Deck 16: Religion

Question 1

For many Canadians,winning the Olympics is an event that makes them feel ecstatic and like they are part of something much bigger than their individual selves.From a Durkheimian perspective,which of the following terms best reflects this feeling?

A) false consciousness
B) ritual collectiveness
C) collective effervescence
D) conscious congregation

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What did Durkheim call objects that represent the sacred?

A) totems
B) animas
C) ciphers
D) symbols

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Damien drinks a glass of red wine every night after he finishes his dinner.What would Durkheim consider his wine to be an example of?

A) a ritual
B) the profane
C) the sacred
D) a totem

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Father Benoit blesses the baptismal water before the baptism of the Sillettis' newborn son.In Durkheimian terms,what is Father Benoit doing?

A) performing a ritual
B) redeeming the profane
C) enveloping the sacred
D) creating a totem

Question 5

What did Durkheim call public practices that people engage in that connect them with the sacred?

A) religions
B) rituals
C) totems
D) symbolism

Question 6

Many people all over the world today find that religion is relevant to increasingly fewer aspects of their lives.What does this signify?

A) that religious authority has decreased
B) that religion is irrelevant today
C) that religion is very private
D) that religious authority is untrue

Question 7

In the past,organized religion was the most important agent of socialization for children,except for the family.Today,what has replaced religion as a major and important agent of childhood socialization?

A) technology
B) the education system
C) music
D) the legal system

Question 8

How did Durkheim refer to the everyday world?

A) as sacred
B) as profane
C) as ritualistic
D) as the collective effervescence

Question 9

According to William James,what influences the content and intensity of humans' religious beliefs and the form and frequency of religious practices?

A) the need to engage in something meaningful
B) the organization of the natural world
C) human brain development and psychology
D) societal structures and people's places within them

Question 10

In the textbook,what was stated to be Canada's "national religion"?

A) hockey
B) beer
C) winter
D) nature

Question 11

Thomas and his children were visited at home by dozens of family members in the week after the death and burial of his wife Esther.What were all these people participating in?

A) Shiva
B) Rosh Hashanah
C) Yom Kippur
D) Shavuot

Question 12

Following confession at church,Edna is given a small cup of grape juice to sip from.What would Durkheim consider her juice to be an example of?

A) a ritual
B) the profane
C) the sacred
D) a totem

Question 13

What term would Durkheim use to describe what people are in touch with when they transcend everyday life in a sharing of experiences and values with a larger group of people?

A) the collective unconscious
B) false consciousness
C) collective conscience
D) totem creation

Question 14

According to William James,what is the origin of religion?

A) the human need to be comforted by a higher power
B) the human desire to find meaning and purpose in life
C) the human longing for companionship with a higher power
D) the human need to be charitable and help others find a higher power

Question 15

In Durkheimian terms,what is the Vancouver Canucks' logo?

A) a ritual
B) a totem
C) a sacrament
D) a routinization of charisma

Question 16

How did Durkheim refer to the supernatural elements of religions?

A) as sacred
B) as profane
C) as ritualistic
D) as the collective effervescence

Question 17

Among the religious,which of the following groups is most likely to report an increase in participation today?

A) members of the United Church
B) Unitarian Universalists
C) Metropolitan Community Church members
D) Evangelical Christians

Question 18

Why are sociologists uninterested in the religious claims of various religions?

A) These issues are unimportant.
B) These are psychological issues.
C) These issues have no "truths" within them.
D) These issues are not scientifically testable.

Question 19

What would Durkheim consider a wooden cross to be?

A) a ritual
B) a profane item
C) a totem
D) a collective effervescence

Question 20

Which of the following questions would sociologists of religion be most interested in discussing?

A) Is creationism true?
B) What is the nature of God?
C) Are Canadian youth religious today?
D) How valuable is evolutionary theory?

Question 21

Stan believes that it is of utmost importance to worship God by being charitable and by praying to him five times per day.According to the textbook,what religion does Stan subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam

Question 22

Darius points out to his friends that every major religion has been involved in wars.Which theory is contradicted by this fact?

A) functionalism
B) postmodernism
C) feminism
D) Marxism

Question 23

Just prior to major national sporting events,research demonstrates that the male suicide rate decreases for those days.From a Durkheimian perspective,why does this temporary decrease happen?

