Deck 8: The Emergence of Europe

Question 1

The lives of Brunhild and Fredegund are a reminder that in Merovingian times

A)women could be powers behind the throne.
B)Christianity was the greatest unifying force.
C)rulers preferred diplomacy to war in settling disputes.
D)the nobility was a tight-knit,cohesive group.
E)the throne usually passed peacefully from generation to generation.

Answer 1

women could be powers behind the throne.

Question 2

What was Theodoric doing when Clovis was consolidating the Frankish domain?

A)taking control of Italy
B)declaring war on Germany
C)fighting in a civil war
D)overthrowing the Frankish leader
E)fighting Arabs in the Mediterranean

Answer 2

taking control of Italy

Question 3

A resource-often land-that was given to vassals to support them while they served their lord was known as a feudum or a

A)fief.
B)donation.
C)capitulary.
D)relief.
E)wergeld.

Answer 3

fief.

Question 4

The fields on most manors were set off from one another by strips or turf in what was known as

A)the open-field system.
B)row cropping.
C)commendations
D)fallowing.
E)the segmented parcel method.

Question 5

What religion did the Visigoths convert to in 589?

A)Orthodox Christianity
B)paganism
C)Arianism
D)Catholic Christianity
E)Islam

Question 6

Memories of a battle in which the Britons triumphed over the Anglo-Saxons led to a cycle of stories about

A)King Arthur.
B)Charlemagne.
C)Saint Patrick.
D)Sigibert.
E)Alcuin.

Question 7

Which of the following declared the church and state to be separate and equal partners?

A)Doctrine of the Two Swords
B)Donation of Pepin
C)Power of the Keys
D)Donation of Constantine
E)Treaty of Verdun

Question 8

Who recalled Rome's legions from the north to Italy to fight the Visigoths?

A)Honorius
B)Constantine I
C)Clovis
D)Dagobert
E)Chlotar II

Question 9

Christianity in Ireland was centered on

A)monasteries and abbots.
B)Arianism.
C)cities.
D)bishops.
E)royal patronage.

Question 10

The region between the Rhine and Somme rivers was often referred to as "Austrasia," which means the

A)Eastern Lands.
B)No-Man's Land.
C)New Lands.
D)Unsettled Lands.
E)Western Territory.

Question 11

The oral traditions of Germans were first written down in

A)Latin.
B)English.
C)German.
D)Slavic.
E)Italian.

Question 12

Who aided in Pepin being crowned king?

A)Pope Zacharias
B)Peter
C)Pope Stephen II
D)Pepin's son
E)the Lombards

Question 13

The monetary compensation guilty parties could pay in order to prevent punishment was called

A)wergeld.
B)civitates.
C)feudum.
D)compurgation.
E)donation.

Question 14

The main Muslim group that threatened the later Carolingians was the

A)Aghlabids.
B)Avars.
C)Normans.
D)Allemani.
E)Saxons.

Question 15

A vassal commending himself to a lord would pledge

A)homage and fealty.
B)his life and love.
C)to follow the trivium.
D)to pay him wergeld.
E)piety and honor.

Question 16

What territory did Charlemagne use as a base south of the Pyrenees to launch crusades to reconquer Spain?

A)the Spanish March
B)Saxony
C)the Ostmark
D)Bavaria
E)Neustria

Question 17

What task did Clovis have when he created the Merovingian dynasty?

A)reorganizing Western Europe after the fall of Rome
B)resisting the spread of Christianity
C)training his soldiers in modern warfare
D)establishing fortifications across Gaul
E)saving the Roman Empire from falling

Question 18

Before becoming Kings of the Franks,the Carolingians controlled what office?

A)mayor of the palace
B)bishop of Paris
C)duke of Austrasia
D)count of the Spanish March
E)crown prince of Merovingia

Question 19

Which of the following confirmed existence of a papal kingdom in Italy?

A)Donation of Pepin
B)Church and state battle
C)Crowing of Pepin
D)Binding of the popes
E)Marrying of Lombard princesses

Question 20

What agreement divided the Carolingian Empire among three grandsons of Charlemagne?

A)Treaty of Verdun
B)Donation of Pepin
C)Donation of Constantine
D)Treaty of Mayfield
E)Capitulary of Aachen

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT true of Germanic rulers of Roman peoples?

A)They required subjects to adhere to German laws.
B)They integrated some Roman traditions with German customs.
C)They enforced the German system of private justice over Roman law.
D)They allowed vassals of German soldiers to stay on the land they invaded.
E)They allowed the guilty to avoid physical punishment by paying a fine.

Question 22

What is suggested by the fact that Charlemagne selected Aachen as the location for his court?

