Deck 5: Analyze Your Audience and Research Your Speech Steps 2 and 3

Question 1

A speaker suddenly realizes that he is facing an audience that views his thesis unfavorably. He should adapt by

A) targeting the differences and working to reverse them.
B) starting with areas of disagreement and moving to areas of agreement.
C) avoiding any discussion of misunderstandings or misapprehensions.
D) building on commonalities and similarities.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Associated Press, United Press International, and Reuters are all examples of

A) news wire services.
B) online directories.
C) almanacs.
D) listservs.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

You realize that your listeners have virtually no knowledge of your topic. In this case, you should be aware that they

A) will probably miss your point due to low intelligence.
B) should be addressed with a very slow delivery and very simplistic language.
C) are still capable of following clearly presented examples and arguments.
D) should be clearly warned about this in the introduction of the speech.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Your college textbooks are _____ source material.

A) primary
B) part primary and part secondary
C) part secondary and part tertiary
D) tertiary

Question 5

Research is almost always undertaken to discover one of several common questions. For example, research designed to _____ will answer the question "How?"

A) search for specifics
B) discover what is known
C) support a position
D) find statistical evidence

Question 6

In her first speech, a student uses the words of a hip-hop artist plus two sentences of background info found in a Rolling Stone piece, but fails to cite the musician or the article. This is an example of

A) fair use.
B) copyright infringement.
C) direct plagiarism.
D) misattribution plagiarism.

Question 7

One of the guidelines given for guarding against plagiarism in speeches is to

A) paraphrase rather than using direct quotations.
B) acknowledge any ideas or words that are not your own.
C) cite sources even for common knowledge and readily available information.
D) rely on the fair use standard to borrow whatever material you want.

Question 8

A student decides to use InfoPlease to find statistics for her speech on world population growth. What type of resource material is this?

A) a biographical directory
B) an almanac
C) an encyclopedia
D) a news source

Question 9

Katie wants to analyze her audience for an upcoming presentation to the local Sierra Club, so she plans to have members fill out an audience questionnaire. What is she doing to learn about her audience?

A) observing
B) collecting data systematically
C) interviewing audience members
D) using inference and empathy

Question 10

Some publications are not so easy to classify as research sources. For example, Psychology Today and National Geographic can be considered both _____ and _____ publications.

A) biographical; statistical
B) open; deep
C) primary; secondary
D) scholarly; popular

Question 11

A consumer activist planning to talk about dangerous drugs marketed by the pharmaceutical industry reviews annual reports of several drug manufacturers as well as original research studies published in academic journals. He is using

A) primary sources.
B) secondary sources.
C) professional sources.
D) tertiary sources.

Question 12

A broad term like research can be defined in many ways, but it would not be defined as

A) a systematic search for data.
B) an investigation of the relevant information on a topic.
C) an inquiry into what is known or thought about a subject.
D) an effort to shape an argument or opinion on an issue.

Question 13

A motivational speaker will address a large group of women who appear to be very traditional in their attitudes and beliefs, based on her audience analysis and her familiarity with the community. She would do well to focus on _____ values in her speech.

A) aesthetic, social, and religious
B) political, economic, and cultural
C) theoretical, philosophical, and psychological
D) educational, occupational, and financial

Question 14

Your speech will be presented to an audience of scientists, engineers, and technicians. Generally, members of an educated audience such as this are

A) more accepting of statistics and generalizations.
B) more concerned with issues outside their immediate field of operation.
C) more interested in personal concerns than broad sociological or political issues.
D) more easily swayed by appeals to emotion and authority.

Question 15

Which division of the Web is enormous in size with massive databases of scholarly publications and research journals available only for a fee, as well as websites requiring a password?

A) the commercial Web
B) the open Web
C) the deep Web
D) the social Web

Question 16

What is the largest library system in the United States?

A) the Library of Congress
B) the presidential libraries
C) the National Archives and Records Administration
D) the Virtual Library

Question 17

A cheat sheet is a list of

A) points you want to make during a speech.
B) questions you want to ask during an interview.
C) topics you need to explore or research.
D) reminders and directions for your delivery.

Question 18

In a speech on popular music, you might give Dizzy Gillespie and Hoagy Carmichael as examples, or you might discuss Lady Gaga and Jay-Z instead. What demographic element of the audience would help you make this decision?

A) gender
B) age
C) educational level
D) occupation and income

Question 19

What tends to be the most difficult audience variable to analyze today?

A) affectional orientation
B) religiousness
C) relational status
D) gender

Question 20

These four students have used the words or findings of someone else in preparing their speeches. Which one is correctly and appropriately citing the source during the speech?

A) "To quote the Encyclopedia Britannica's segment on Anatomy of the Brain, the three main parts of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem."
B) "As the Dalai Lama said when accepting the 1989 Nobel Peace Prize, 'No matter what part of the world we come from, we are all basically the same human beings.'"
C) "According to the list of world capitals in InfoPlease, the capital of Pakistan is Islamabad with a population of just over 600,000."
D) "I have a quote from Albert Einstein that I found and I'd like to read it to you."

Question 21

The basic characteristics of today's audiences can be summarized by saying that all audiences are _____ and all audiences are _____.

Question 22

A belief is the _____. A value is the _____.

Question 23

Audience questionnaires are more useful as background for informative speeches than for persuasive speeches.

Question 24

Define plagiarism, and name two types. Why is plagiarism wrong, and what can be done to avoid it in a speech? Explain briefly.

Question 25

If a speaker tries to address the listeners' negative responses directly, it will only increase the hostility they are already feeling.

Question 26

_____, _____, _____, and _____.

Question 27

When you use tertiary sources in your research, there is nothing (or very little) standing between the event and the reporting of that event.

Question 28

Directories access millions of websites but do not distinguish between reliable and unreliable information, while search engines have limited coverage but present options deemed particularly valid or worthwhile.

Question 29

_____ source material is usually less reliable than _____ source material
because it's a step removed from the actual facts or events.

Question 30

Google's government search engine is an excellent research tool, covering all websites in the .gov domain. But its disadvantage is the enormous amount of information to sort and analyze.

Question 31

Plagiarism can occur if a friend gives you ideas or helps you shape the speech and you don't acknowledge this assistance.

Question 32

List the six major sociological or demographic variables that define audiences. Then name several additional factors if you can. How can these elements of audience sociology affect the topic a speaker chooses? Give an example.

Question 33

If you want to get a broad and general overview of a social, cultural, or psychological phenomenon in contemporary society, then an article in a scholarly journal will be most useful.

Question 34

Generally, the larger your audience, the more informal your presentation should be.

Question 35

The text offers advice for effectively conducting interviews to gather information for a speech, including ten steps or actions to take. List and briefly explain at least five of these steps.

Question 36

Discuss at least three elements to consider when analyzing the religion and religiousness of audience members, and demonstrate how a speaker could adapt to each element.

Question 37

Distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary source materials. Give an example of each as they would be employed while researching a speech topic.

Question 38

Define and differentiate between attitudes, beliefs, and values. How are they reflected in an audience? Imagine a speech topic and give an example of the way audience attitudes, beliefs, and values might influence a speaker's approach to that topic.

Question 39

It is best to use _____ questions when interviewing someone for speech material because they allow for spontaneous discussion.

Question 40

The three-part system of the Web consists of the _____ Web, the _____ Web, and the _____ Web.