of programs packaged together as a bundle and typically includes a word processor,spreadsheet program,graphics program,and more.

Question 36

A _____ contains an embedded chip that only needs to be held close to a terminal to transfer its data;no PIN number needs to be entered.

A) smart card
B) chip-and-PIN card
C) contactless payment card
D) magnetic stripe card

Question 37

The Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD)is an advanced _____ technology still in the development stage and is the same size and shape as a regular digital video disc (DVD)but can hold 1 terabyte (or more)of information.

A) virtual tape
B) magnetic disc
C) fiber optics
D) optical disc

Question 38

Which of the following is a primary element of the central processing unit (CPU)?

A) Blade servers
B) Motherboards
C) Storage registers
D) Data centers

Question 39

Most software products are free from copyright or licensing provisions and allows copying of software.

Question 40

Software upgrades vary widely in the benefits that they provide,and what some people call a benefit others might call a drawback.

Question 41

A _____ displays icons and menus that people use to send commands to a computer system.

A) command-based user interface
B) graphical user interface
C) natural user interface
D) multitouch interface

Question 42

One of the disadvantages of proprietary software is that:

A) it is hard to control results even if one is involved in the development of software.
B) it is difficult to achieve what is required in terms of features and reports.
C) it does not allow modification of features
That one might need to counteract an initiative by competitors.
D) it can take a long time and significant resources to develop the required software features.

Question 43

Each central processing unit (CPU)produces a series of electronic pulses at a predetermined rate,called the ______,which affects machine cycle time.

Question 44

_____ are sets of keywords,symbols,and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.

A) Computing languages
B) Networking languages
C) Command languages
D) Programming languages

Question 45

Many organizations are turning to _____,a set of integrated programs that manages a company's vital business operations for an entire multisite,global organization.

A) software suite
B) workgroup information system software
C) enterprise resource planning software
D) cloud computing

Question 46

Operating systems use _____ techniques to increase the amount of processing that can be accomplished in a given amount of time.

A) task management
B) file management
C) user interface
D) networking capability

Question 47

_____ are high-speed storage areas used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before,during,and after execution by the central processing unit (CPU).

Question 48

An operating system with _____ capabilities allows a user to run more than one program concurrently.

A) networking
B) multitasking
C) memory management
D) hardware independence

Question 49

A _____ is a defect in a computer program that keeps it from performing as its users expect it to perform.

A) software bug
B) glitch
C) piracy
D) faulty upgrade

Question 50

______ is a Web-delivered software application that combines hardware resources of the Web server and PC to deliver valuable software services through a Web browser interface.

A) Cloud computing
B) Grid computing
C) Rich Internet application
D) User application

Question 51

Programmers use _____ to create application software without understanding the inner workings of an operating system as it provides a software-to-software interface,not an end user interface.

A) graphical user interface
B) natural user interface
C) command-based user interface
D) application program interface

Question 52

The _____ holds program instructions and data,is closely associated with the central processing unit (CPU).

Question 53

_____ is a powerful operating system originally developed by AT&T for use on minicomputers but now runs on workstations,servers,and mainframe computers.

A) z/OS
B) Unix
C) AIX
D) Linux

Question 54

_____ is concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design,manufacture,operation,and disposal of IS-related products,including all types of computers,printers,and printer materials such as cartridges and toner.

A) Recyclable computing
B) Sustainable computing
C) Renewable computing
D) Green computing

Question 55

The _____ unit of the central processing unit (CPU)performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.

Question 56

Which of the following statements is true of embedded operating systems?

A) They represent a small,niche market.
B) They are used in a narrow range of applications.
C) They are dedicated to the control of another device.
D) They mainly determine the functionality of smartphones solely.

Question 57

_____ are the most powerful computers with the fastest processing speed and highest performance.

A) Blade servers
B) Workstations
C) Mainframe computers
D) Supercomputers

Question 58

_____ means that data must be accessed in the order in which it is stored.

Question 59

One advantage of proprietary software versus off-the-shelf software is that _____.

A) the initial cost is lower
B) the software is likely to meet the basic business needs that are common across organizations
C) the software is likely to be of high quality because many customer firms have tested the software and helped identify its bugs
D) the software provides a company a competitive advantage by solving problems in a unique manner

Question 60

A _____ is a single user,nonportable computer designed to perform engineering,computer-assisted design (CAD),and heavy mathematical computing.

A) workstation
B) netbook
C) register
D) notebook

Question 61

The clock speed for personal computers is measured in the range of multiple _____.

Question 62

______ is an arrangement that allows Mac users to set up their computer to run both Windows and Mac OS X and select which platform they want to work with when they boot their computer.

Question 63

_____ is software that is mass produced by software vendors to address needs that are common across business,organizations,or individuals.

Question 64

_____ allows different threads of a single program to run concurrently.

Question 65

A(n)_____ is a set of physical connections (such as cables and printed circuits)that can be shared by multiple hardware components so they can communicate with one another.

Question 66

The software associated with a virtual tape system is sometimes called a(n)_____.

Question 67

_____ are portable,lightweight personal computers that can come with or without a keyboard and allow a user to roam the office,home,or factory floor carrying the device like a clipboard.

Question 68

The digital media equivalent of a conventional printed book is called a(n)_____.

Question 69

_____ is a Linux-based operating system for netbooks and nettops,which are notebooks and desktop PCs primarily used to access Web based information and services such as email,Web browsing,social networks,and Google online applications.

Question 70

The scope of the problems and opportunities addressed by a particular organization is called its ______.

Question 71

_____ is a data storage model in which a data storage service provider rents space to people and organizations.

Question 72

A(n)_____ is a dot of color on a photo image or a point of light on a display screen.

Question 73

A(n)_____ is an inexpensive desktop computer designed to be smaller and lighter,and consume much less power than a traditional desktop computer.

Question 74

Eight bits together form a _____.
​

Question 75

_____ systems are usually designed for a specific purpose in a specific device,are usually proprietary or custom-created and owned by the manufacturer.

Question 76

_____ describes program functions to help a user operate a computer system.

Question 77

A(n)_____ is a climate-and-access-controlled building or a set of buildings that houses the computer hardware that delivers an organization's data and information services.

Question 78

_____ is a mobile operating system from Google frequently found in smartphones.

Question 79

A(n)_____ uses modular application services to allow users to interact with systems and systems to interact with each other.

Question 80

The simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results faster is known as _____.