Deck 8: Development Across the Life Span

Question 1

Piaget's term for the knowledge that an object exists even when it is out of sight is ________.

A) conservation
B) object permanence
C) centration
D) egocentrism

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The theory of adjustment to aging that assumes older people are happier if they remain active in some way, such as volunteering or developing a hobby, is called ________.

A) activity theory
B) wear-and-tear theory
C) disengagement theory
D) cellular clock theory

Answer 2

A

Question 3

According to Thomas and Chess, a child that is very irregular in sleeping and eating, resists change, and tends to be loud is labeled a(n) ________child.

A) easy
B) difficult
C) slow-to-warm-up
D) negative

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following describes the embryonic period?

A) the period during which the zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant in the lining
B) the period during which the major organs and structures of the organism first develop
C) the period during which the umbilical cord develops
D) the period during which tremendous growth occurs and the organs continue to develop and become functional

Question 5

In a ________ design, one group of participants is followed and assessed as the group ages.

A) cohort
B) longitudinal
C) behavior genetics
D) cross-sectional

Question 6

The growth spurt for boys typically begins at age ________.

A) 9
B) 100
C) 10
D) 15

Question 7

Which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial crises revolves around the child's learning to direct his or her own behavior?

A) trust versus mistrust
B) initiative versus guilt
C) industry versus inferiority
D) autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 8

The period of life from about age 13 to the early twenties, during which a young person is no longer physically a child but is not yet an independent, self-supporting adult, is called ________.

A) adolescence
B) tweens
C) young adulthood
D) puberty

Question 9

The period of five to ten years during which a woman's reproductive system begins to decline is called _______.

A) climacteric
B) perimenopause
C) menopause
D) postmenopause

Question 10

Christa and Sal are anticipating the birth of their first baby. Before the baby arrives, they want to fix up the nursery with new wallpaper. They seek the advice of a developmental psychologist. What is she likely to tell them?

A) Newborns prefer to look at complex three-dimensional patterns rather than simple one- dimensional ones.
B) Newborns prefer to look at animals rather than people.
C) Newborns do not see well enough to make any difference.
D) Newborns prefer to look at simple one-dimensional patterns rather than complex ones.

Question 11

________ develop when two eggs each get fertilized by different sperm cells, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.

A) Monozygotic twins
B) Fraternal twins
C) Dizygotic twins
D) Wombmates

Question 12

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by Kübler-Ross is ________.

A) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
B) denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance, and depression
C) anger, denial, bargaining, acceptance, and depression
D) anger, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
Chapter 8 - Quick Quiz 2

Question 13

Which of the following is defined as a gene that controls the appearance of a certain trait?

A) recessive
B) mutated
C) recombinant
D) dominant

Question 14

According to Erikson, an emotional and psychological closeness that is based on the ability to trust, share, and care, while still maintaining one's sense of self, is called ________.

A) bonding
B) intimacy
C) attachment
D) attraction
Chapter 8 - Quick Quiz 1

Question 15

________ refers to heredity and ________ refers to environmental influences.

A) Nature; nurture
B) Cognition; emotion
C) Nurture; behavioral genetics
D) Cross-sectional; longitudinal

Question 16

Jeremy is 17 years old. According to Erikson, his chief task will be acquiring a sense of ________.

A) identity
B) intimacy
C) generativity
D) autonomy

Question 17

Infant reflexes are ________

A) innate involuntary behavior patterns
B) voluntary behavior patterns
C) learned
D) not used as a means for survival

Question 18

At birth, newborns seem most responsive to ________.

A) high pitches and low pitches
B) hip hop music
C) moderate voice pitches
D) rock and roll music

Question 19

A(n) ________ is a section of DNA containing a sequence of amines.

A) compound
B) gene
C) chromosome
D) amine

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the original research that suggested a relationship between the MMR vaccine and the development of autism?

A) It was conducted in a cooperative study in France, Iceland, and the Netherlands.
B) It was based on data collected from a very large sample of children.
C) It has been successfully replicated repeatedly, providing evidence for its validity.
D) It was based on falsified data.

Question 21

Genetics is defined as ________.

A) the branch of biology that deals with functions such as metabolism, respiration, and reproduction, rather than with structures
B) the science of inherited traits Correct. Genetics is defined as the science of heredity.
C) the study of behavior and mental processes
D) the study of the changes that occur in people as they age, from conception until death Incorrect. The study of the changes that occur in people as they age, from conception until death, is the definition of human development.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 22

Each of the 10 children born to Ernest and Elvira Orangeburg has been born with red hair. Each child is also very intelligent and athletic. The Orangeburgs are expecting an 11^th child, who is also likely to be born with the same traits according to ________, as evidenced in the ________.

