Deck 14: The Early Modern State

Question 1

What was the result of the Seven Years' War?

A)Great Britain became the predominant power in Europe.
B)France became the predominant power in Europe.
C)Great Britain and France declined in influence and Spain gained control in the Americas.
D)Spain ceded control of North America and focused its attention on South America.
E)The Netherlands ceded control of Indonesia and Dutch Guiana to the Spanish.

Answer 1

Great Britain became the predominant power in Europe.

Question 2

Which of the following statements best describes the Ottoman political leadership after the death of Süleyman the Magnificent?

A)Ottoman leaders curbed exports and lost control of foreign trade.
B)Ottoman leaders encouraged economic innovation.
C)Ottoman leaders were competent and enlightened rulers.
D)Ottoman leaders supported reforming religious leaders.
E)Ottoman leaders allowed the state's military power to decay.

Answer 2

Ottoman leaders curbed exports and lost control of foreign trade.

Question 3

According to Frederick the Great,the flaws inherent in human nature

A)necessitated absolutism.
B)could be overcome through education.
C)could be overcome by religious devotion.
D)had been corrected in the Protestant Reformation.
E)had nothing to do with politics and government.

Answer 3

necessitated absolutism.

Question 4

Who was pushed to the margins as a trading power in the Americas while still controlling Surinam and a few Caribbean islands?

A)the Dutch
B)the Russians
C)the French
D)the Spanish
E)the British

Question 5

While most of Europe moved toward absolutism,which country moved a French-style constitutional monarchy?

A)England
B)France
C)the Netherlands
D)Prussia
E)Spain

Question 6

Who came to power in Russia in 1762 by deposing her husband and taking the throne?

A)Catherine
B)Maria Teresa
C)Elizabeth
D)Sophia
E)Anne

Question 7

Which country declined as it failed to encourage agricultural innovation,industry,and internal commerce while relying too much and for too long on revenue from its enormous New World colonies?

A)Spain
B)Russia
C)Britain
D)Poland
E)France

Question 8

According to mercantilist theory,the main benefit colonies brought the mother country was

A)economic.
B)social.
C)political.
D)intellectual.
E)military.

Question 9

Who was the first Romanov tsar in Russia?

A)Michael
B)Nicholas
C)Catherine
D)Peter
E)Alexander

Question 10

After 1600,who replaced the Portuguese as Europe's main carrier of goods to the Far East?

A)the Dutch
B)the Russians
C)the French
D)the Spanish
E)the British

Question 11

Which of the following statements BEST describes the state of Russia by 1700?

A)Russia had become the largest territorial kingdom on earth.
B)Russia had the most productive economy in Europe.
C)Russia was England's main rival for colonial power.
D)Russia was the dominant European military power.
E)Russia was a leader in advances in new technology and culture.

Question 12

Peter the Great believed Russia's strength would come from

A)Westernization and modernization.
B)upholding the Orthodox Church.
C)a free peasantry.
D)the independence of the nobility.
E)expansion to the Far East.

Question 13

Which country was the third largest in Europe at the beginning of the eighteenth century,and by the end of the century was completely dissolved?

A)Poland
B)Russia
C)Britain
D)Spain
E)France

Question 14

Which man's ideas influenced the constitutional compromise accepted by William and Mary?

A)John Locke
B)René Descartes
C)Daniel Webster
D)Thomas Hobbes.
E)Francis Bacon

Question 15

Which country was considered the model of seventeenth and eighteenth century absolutism?

A)France
B)England
C)Spain
D)Russia
E)Poland

Question 16

Although Caribbean colonies such as Guadeloupe and Barbados were small,they were valued by their mother countries because they

A)produced sugar.
B)had strategic value in Europe's war.
C)were an outlet for excess European population.
D)produced foodstuffs.
E)traded profitably with other colonies.

Question 17

The uprisings in France which helped convince the young Louis XIV that the monarchy must be the center of political power were called the

A)Fronde.
B)Parlement.
C)Intendent.
D)taille.
E)corvée.

Question 18

Which country,alone among the major powers of Europe during the seventeenth century,managed to combine a quasi-republican form of government and a small geographical base with great commercial power,political resilience,and artistic genius?

A)the Netherlands
B)Spain
C)Britain
D)Poland
E)France

Question 19

In 1713,whose empire included territories in Florida,Mexico,California,Cuba,Puerto Rico,and part of Hispaniola?

A)Spain
B)France
C)the Netherlands
D)England
E)Portugal

Question 20

Which "Great" Prussian ruler fought wars against Austria,Russian,and France,introduced agricultural improvements,put an end to torture and capital punishment,and codified the laws of the realm?