A) because these events increase social solidarity
B) because these events can increase the importance of totems
C) because these events can decrease false consciousness
D) because these events can decrease collective apathy

Question 24

Which of the following is responsible for making religion less responsive to the needs of its adherents,and supports inequalities?

A) the routinization of charisma
B) collective effervescence
C) the secularization thesis
D) religiosity

Question 25

Which of the following churches has women as two-thirds of its ministerial trainees?

A) the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
B) the Promise Keepers
C) the United Church of Canada
D) the Anabaptist Church

Question 26

Which theory is Durkheim's analysis of religion in society based upon?

A) symbolic interactionism
B) conflict theory
C) postmodernism
D) functionalism

Question 27

Which theorist believed that religion was the opiate of the masses?

A) Max Weber
B) Emile Durkheim
C) Thomas Hobbes
D) Karl Marx

Question 28

What did Durkheim believe was the central function of religion?

A) to ritualize the profane
B) to manifest collective unconsciousness
C) to create a collective unconsciousness
D) to reinforce social solidarity

Question 29

Which of the following best reflects a key similarity across the world's great religions?

A) They did not develop from charismatic personalities.
B) They are similar to Weber's idea of bureaucracy.
C) They preach the inevitability of social inequality.
D) They all have versions of the Protestant ethic in their teachings.

Question 30

Greg believes in the edict to "love thy neighbour" and that his personal relationship with God is highly important.According to the textbook,what religion does Greg subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

Question 31

Which of the following messages does the textbook attribute to Buddha,Jesus,Moses,and Muhammad?

A) survival of the fittest
B) liberty and equality
C) love is the path to enlightenmentd. only the body dies; the soul comes back

Question 32

What does the expression "religion is the opium of the people" mean?

A) Once people are committed to a religion, they cannot escape.
B) The satisfaction derived from participation in religion is intense.
C) The real effect of religion is due to the euphoric feeling it produces.
D) Religion calms people into accepting their fate on earth.

Question 33

According to the textbook,which of the following played an important role in the creation of Canada's universal health-care system and its social welfare network?

A) civil religion
B) the Social Gospel movement
C) New Age spirituality
D) the collective unconscious

Question 34

Which religion arose 3800 to 4000 years ago?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Judaism
D) Islam

Question 35

What would Durkheim call the situation where people engage in collective,public worship in a prescribed and orderly manner?

A) social solidarity
B) effervescence
C) false consciousness
D) a ritual

Question 36

What do we call the liberal twentieth-century movement that promotes equality between genders and is known for social activism?

A) integrationism
B) reconstructionism
C) deconstructionism
D) reformation

Question 37

Glenn does not believe in any one god but celebrates his spirituality every day through his meditation practice.According to the textbook,what religion does Glenn subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

Question 38

Ken believes in that there are many gods,which are all aspects of the one true god,and he believes in reincarnation.According to the textbook,what religion does Ken subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

Question 39

Hanne's religion,which began in India 2500 years ago,teaches that there can be a variety of religious "truths." According to the textbook,what religion does Hanne subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

Question 40

Tim believes in one true God and that justice,religious observance,righteousness,and not cheating people in acts of commerce are highly important.According to the textbook,what religion does Tim subscribe to?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

Question 41

Prince Siddhartha had spiritual questions that his wealth could not answer and so left his palace to seek answers.He found enlightenment meditating under a Bodhi tree,became the Buddha,and gave up his position as Indian ruler.Which of the following ideas does his experience contradict?

A) The wealthy have no need for spiritual life.
B) The wealthy have a deep need for a balance between a materialistic life and a spiritual one.
C) The poor are more spiritual.
D) The poor have a deep need for a balance between a materialistic life and a spiritual one.

Question 42

Who is popularly regarded as the Canadian "Father of Medicare"?

A) John A. MacDonald
B) Pierre Elliott Trudeau
C) Tommy Douglas
D) Lester B. Pearson

Question 43

Leland is the undisputed ruler of his home and the spiritual guide and breadwinner for his family.Each night,he reads parts of the Bible,which his family translates literally,and he teaches them that other types of religions are to be denounced as distractions by the Devil.What would Leland be called?

A) an alarmist
B) a fundamentalist
C) a revivalist
D) a revisionist

Question 44

What was one effect of the differentiation of worldly institutions like education from religion?