A) nurture; nature versus nurture controversy
B) nature; nature versus nurture controversy Correct. Nature refers to heredity, or genetic factors, whereas nurture refers to environmental influences.
C) environmental factors; conception theory Incorrect. Environment refers to environmental influences and the conception theory is not discussed in the book.
D) teratogens; conception theory TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 23

Which of the following is a main disadvantage of the cross-sectional design?

A) Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another. Correct. In a cross-sectional design, individuals of different ages are being compared.
B) It is relatively expensive.
C) It takes a longer amount of time than a longitudinal study.
D) Participants may drop out due to moving, loss of interest, or death. Incorrect. The loss of participants over time is a disadvantage of longitudinal design.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 24

The science of heredity is called ________.

A) human development
B) genetics Correct. Genetics is the study of heredity.
C) physiology Incorrect. Physiology is a branch of biology that deals with functions such as metabolism, respiration, and reproduction.
D) gerontology TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 25

Professor Grant is interested in studying the development of a sense of humor. She collects data from groups of 6-year-olds, 16-year-olds, 26-year-olds, and 46-year-olds. What type of research design is Professor Grant using?

A) cohort design
B) longitudinal design Incorrect. A longitudinal design is one in which one participant or group of participants is followed and assessed as the person or group ages.
C) behavior genetics design
D) cross-sectional design Correct. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups at the same time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 26

Professor Sanchez is interested in studying the development of motor skills. She collects data from 200, one-year-olds and follows and assesses them for a period of five years. What type of research design is Professor Sanchez using?

A) cohort design
B) longitudinal design Correct. A longitudinal design is one in which one participant or a group of participants is followed and assessed as the person or group ages.
C) behavior genetics design
D) cross-sectional design Incorrect. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups at the same time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 27

Which field of study tries to determine how much of behavior is the result of genetic inheritance and how much is due to a person's experiences?

A) psychobiology Incorrect. Psychobiology is the study of the biological bases of behavior.
B) neuropsychology
C) behavioral genetics Correct. Behavioral genetics is a field that investigates the effects of genes and environmental influences on
Behavior.
D) psychoanalysis TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 28

A researcher who selects a sample of people of varying ages and studies them at one point in time is, by definition, using a ________ design in her study.

A) cohort
B) longitudinal Incorrect. A longitudinal design is one in which one participant or group of participants is followed and assessed as the person or group ages.
C) behavior genetics
D) cross-sectional Correct. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups at the same time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 29

Juan and Carlos are identical twins. Juan was raised by his father and mother, and Carlos was accidentally placed with another family after a "mix up" at the hospital. At the age of 15, both boys "ran into each other" at a football game and noticed how they appeared to be "mirror images of each other." After proving they were twins by genetic testing, the families discussed some of the differences between the boys. Juan is very athletic and intelligent and excels in basketball but does not take school seriously and has F's in all subjects. Carlos is also athletic and intelligent, and excels in baseball and makes straight A's as a result of his strict home life and study routine. Although they are identical twins, what do you think accounts for the differences in their academic performance based on the research?

A) nurture Correct. Nurture would be correct in that differences in study routines are likely to be a factor.
B) nature Incorrect. They are likely to be similar in genetic makeup.
C) school district superintendent
D) teacher appraisals of performance TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 30

The local health department of a small town has hired a research firm to study the development of cancer in residents in the town due to a suspected cancer-causing agent and environmental pollution. The researcher will compare data on participants every 10 years (e.g., at ages 10, 20, 30, etc.) to see if there are increasing rates of cancer in the town. This type of research study is called a ________ design.

A) cross-sequential
B) longitudinal Correct. Participants are studied at various ages in a longitudinal design.
C) behavior genetics
D) cross-sectional Incorrect. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups but only during one period of time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 31

Smith believes people who are very aggressive have become so because of their life experiences. Dr. Goldberg believes people are more or less aggressive from birth because of genetic factors. Which of the following terms BEST describes an issue in human development that is highlighted by their disagreement?

A) nature versus nurture Correct. Nature refers to genetic factors and nurture refers to environmental influences.
B) cognition versus emotion Incorrect. The issue highlighted emphasizes the effects of nature (genes) and nurture (environmental factors).
C) classical versus operant conditioning
D) cross-sectional studies versus longitudinal studies TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 32

Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to ________.