A)Frederick II
B)William
C)Otto
D)Franz
E)Frederick William I

Question 21

Cardinal Richelieu embraced the principle of "reason of state" which led him to

A)do what was in the interest of France,regardless of religious considerations.
B)carefully follow the guidance of the pope.
C)grant political equality to French Protestants.
D)only ally France with Catholic states.
E)move France toward a constitutional monarchy.

Question 22

Absolutism in France persisted and grew despite what situation that had undermined many medieval monarchies?

A)a series of minority kings.
B)a series of incompetent kings.
C)the lack of talented royal advisors.
D)a series of defeats in war.
E)a series of famines and economic crises.

Question 23

Puritans were religious radicals who sought to reform the church in

A)England.
B)France.
C)the Netherlands.
D)Sweden.
E)Spain.

Question 24

Compared to most of the other major areas of world civilization,the political map of late-sixteenth-century Europe was

A)the most fragmented.
B)typical of world political systems.
C)more centralized than other areas.
D)dominated by only two major powers
E)linguistically unified.

Question 25

Louis XIV set out to create an unchallenged center of political power because he

A)had lost faith and trust in the nobility after the Fronde.
B)had difficulty getting along with others.
C)knew that decisions were best made by one person.
D)felt that he was the only person able to lead France.
E)feared that England would invade at any time.

Question 26

Social and economic life in early modern Europe was organized around the

A)family.
B)town.
C)guild.
D)clan.
E)neighborhood.

Question 27

Süleyman the Magnificent was the last distinguished ruler of

A)the Ottoman Empire.
B)Russia.
C)Austria.
D)Persia.
E)Poland.

Question 28

At the end of the War of Spanish Succession,which nation fell into a long,slow decline that continued into the twentieth century?

A)Spain
B)England
C)France
D)Austria
E)Russia

Question 29

Why were people unlikely to seek a doctor's help if a family member fell ill in the eighteenth century?

A)The doctor could do little more than the family could to help the person recover.
B)Medicine was not widely available at the time.
C)There were few doctors available at the time.
D)The doctor conflicted with most people's spiritual beliefs.
E)No one believed that medicine was effective.

Question 30

What caused the failure of absolutism in Spain?

A)provincial political divisions
B)religious divisions
C)defeat in the Thirty Years' War
D)resistance from a powerful bourgeoisie
E)the lack of imperial resources

Question 31

Under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great,serfs were treated as

A)property.
B)members of the master's family.
C)people with unalienable rights.
D)useless people.
E)valuable industrial labor.

Question 32

France was unusual among European states in the seventeenth century in that

A)it struggled with Catholic-Protestant religious divisions.
B)it relied very little on colonies for national wealth.
C)there was little internal political unrest.
D)its kings voluntarily moved toward constitutional government.
E)an elected Parlement competed with the king for power.

Question 33

Which of the following would Louis XIV have chosen for a state official: a noble or a man from the middle class,and why?

A)A man from the middle class because he was no threat to the king's power.
B)A noble because only aristocrats should speak to the king.
C)A literate middle-class man because most of the nobles were illiterate.
D)A noble because he was more like to be a loyal Catholic.
E)A middle-class man because,unlike the nobles,his personal wealth made him incorruptible.

Question 34

The biggest loser as a result of developments in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe was

A)the Catholic Church.
B)national monarchs.
C)the merchant class.
D)the nobility.
E)the bourgeoisie.

Question 35

What strong enemy to the east prevented the Austrian Habsburgs from becoming a global power after the Thirty Years' War?

A)Muslims
B)Russia
C)Silesia
D)Greece
E)Poland

Question 36

Although Versailles was enormously expensive,Louis XIV would have considered it a good investment because

A)nobles forced to live at Versailles were less of a threat to royal power.
B)it made him the most admired man in Europe.
C)talented administrators to ran the kingdom from Paris while he enjoyed life at Versailles.
D)its fortifications kept him safe from attack.
E)it provided employment to thousands of French men and women.

Question 37

In trying to move England toward royal absolutism,James II was most likely influenced by the example of his cousin and contemporary

A)Louis XIV of France.
B)Frederick the Great of Prussia
C)Peter the Great of Russia.
D)Joseph II of Austria.
E)William of Orange of the Netherlands.

Question 38

As her ships penetrated markets around the globe,the seventeenth century became the "golden age" of

A)the Netherlands.
B)Britain.
C)France.
D)Spain.
E)Russia.

Question 39

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,governments across Europe became

A)larger and more bureaucratized.
B)more closely tied to the Catholic Church.
C)less dependent on professional administrators.
D)dominated by the middle class.
E)more localized and fragmented.