A)He was concerned with symbolism more than practicality.
B)He needed a centrally located capital.
C)He wanted to be close to aristocratic families.
D)Aachen was the largest city in the West,which added to Charlemagne's prestige.
E)He wanted to retire to a well-known Christian shrine.

Question 23

What action did most Britons take when the Anglo-Saxons moved into their area?

A)They fled to other countries.
B)They fought a violent war to get their land back.
C)They formed secret worshipping cults.
D)They lived quietly in the countryside.
E)They grouped together to exterminate the Anglo population.

Question 24

Why did Charlemagne allow the pope to crown him as the rightful Roman emperor in the West?

A)Charlemagne had failed in his negotiations for recognition with Byzantium.
B)The pope paid Charlemagne a large and influential bribe.
C)Charlemagne believed that only the pope had the authority to crown kings.
D)The Byzantine Empress Irene ordered the pope to crown him.
E)Papal crowning was required under the terms of the Treaty of Verdun.

Question 25

All of the following statements are true about Gregory the Great EXCEPT

A)He brought Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons.
B)He laid a foundation for the Papal States.
C)He earned the title "Europe's schoolmaster" for his scholarly work.
D)He defended Rome from the Lombards.

Question 26

Who wrote a rule that became the very foundation of Western monasticism?

A)Benedict of Nursia
B)Columba of Iona
C)Augustine of Hippo
D)Gregory of Tours
E)Ambrose of Milan

Question 27

What was the significance of the Battle of Tours in 732?

A)The Muslim advance into Europe was halted.
B)Francia was unified under the Merovingians.
C)Italy was temporarily brought under Byzantine rule.
D)Charlemagne absorbed Saxony into his kingdom.
E)The Anglo-Saxons established a foothold in Britain.

Question 28

Why did Pope Zacharias give his blessing to Pepin's claim to the Frankish throne?

A)The pope needed Pepin's help in dealing with the Lombards.
B)Pepin was the sole legitimate heir.
C)Popes had the power to make and unmake kings at their pleasure.
D)Pepin had been elected by the Merovingian nobles.
E)Pepin had turned back the Muslims at Gibraltar.

Question 29

Brunhild's impact on Austrasian politics would best be described as

A)complicating an already chaotic situation.
B)bringing peace to warring families.
C)ensuring a stable succession system.
D)preventing the spread of Christianity.
E)bringing honor to her family with her pious life.

Question 30

Although NOT practiced by the Merovingians,what was primogeniture?

A)a tradition that a kingdom would pass intact to the monarch's eldest son
B)a system of feudal military organization
C)the concept that subjects should accept the religion of their king
D)the claim that the throne should pass to whichever heir was the strongest
E)the notion that the kingdom should be passed through the female line

Question 31

What best explains why Ireland developed Christian customs of their own?

A)They were cut off from the rest of the Christian world.
B)They disagreed with some mainstream Christian practices.
C)Their customs evolved from their willingness to seek peace.
D)The bishop dictated what the country must do.
E)The people wanted their religion to be more exciting.

Question 32

Who was the most notable scholar hailing from a school that the Irish and Roman missions established in England?

A)Bede
B)Gregory I
C)Fortunatus
D)Alcuin
E)Columba

Question 33

What was the government's primary function in early Frankish society?

A)to restrain vendettas among quarrelling families
B)to end rampant thievery
C)to establish law codes and courts
D)to promote economic growth
E)to prevent civil war within the nation

Question 34

Pope Gregory the Great is credited with introducing

A)Gregorian chant.
B)miniscule writing.
C)study of the quadrivium.
D)the Gregorian Dictionary.
E)Papal Supremacy.

Question 35

According to the Bible,Jesus granted Peter the "power of the keys," which became a justification for

A)the leadership of the bishop of Rome over the Catholic Church.
B)the Carolingians' right to rule France.
C)the Church holding a monopoly on education.
D)keeping women subordinate to men.
E)a strict separation of church and state.

Question 36

Why did Charlemagne choose Aachen for his capital?

A)It had the prestige of being an old Roman spa.
B)It was at the center of his empire.
C)His wife,Brunhild,had been born there.
D)It was the site of an important Catholic bishopric.
E)It had been given to him by the Donation of Constantine.

Question 37

For which of the following were Irish monks renowned?

A)superior scholarship
B)righteous morals
C)living lives of quiet contemplation
D)peacekeeping skills
E)celibacy and sanctity

Question 38

What were the three subjects studied in the trivium?

A)grammar,dialectic,and rhetoric
B)arithmetic,geometry,and astronomy
C)reading,writing,and mathematics
D)religion,history,and music
E)art,music,and religion

Question 39

Why did Alcuin call Charlemagne Europae pater?

A)He reunited Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire.
B)His sons ruled all major European states for centuries.
C)He deposed the last Roman emperor.
D)He was simultaneously crowned both pope and king.
E)He was a direct descendant of Augustus.