A) combine longitudinal and cross-sectional research strategies Correct. A cross-sequential design combines the ease of a cross-sectional design with a shorter longitudinal design.
B) look for gender differences
C) reduce experimenter bias
D) only include cross-sectional strategies within the design Incorrect. A cross-sequential design also includes longitudinal strategies.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 33

Professor Rashad is interested in studying cognitive development. He collects and compares data from a group of 6-year-olds and a group of 10-year-olds. Five years later, he compares these two groups to each other again as well as to their own performance in the study five years ago. Professor Grant is employing a ________ design in his research.

A) cross-sequential Correct. A cross-sequential design studies participants by means of a cross-sectional design, using subjects of different ages, but also follows and assesses them over time.
B) longitudinal
C) behavior genetics
D) cross-sectional Incorrect. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups but only during one period of time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 34

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the longitudinal design?

A) Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another. Incorrect. The individuals studied in a longitudinal design are all the same age.
B) It is relatively inexpensive.
C) It takes a shorter amount of time than a cross-sectional design.
D) Participants may drop out due to moving, loss of interest, or death. Correct. In this design, there is a risk of losing participants due to many factors.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 35

________ refers to heredity and ________ refers to environmental influences.

A) Nature; nurture Correct. Nature refers to heredity, or genetic factors, whereas nurture refers to environmental influences.
B) Cognition; emotion
C) Nurture; behavioral genetics Incorrect. Nurture refers to environmental influences and behavioral genetics is a field that investigates the effects of genes and environmental influences on behavior.
D) Cross-sectional; longitudinal TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 36

A psychologist spends her entire career studying how and why changes occur in people throughout their lives. This psychologist is most likely working in the field of ________.

A) abnormal psychology
B) gerontology Incorrect. Gerontology emphasizes only the changes that occur in older adulthood.
C) human development Correct. Human development studies focus on the changes that occur throughout people's lives, from conception to death.
D) maturational studies TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 37

The type of research design that compares various participants at several points in time to examine age-related differences and changes is called a ________.

A) cross-sequential design Correct. A cross-sequential design studies participants by means of a cross-sectional design, using subjects of different ages, but also follows and assesses them over time.
B) longitudinal design
C) behavior genetics design
D) cross-sectional design Incorrect. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups but only during one period of time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 38

According to several published research studies, how could individuals like Adolf Hitler or Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev commit such acts according to the "nature versus nurture" debate?

A) These individuals were born (nature) to commit such horrendous acts. It was in their genetic makeup. Incorrect. Nature and nurture both contribute, according to Ridley.
B) Their behaviors are the result of the interaction of nature and nurture. Correct. Both nature and nurture combined to influence these notorious individuals, according to Ridley.
C) These individuals' behaviors were attributed to "nurture" and the influences of their parents.
D) These individuals learned to commit these behaviors after staying in long periods of isolation, according to Ridley. TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 39

In a ________ design, one group of participants is followed and assessed as the group ages.

A) cohort
B) longitudinal Correct. In a longitudinal design, one group of participants is followed and assessed as the participants age.
C) behavior genetics
D) cross-sectional Incorrect. A cross-sectional design studies several different age groups at the same time.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 40

The scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they age from conception to death is called ________.

A) abnormal psychology
B) gerontology Incorrect. Gerontology emphasizes only older adulthood.
C) human development Correct. Human development is the term used to refer to the changes that occur in people as they age from conception to death.
D) maturational studies TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 41

In ________ syndrome, the 23^rd pair of chromosomes is missing an X, resulting in short, infertile females.

A) PKU
B) Down
C) Klinefelter's Incorrect. Klinefelter's syndrome occurs only in males.
D) Turner's Correct. Turner's syndrome produces short, infertile females.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a disease that is caused by recessive genes?

A) PKU
B) Down syndrome Correct. Down syndrome occurs as a result of an extra chromosome on the 21^st pair.
C) Cystic fibrosis Incorrect. Cystic fibrosis is caused when a child receives two recessive genes from his or her parents.
D) Tay-Sachs disorder TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 43

A gene that only influences the expression of a trait when paired with another less active gene is called ________.

A) recessive Correct. A recessive gene only influences the expression of a trait when paired with a less active gene.
B) mutated
C) recombinant
D) dominant Incorrect. A dominant gene actively controls the expression of a trait even when not paired with a less active gene.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 44

Rod-shaped structures in the cell nucleus that contain genes are referred to as ________.