Question 40

The Seven Years' War differed from other eighteenth-century European conflicts because

A)it began in America over American issues.
B)it was fought mainly in India.
C)England and France,usually enemies,were allies.
D)it began in Europe and then became a world war.
E)it was mainly a war of religion.

Question 41

A noble in the court of Louis XIV was unable to build a power base away from court because

A)he was obliged to remain at Versailles.
B)he was completely loyal to Louis XIV.
C)he had no political ambitions of his own.
D)he had too little property to cause problems.
E)his only concern was the glory of France.

Question 42

Which of the following led to the partitioning of Poland?

A)lack of timely action by nobles to strengthen the Polish monarch
B)payment of banalities to the landowners for the use of mills,ovens,and tools
C)relying too long on the revenues from its colonies in the New World
D)the elimination of torture and capital punishment throughout the area
E)the claiming by the Polish monarch that he was God's agent on earth

Question 43

Which of these would most likely have happened under the French practice of mercantilism?

A)The export of French linen would have increased and the import of Chinese silk and British wool would have decreased.
B)The export of French linens would have increased and the import of British wool would have increased.
C)The export of French linen would have decreased and the import of Chinese silk and British wool would have increased.
D)The export of French linen would have remained the same and the import of British wood and Chinese silk would have decreased.
E)The export of French wine and linen would have decreased as the import of Chinese silk and British wool would have remained the same.

Question 44

The Fronde might be considered

A)the last grasp of aristocratic and popular opposition before French absolutism was firmly established.
B)the event which convinced Louis XIV that he could not govern without active aristocratic support.
C)the end of the religious wars in France.
D)proof that the policy of "reason of state" had failed.
E)the inspiration for a the French resistance theory of government.

Question 45

Why did absolutism succeed in Prussia?

A)Service to the state was expected of Prussian nobles.
B)The monarchy made its subjects convert to Catholicism.
C)The nobility admired France and Western forms of government.
D)The monarchy used a large conscript army to curb the power of the nobility.
E)Its rulers focused on economic development rather than military power.

Question 46

The increase of the population of Europe in the 1700s was a result of which of the following?

A)Improved agriculture produced more food and fodder.
B)Fewer people died from infectious disease.
C)More immigrants arrived from other countries.
D)No wars took place during this time.
E)Better medical care became available.

Question 47

Under the rule of Peter the Great,what happened to the peasant class in Russia?

A)They became virtual slaves to their landlords.
B)They developed new methods of agriculture.
C)They enjoyed unprecedented freedoms.
D)They became wealthier than ever before.
E)Their lives were vastly improved.

Question 48

What effect did the Russian peasant revolt of 1773 have on Catherine the Great?

A)It made her less sympathetic to the plight of the serfs.
B)It made her more sympathetic to the plight of the serfs.
C)It made her eager to revenge the influential landlords who had been killed.
D)It led to her increase the pace of the reforms she was instituting.
E)It caused her to rescind the reforms that she had previously made.

Question 49

In which eighteenth-century European nation did the monarchy,the aristocracy,the landed gentry,and the urban elite form the most effective partnership?

A)Britain
B)France
C)Spain
D)the Netherlands
E)Sweden

Question 50

What advances had the greatest impact on social structure in early modern Europe?

A)overseas trade and urban commerce
B)partitioning of land and new agricultural practices
C)higher taxes and fewer personal rights
D)better education and medical care
E)more nutritious food and city growth

Question 51

Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Spain's decline was largely a result of

A)overdependence on colonial wealth and a lack of internal economic growth.
B)a series of weak minority rulers.
C)internal divisions between Catholics and Protestants.
D)an aristocracy and church which played too small a role in society
E)bourgeois resistance to royal power.

Question 52

In their theories of absolute monarchy,James I of England and Frederick II of Prussia would have agreed that

A)with great power comes great responsibility.
B)the king serves God alone.
C)human goodness insures human happiness.
D)that government governs best that governs least.
E)religion and politics must be strictly separated.

Question 53

Why was Russia able to take over Siberia with little competition from other European powers?

A)Siberia was in the east,away from the area on which the other powers were focused on.
B)Siberia had no resources of interest to the other powers.
C)The other nations were unable to explore such remote areas as Siberia.
D)The other nations were less interested in expanding their global influence than was Russia.
E)Siberia could not be reached by the ocean,unlike other areas.

Question 54

The disappearance of Poland during the eighteenth century was due in part to the fact that,unlike most European nations,

A)Poland was not defined by natural frontiers.
B)Poland suffered from continual religious divisions.
C)there was no distinctive Polish nationality to unify the state.
D)Poland lacked a noble class.
E)Poland was too small to function as a national state.