Question 40

How did Clovis and the Merovingians view their domain?

A)as an estate or family property
B)as an economic unit
C)as defined by geography rather than nationality
D)as a partnership between noble equals
E)as a grant from the pope

Question 41

In what way did the Catholic Church play a social as well as a religious role in medieval society?

A)The church was a poor person's best option for moving up in the social hierarchy.
B)The church owned most of the property in Europe and employed most serfs.
C)The manorial system was organized around Catholic dioceses.
D)As clerical offices became hereditary,the church developed an aristocracy.
E)Knights had to be priests before they could enter a feudal relationship.

Question 42

What was the purpose behind the Carolingian Renaissance?

A)to rescue literacy so Europeans could access the ancient world
B)to revive religion so Europe would see God as he was once seen
C)to focus on potentially violent situations in a more peaceful manner
D)to bring back the love of pottery,literature,and painting to citizens
E)to explore the cultures of the rest of the world and incorporate them into life

Question 43

How were financial transactions completed during the early Middle Ages?

A)through the exchange of consumable or desirable items
B)with valuable coins passed from person to person
C)with paper money given to workers by employers
D)with IOUs written for when the economy rebounded
E)through taxes collected and then redistributed to those owed money

Question 44

What did Benedict's monks believe their vocation to be?

A)to intercede with God for the sinful world
B)to destroy the sinful people here on Earth
C)to preach God's word to the world
D)to convert the world to Christianity
E)to pray for the dead souls of the world

Question 45

Oaths served important functions as all of the following EXCEPT

A)routes for social mobility.
B)acts of homage.
C)words of allegiance.
D)services of commendation.
E)civil contracts.

Question 46

Suppose you are a vassal working for a landowner in the Middle Ages.How would you be compensated for your work?

A)You would be given the use of land equipped with laborers if you served your lord.
B)You would be given ownership of your land after serving with the same lord for five years.
C)You would be compensated by earning free board and food along with other consumable goods.
D)You would be paid in coins and pay taxes on any items of value that you owned.
E)You would be given a higher ranking each year,reaching the highest rank of lord after 20 years of service.

Question 47

Why did the owners of land that used the three-field system choose to plant beans and peas in the spring?

A)They restored nitrogen to the soil.
B)They grew best during cool spring months.
C)They were the simplest to plow.
D)They required a great deal of rain.
E)They were resilient to the harsh spring storms.

Question 48

In what way was Charlemagne's hope for schooling different from what he actually achieved?

A)The schools were not always able to fulfill their missions with the bishops.
B)The schools did not always accept the nobles into their programs.
C)The schools failed to provide teachers who were able to write.
D)The schools did not have enough funding to operate properly.
E)The schools taught religious beliefs inconsistent with Charlemagne's.

Question 49

The German comitatus and the Roman client-patron system both contributed to

A)the feudal system.
B)early Christian theology.
C)the medieval agricultural system.
D)the development of primogeniture.
E)the literature of the Carolingian Renaissance.

Question 50

Charlemagne's claim as successor to the Roman emperors mainly rested on

A)his unchallengeable position as the most powerful ruler in the West.
B)the validity of the Donation of Constantine.
C)a legitimate hereditary claim.
D)the support of the Byzantine emperor.
E)the support of the pope.

Question 51

Muslim Spain was unusual in that it was the primary location in Europe

A)where Muslims,Christians,and Jews influenced each other's cultures.
B)that avoided war during the Middle Ages.
C)that remained out of the mainstream of intellectual life.
D)where classical texts were copied and preserved.
E)where the trivium and quadrivium were studied.

Question 52

Einhard's biography of Charlemagne is best understood as

A)an unconvincing attempt to portray Charlemagne as a Roman emperor.
B)wildly exaggerated with little basis in fact.
C)a rebirth of serious historical writing during a true intellectual renaissance.
D)an attempt to have Charlemagne declared a Christian saint.
E)evidence of the continuity of Roman culture into Charlemagne's time.

Question 53

Which of the following best describes how the homeland of the Britons became England?

A)The German mercenaries who were hired to fight for them turned their backs and began setting up Angleland.
B)The Anglo-Saxons declared war on Britain and fought for the land and religious power.
C)The Britons elected a persuasive leader who converted their thoughts to Anglo-Saxon beliefs.
D)The Britons fought in a revolutionary civil war that pitted their two main religions against each other,and the Anglos won.
E)Germany invaded Britain,killed most of their forces,and became rulers of their land.

Question 54

How did Charlemagne hope to correct the lamentable condition of the church during his time?

A)by ordering cathedrals to establish schools
B)by teaching the bishops sacred historical chants
C)by ordering new bishops into the church
D)by donating most of his money to the church effort
E)by enlisting bishops from other countries to be teachers