A) DNA Incorrect. DNA is a molecule that consists of two strands that wind around each other in a spiral that contains the genetic material of the organism.
B) sex-linked traits
C) chromosomes Correct. Chromosomes are rod-shaped structures in the cell nucleus that contain genes.
D) amines TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 45

Steve was born a male with an extra X chromosome on the 23^rd pair. As result, he has reduced masculine characteristics, enlarged breasts, and is obese and excessively tall. Which disorder is likely to be diagnosed?

A) PKU
B) Down
C) Klinefelter's Correct. Klinefelter's syndrome is caused by an extra X chromosome on the 23^rd pair and occurs in males.
D) Turner's Incorrect. Turner's syndrome occurs only in females.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 46

A gene that actively controls the expression of a trait is called a ________ gene.

A) recessive Incorrect. A recessive gene influences the expression of a trait when paired with an identical or less active gene, whereas a dominant gene actively controls the expression of a trait.
B) mutated
C) recombinant
D) dominant Correct. A dominant gene actively controls the expression of a trait.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 47

Diseases carried by recessive genes are inherited when ________.

A) a child inherits two recessive genes, one from each parent Correct. Diseases carried by recessive genes are inherited from two recessive genes.
B) a child inherits two dominant genes, one from each parent
C) a child inherits a dominant gene from one parent and a recessive gene from the other parent Incorrect. Diseases carried by recessive genes are inherited from two recessive genes.
D) the child doesn't inherit any genes from one parent TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 48

Silvia has blond hair, even though her mother and father each have brown hair. What do we know about Silvia's parents?

A) At least one of her parents has a recessive gene for blond hair.
B) Each of her parents must have one recessive gene for blond hair color. Correct. The gene for blond hair is recessive; therefore, both parents must have that gene in order for Silvia to have blond hair.
C) Each of her parents must have one dominant gene for blond hair. Incorrect. The gene for blond hair is recessive; therefore, both parents must have that gene in order for Silvia to have blond hair.
D) Neither of her parents has a gene for blond hair. TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 49

In normal developmental cases, humans have a total of ________ chromosomes.

A) 46 Correct. Humans usually have 46 chromosomes.
B) 23 Incorrect. Humans usually have 23 pairs of chromosomes, but a total of 46 chromosomes.
C) 21
D) 22 TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 50

________ is a section of DNA containing a sequence of amines.

A) compound
B) gene Correct. A gene is a section of DNA containing a sequence of amines.
C) chromosome Incorrect. A gene is a section of DNA containing a sequence of amines and is located on chromosomes.
D) amine TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 51

Which of the following is defined as a gene that controls the appearance of a certain trait?

A) recessive Incorrect. A recessive gene influences the expression of a trait when paired with an identical or less active gene, whereas a dominant gene actively controls the appearance of a certain trait.
B) mutated
C) recombinant
D) dominant Correct. A dominant gene is defined as a gene that controls the appearance of a certain trait.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 52

At fertilization, the chromosomes from the father's sperm unite with the chromosomes from the mother's egg, creating a new cell called a(n) ________.

A) embryo Incorrect. An embryo is the name for the developing organism from 2 weeks to 8 weeks after fertilization.
B) zygote Correct. A fertilized egg is called a zygote.
C) genome
D) blastocyst TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 53

A special molecule, ________, contains the genetic material of the organism.

A) DNA Correct. DNA is a special molecule that contains the genetic material of the organism.
B) a gene
C) a chromosome Incorrect. A chromosome is a rod-shaped structure containing genes that is found in the cell nucleus.
D) an amine TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 54

As wide-set almond-shaped eyes and mental retardation.

A) PKU
B) Down Correct. Down syndrome occurs as a result of an extra chromosome on the 21^st pair.
C) Klinefelter's Incorrect. Klinefelter's syndrome occurs as a result of an extra X chromosome on the 23^rd pair.
D) Turner's TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 55

Which of the following is a special molecule that contains the genetic material of the organism?

A) DNA Correct. DNA is a special molecule that contains the genetic material of the organism.
B) gene
C) chromosome Incorrect. A chromosome is a rod-shaped structure containing genes that is found in the cell nucleus.
D) amine TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 56

How many pairs of chromosomes are normally in each cell of the human body?

A) 46 Incorrect. Humans normally have 46 total chromosomes in each cell, but 23 pairs of chromosomes.
B) 23 Correct. Humans normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
C) 21
D) 22 TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 57

What is the cause of Down syndrome?