A) It made religion more applicable to the non-spiritual aspects of people's lives.
B) It caused people to look to other places for moral guidance.
C) It caused people to look increasingly at religion for moral guidance.
D) It encouraged people to remain closer to strict interpretations of religious beliefs.

Question 45

What was the average life expectancy of most people in medieval Europe?

A) 25 years
B) 35 years
C) 45 years
D) 55 years

Question 46

According to the textbook,which of the following has become a worldwide political phenomenon over the past two decades?

A) religious fundamentalism
B) religious liberalism
C) economic determinism
D) economic equilibrium

Question 47

In recent decades,how has religious belief and practice been affected in Canada?

A) They have decreased.
B) They have intensified.
C) They have stayed the same as previous decades.
D) They initially decreased, and then increased.

Question 48

Which of the following reflects the view that religious institutions,actions,and consciousness are declining in Canadian society?

A) the rationalization thesis
B) the profanity thesis
C) the secularization thesis
D) the revised secularization thesis

Question 49

Ben belongs to the religion that has experienced the most significant global revival of fundamentalism in the recent past.What religion is Ben affiliated with?

A) Hinduism
B) Islam
C) Catholicism
D) Judaism

Question 50

Which of the following terms reflects a concern with frugality,punctuality,and industry in everyday life as an avenue to a religious "state of grace"?

A) the Catholic connection
B) the Protestant ethic
C) the Islamic ethos
D) the Jewish tribute

Question 51

John believes that he will be granted entrance to Heaven as one of God's chosen if he lives simply,works hard,and saves his money.What do John's ideas reflect?

A) the Protestant ethic
B) the Catholic connection
C) the Islamic ethos
D) the Jewish tribute

Question 52

William is strongly against same-sex marriage,he opposes abortion for any reason,and he strongly believes that capital punishment should be brought back into the Canadian penal system.What type of religious person is William likely to be?

A) an alarmist
B) a revisionist
C) a revivalist
D) a fundamentalist

Question 53

Joseph and his neighbours receive a flyer advertising a community hockey game sponsored by a local church.He and the others are invited to play hockey and afterwards attend a service.What does this invitation reflect?

A) the secularization thesis
B) the revised secularization thesis
C) the market model of religion
D) the community affiliation model of religion

Question 54

Janna belongs to a religion that is state sponsored.According to the textbook,which religion does she practise?

A) Christianity
B) Hinduism
C) Islam
D) Falun Gong

Question 55

Significant religious revivals have been taking place in Canada and other nations.What seems to be the long-term trend?

A) People are scoring higher on religiosity today.
B) People are attending worship services more today.
C) There has been a return to magic as an explanation for phenomena.
D) Societies have been gradually secularizing.

Question 56

Many sociologists believed that secularization was well underway in Canada but then modified their stance somewhat in the 1990s.What caused this change of mind?

A) The evidence suggested strongly that religion was already dead.
B) The evidence suggested that people were quite involved in religion.
C) In most parts of Canada, religious beliefs were in serious decline.
D) Survey evidence demonstrated that more people than ever believed in God.

Question 57

Raina has examined the history of religion in Europe and North America and noticed a trend where belief in the supernatural or religion as an explanation for phenomena was gradually replaced by science as an explanation.Which of the following concepts best summarizes Raina's observations?

A) the Protestant ethic
B) the deconstruction movement
C) religious fundamentalism
D) the secularization thesis

Question 58

In the past,religious organizations used to oversee most education,but today that is rarely the case.What does this shift illustrate?

A) civil religion theory
B) the profanity thesis
C) the desecularization thesis
D) the revised secularization thesis

Question 59

What overall conclusion can be drawn from the data comparing Canadian religious involvement from 1975 to 2005?

A) Canadians have become much more religious and spiritual in 2005.
B) Canadians have become much less religious and spiritual in 2005.
C) Canadians were more likely to identify with organized religion in 2005.
D) Canadians were less likely to identify with organized religion in 2005.

Question 60

What do we call people who interpret sacred writings literally,maintain a personal relationship with a higher power,and are quite intolerant of religious views that are not their own?

A) authoritative supporters
B) fundamentalists
C) mainline adherents
D) charismatics

Question 61

The Sons of Freedom Doukhobors live in the small community of Krestova,British Columbia,apart from the larger and more established Community Doukhobors in the interior of the province.What type of religious group are the Sons of Freedom Doukhobors?