A) an extra chromosome on the 21^st pair Correct. Down syndrome occurs as a result of an extra chromosome on the 21^st pair.
B) an extra X chromosome on the 23^rd pair Incorrect. Klinefelter's syndrome occurs as a result of an extra X chromosome on the 23^rd pair.
C) neurotransmitter excesses
D) neurotransmitter deficiencies TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 58

A trait controlled by a dominant gene will ________.

A) be expressed even when the corresponding gene in the other half of the pair is different Correct. A dominant gene actively controls the expression of a trait even if the other half of the pair is different.
B) be expressed only if it is paired with two recessive genes
C) not be expressed if it is paired with another dominant gene
D) not be expressed when the corresponding gene in the other half of the pair is different Incorrect. Traits controlled by dominant genes will be expressed even when the corresponding gene in the other half of the pair is different.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 59

Sheila was born a female with only one X chromosome on the 23^rd pair. As a result, she is very short, infertile, and sexually underdeveloped. With which disorder is she likely to be diagnosed?

A) PKU
B) Down
C) Klinefelter's Incorrect. Klinefelter's syndrome occurs only in males.
D) Turner's Correct. Turner's syndrome produces the characteristics described and occurs in females.
TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 60

Ryan has cystic fibrosis. This means that his mother is a carrier for the cystic fibrosis gene, while his father ________.

A) is also a carrier Correct. Because cystic fibrosis is a disease carried by recessive genes, a person can get it only if he or she receives the gene from both parents.
B) is not a carrier Incorrect. Because cystic fibrosis is a disease carried by recessive genes, a person can get it only if he or she receives the gene from both parents.
C) does not have a cystic fibrosis gene
D) has two cystic fibrosis genes TOPIC: Studying Human Development

Question 61

Which of the following describes the way in which monozygotic twins occur?

A) The mother's body releases multiple eggs, two or more of which are fertilized. Incorrect. Multiple fertilized eggs result in dizygotic twins.
B) The mother's body releases one egg, conceives, and then releases another egg in a later ovulation cycle.
C) The egg is fertilized by a single sperm and then splits completely into two separate zygotes. Correct. When an egg is fertilized by a sperm, and then splits completely into two separate zygotes, the result is monozygotic twins.
D) The mother uses fertility drugs. TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 62

Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily's uterus by means of an ultrasound. The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal, and that their baby's fingers, toes, heart, and circulatory system are developing as expected. The couple learns that the baby is only an inch long. Given this information, the current stage of prenatal development is the ________.

A) embryonic period Correct. It is during the embryonic period that major organs and structures first develop.
B) germinal period
C) zygotic period
D) fetal stage Incorrect. In the fetal stage, fingers, toes, and other major systems and organs would have already developed, and the baby would be more than an inch long.
TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 63

The germinal period ________.

A) occurs during the first two weeks after fertilization Correct. The first two weeks of pregnancy are called the germinal period.
B) occurs from 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization Incorrect. The embryonic period occurs from 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization.
C) occurs from approximately 8 weeks after fertilization to birth
D) occurs from 7 to 10 weeks after fertilization TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 64

Ashley and Mary-Kate are twins who are genetically identical. What type of twins are they?

A) monozygotic twins Correct. Monozygotic twins are identical.
B) fraternal twins
C) dizygotic twins Incorrect. Dizygotic twins are the result of two fertilized eggs, which means they are genetically different.
D) wombmates TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 65

Which of the following terms is used to describe any substance, such as a drug, chemical, or virus that can bring about a birth defect?

A) teratogen Correct. Teratogens are substances that can bring about a birth defect.
B) critical period
C) carcinogen Incorrect. A carcinogen may cause birth defects, but the term does not encompass viruses and all of the other things that can also cause birth defects.
D) biohazard TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 66

The specialized organ that provides nourishment and filters away waste products from the developing baby is called the ________.

A) placenta Correct. The placenta is a specialized organ that provides nourishment and filters away waste products from the developing baby.
B) uterus
C) umbilical cord Incorrect. The umbilical cord is a tube that connects the developing baby to the placenta.
D) embryo TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 67

Monozygotic twins ________.

A) are genetically identical Correct. Monozygotic twins are genetically identical.
B) are genetically different Incorrect. Monozygotic twins are genetically identical; dizygotic twins are genetically different.
C) will be of different sexes
D) are more likely to occur when a woman is taking fertility drugs TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 68

Times during which some environmental influences can have a major impact on development are called ________.

A) fetal periods Incorrect. Critical periods are times when internal and external influences have a major impact on development; the most critical time is during the embryonic period.
B) critical periods Correct. Critical periods are times when internal and external influences have a major impact on development.
C) germinal periods
D) latency periods TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 69

The union of the ovum and sperm is called ________.

A) fertilization Correct. Fertilization occurs when the sperm and ovum unite.
B) the fetal period
C) a zygote Incorrect. The zygote is the result of the union of the ovum and sperm.
D) an embryo TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 70

Tameeka is at a point in her pregnancy during which the major organs and structures of her baby are first developing. Which period of prenatal development is Tameeka currently experiencing?

A) fetal Incorrect. The fetal period occurs after the organs have first developed and is the time during which they continue to develop and become functional.
B) embryonic Correct. During the embryonic period, major organs and structures first develop.
C) placental
D) germinal TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 71

Which of the following describes the embryonic period?

A) the period during which the zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant in the lining Incorrect. The zygote begins to implant in the uterine lining during the germinal period.
B) the period during which the major organs and structures of the organism first develop Correct. It is during the embryonic period that major organs and structures develop.
C) the period during which the umbilical cord develops
D) the period during which tremendous growth occurs and the organs continue to develop and become functional TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 72

________ develop when two eggs each get fertilized by different sperm cells, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.

A) Monozygotic twins Incorrect. Monozygotic twins develop when an egg is fertilized by a sperm and then splits completely into two separate zygotes.
B) Fraternal twins
C) Dizygotic twins Correct. Dizygotic twins are the result of two fertilized eggs by two different sperm.
D) Wombmates TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 73

In the process of fertilization, the ________ and ________ unite, resulting in a single cell.

A) sperm; ovum Correct. Fertilization occurs when the sperm and ovum unite.
B) zygote; sperm Incorrect. Fertilization occurs when the sperm and ovum unite; the zygote is the result of this union.
C) embryo; zygote
D) ovum; fetus TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 74

The study of ethical and moral issues brought about by new advances in biology and medicine is called ________.

A) bioethics Correct. New advances in biology and medicine raise issues concerning policies and practices.
B) germinal staging Incorrect. Bioethics deals with new advances in biology and medicine.
C) axiology
D) twenty-first century moral standards TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 75

Fraternal twins are ________ similar genetically than are regular, non-twin siblings.

A) much more Incorrect. Fraternal twins are genetically no more similar than are any other two siblings, since they develop from different eggs and different sperm.
B) no more Correct. Fraternal twins develop from different eggs and different sperm, just like any other set of siblings.
C) slightly more
D) much less TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 76

Which kind of cells that form during the germinal period are being examined by researchers for their use for growing new organs and tissue for transplant or to repair neurological damage?

A) amacrine cells Incorrect. Amacrine cells are found in the retina of your eyes.
B) bipolar cells
C) oligodendrocytes
D) stem cells Correct. Stem cells stay in an immature state until they are needed to produce other types of cells.
TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 77

The placenta is ________.

A) the tube through which a developing baby receives nourishment Incorrect. The placenta is not a tube; the umbilical cord, which connects the developing baby to the placenta, is a tube.
B) the technical name for the "belly button"
C) a specialized organ that provides nourishment and filters away waste products from the developing baby Correct. The placenta is a specialized organ that provides nourishment and filters away waste products from the developing baby.
D) the name for the developing organism until it is 8 weeks old TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 78

Mary and Juan are twins who developed from two separate fertilized ova that were fertilized by two different sperm. What type of twins are they?

A) monozygotic twins Incorrect. Monozygotic twins result from one ovum fertilized by one sperm that splits in two.
B) maternal twins
C) dizygotic twins Correct. Dizygotic twins are the result of two fertilized eggs.
D) wombmates TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 79

Marisa is at a point in her pregnancy when the zygote is moving down to her uterus, and the placenta and umbilical cord are beginning to form. Which period of prenatal development is Marisa currently experiencing?

A) fetal
B) embryonic Incorrect. During the embryonic period, the organism is called an embryo, not a zygote.
C) placental
D) germinal Correct. During the germinal period, the organism is called a zygote, and the placenta and umbilical cord begin to form.
TOPIC: Prenatal Development

Question 80

Ovum is a term used to describe ________.

A) the female sex cell, or egg Correct. Ovum is another term for the female sex cell or egg.
B) the male sex cell Incorrect. Sperm are male sex cells; ovum is the female sex cell.
C) the developing organism from conception to the end of the second week after fertilization
D) the developing organism from 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization TOPIC: Prenatal Development