A) a cult
B) a denomination
C) a sect
D) a church

Question 62

The Branch Davidians of Waco,Texas,were a very small group of religious people led by David Koresh until their deaths in 1993.What kind of religious organization were the Branch Davidians?

A) a sect
B) a cult
C) an ecclesia
D) a church

Question 63

Bruce has just joined the neighbourhood Bible Truth Pentecostal in Toronto.What does he belong to?

A) an ecclesia
B) a denomination
C) a cult
D) a sect

Question 64

Which religious group doubled its membership in Canada between 1991 and 2001?

A) Catholics
B) Jews
C) Muslims
D) Sikhs

Question 65

Janna belongs to a religion that is state sponsored.According to the textbook,which nation does she live in?

A) the United States
B) Brazil
C) Israel
D) Sudan

Question 66

Peter Vasilevich Verigin emigrated from Russia to Canada in 1902,joining his religious community of Russian Doukhobors in Saskatchewan.He re-assumed leadership at that time and led 6000 Doukhobors west to British Columbia in 1908.What type of organization was Verigin the leader of?

A) a sect
B) a cult
C) an ecclesia
D) a church

Question 67

Minka has received several flyers in her mailbox from different community churches,urging her to come out for pizza nights and evening services or to religiously themed movie nights.Which of the following concepts is reflected in this situation?

A) religious competitiveness
B) the market model of religion
C) the desecularization thesis
D) neighbourhood sectarianism

Question 68

Which of the following is more characteristic of a sect than a church?

A) Members are generally from all classes.
B) Worship is formal, removed from direct experience, and orderly.
C) Salvation is granted by God and administered by the organization.
D) Leaders and members tend to be intolerant of other religions.

Question 69

Manitobans Lars and Ingrid are practising Lutherans.What do they belong to?

A) a denomination
B) an ecclesia
C) a cult
D) a sect

Question 70

William is pleased to see that membership at his religious organization is so accepting of differences,noting that one of the homeless men from the shelter is sitting between the city's mayor and a provincial court judge,and all are singing enthusiastically.What type of religious organization does William belong to?

A) a sect
B) a cult
C) a church
D) an institution

Question 71

Some religious leaders and their followers believe the leader is inspired by mystical powers.What do we call these leaders?

A) authoritarian leaders
B) charismatic leaders
C) transcendent leaders
D) mystical leaders

Question 72

George tells his mother that religious activities should be more widely available for people who demand them.Which model does his statement illustrate?

A) the market model
B) the sect model
C) the institution model
D) the ritual model

Question 73

Wayne and Rosie are proud of the tight organization of their religious organization.There are offices and staff that take care of virtually every aspect of religious life,and the group has wide acceptance and broad membership in the community.What do they belong to?

A) a church
B) a sect
C) a denomination
D) a cult

Question 74

Astrid is a member of the largest religious group in Canada today.Which religious group is it?

A) the United Church
B) the Roman Catholic Church
C) the Jewish Congress
D) the Sunni Muslims

Question 75

What categories do sociologists generally divide religious groups into?

A) cults, denominations, and sects
B) churches, cults, and sects
C) denominations, ecclesia, and state sponsors
D) state sponsors, churches, and markets

Question 76

Masoud is a very devout Muslim,praying five times per day,fasting during Ramadan,and making his pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca.In sociological terms,what do these practices indicate?

A) his level of spirituality
B) his level of religiosity
C) his level of spiritual awareness
D) his level of activity

Question 77

How do sociologists categorize churches?

A) as denominations and sects
B) as ecclesia and cults
C) as ecclesia and denominations
D) as cults and sects

Question 78

Roman Catholicism in Canada,Judaism in Israel,and Hinduism in India are all examples of which of the following?

A) a sect
B) a cult
C) an ecclesia
D) a church

Question 79

Members of a certain type of religious organization choose to isolate themselves from society and typically follow very specific rules about attire,diet,prayer,and contact with outsiders.What do we call these religious organizations?

A) cults
B) denominations
C) ecclesiae
D) churches

Question 80

Bobbi argues that religions today are nothing but suppliers of various services.She points to the counselling and social networking that many churches offer as proof of her views.Which model are her views central to?

A) the ritual model
B) the sect model
C) the institution model
D) the market model