Deck 4: The Hellenic Era

Question 1

Alcibiades was the chief advocate behind the failed invasion of

A)Sicily
B)Lesbos
C)Egypt
D)Thebes
E)Crete

Answer 1

Sicily

Question 2

Who assumed leadership of the Delian League after winning the battle of Marathon?

A)Cimon
B)Pericles
C)Miltiades
D)Sophocles
E)Aspasia

Answer 2

Cimon

Question 3

Why were the men of Melos slaughtered in 416 b.c.e.?

A)They refused to join the Athenian alliance.
B)They refused to let a Persian fleet enter their port.
C)A plague broke out,and there was no other way to contain it.
D)They refused an offer to ally with Sparta.
E)They unsuccessfully attacked Lesbos,prompting a counterattack.

Answer 3

They refused to join the Athenian alliance.

Question 4

Corinth's influence was due to its control of

A)an isthmus linking northern and southern Greece.
B)the Ionian Sea.
C)the Hellespont.
D)Euboea.
E)Messenia.

Question 5

Democritus' studies led him to conclude that everything in the material world

A)was made up of indivisible atoms.
B)was made from only four substances..
C)was an illusion.
D)could be explained by mathematics.
E)was beyond human understanding.

Question 6

Which polis was indirectly responsible for Cimon's fall from power?

A)Sparta
B)Corinth
C)Pireaus
D)Pegae
E)Mycenaean

Question 7

What is a demagogue?

A)a self-serving politician who leads by his words.
B)a type of Greek warship.
C)a non-citizen resident alien.
D)a Greek household.
E)an illegal ruler.

Question 8

The Odyssey is an example of what form of literature?

A)epic
B)lyrics
C)ode
D)history
E)dialogue

Question 9

The search for the fundamental principles of existence is called

A)metaphysics.
B)drama.
C)philosophy.
D)permanence.
E)substitutability.

Question 10

After Themistocles was ostracized by the Athenians,he took refuge in

A)Persia.
B)Egypt.
C)Sparta.
D)Corinth.
E)Megara.

Question 11

Which of the following did Heracleitus believe was an illusion?

A)permanence
B)objects
C)change
D)love
E)existence

Question 12

Thucydides is best known as

A)the historian of the Peloponnesian War..
B)the first Ionian scientist.
C)a Sophist.
D)the founder of mystery cult.
E)a playwright.

Question 13

Who is considered to be the greatest lyric poet of the archaic period?

A)Sappho
B)Homer
C)Thales
D)Plato
E)Aristotle

Question 14

Sparta's chief ally and Athens' major commercial competitor leading up to the Peloponnesian War was

A)Corinth.
B)Athens.
C)Megara.
D)Pegae.
E)Egypt.

Question 15

What gave Sparta an opportunity to invade Attica in 451 b.c.e.?

A)a rebellion among Athens' allies
B)a failed peace negotiation
C)an Athenian attack on Corinth
D)a plague which broke out in Athens
E)the unexpected death of Pericles

Question 16

Among the Greeks,the Spartans had the best army,and the Athenians had

A)the strongest naval power.
B)the most slaves.
C)the best hoplite equipment.
D)the most money.
E)the largest population..

Question 17

The most pressing business for the Greeks of the mid-fifth century b.c.e.was

A)evicting Persians from Greek territory.
B)developing new medicinal cures for disease.
C)erecting the Acropolis.
D)creating new fortifications to ward off enemies.
E)discovering what caused the earth's existence.

Question 18

What site did Demosthenes choose to occupy due to its strategic importance?

A)the bay at Pylos
B)Thebes
C)the isthmus of Corinth
D)the Hellespont
E)Megara

Question 19

Who financed the fleets that Sparta used to pursue Athens' army?

A)Persia
B)Egypt
C)Megara
D)Sicily
E)Corinth

Question 20

What was Pericles' strategy for winning the Peloponnesian War?

A)not fighting on the enemies' terms
B)recruiting a larger army than Sparta's
C)fortifying the borders of Attica to protect all his people
D)negotiating an alliance with Persia
E)pretending to surrender and then counterattacking

Question 21

Plato's Republic is mainly concerned with

A)describing an ideal state to replace a failed democracy.
B)explaining current Athenian politics.
C)classifying various forms of government.
D)justifying Athens' destruction of Melos.
E)arguing that man cannot know ultimate truth.

Question 22

The underlying cause of the Peloponnesian War was

A)divisions among the Greek poleis that had defeated the Persians.
B)the breakup of the Delian League.
C)Spartan aggression against Corinth.
D)Athenian resentment of Sparta's naval power.
E)a natural disaster destroying Greece's resources.

Question 23

Athens' greatest strength and greatest weakness was during the Peloponnesian War was its

A)sense of self-confidence.
B)strong economy .
C)alliance system.
D)reliance on her army.
E)aristocratic system of government.

Question 24

Acclaimed as one of the last great Greek tragedians,the author of a play about the Trojan War,was

A)Euripides.
B)Aristophanes.
C)Sophocles.
D)Aeschylus.
E)Herodotus.

Question 25

Greek theater began as

A)a civic duty in honor of Dionysus.
B)a way to distract the public from defeat in war.
C)pure entertainment.
D)a way to raise funds to rebuild the Acropolis after the Persian Wars.
E)an elite event from which the general public was barred.

Question 26

For which of these reasons did land-based armies have little hope of overtaking Athens?

A)Athens had control of the sea.
B)Athens' population was greater than any other.
C)Athens had the strongest fortifications.
D)Athens' weaponry was state of the art.
E)Athens had the largest army.

Question 27

The Spartans left Pausanias to starve because he was

A)overly ambitious and behaving like a Persian despot.
B)revealing military secrets to Athens.
C)fighting battles in which too many Spartans died.
D)urging Sparta to build overly expensive city walls.
E)encouraging the helots to rebel.

Question 28

The ostracism of Themistocles shows that the Athenians,like the Spartans,

A)distrusted any leader who became too successful..
B)cared more about military success than economic success..
C)preferred tyranny to democracy.
D)saw the overall Greek world as more important than an individual polis..
E)were always poor judges of a man's character..

Question 29

Before Hippocrates,ancient healing relied on

A)spells and charms.
B)observations.
C)homeopathy.
D)medicines.
E)surgeries.

Question 30

During the time between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars,Greek philosophers shifted their attention from

A)external senses to the human psyche.
B)philosophy to religion.
C)speculation to experiment.
D)meditation to reliance on the senses.
E)biology to astronomy.

Question 31

Aspasia was unusual among Greek women because she

A)played an influential role in politics.
B)preferred the care of the oikos to the public arena.
C)was a model of chastity and traditional morality.
D)wrote highly admired poetry.
E)dressed as a man and fought as a hoplite.

Question 32

The Peloponnesian War is to Thucydides as the Persian Wars are to

A)Herodotus.
B)Pericles.
C)Democritus.
D)Aristotle.
E)Euripides.

Question 33

Sparta and Athens overcame their differences and agreed to cooperate to

A)repel Xerxes' invasion.
B)build the largest navy in the world.
C)unify worship of the Olympian gods.
D)impose peace on all of Greece.
E)destroy Egyptian civilization.

Question 34

If a modern politician were to repeat Pericles' speech of 431 b.c.e.in the U.S.Senate

A)most of what he said would sound familiar and would not be seriously questioned.
B)that Senator would be charged with treason..
C)few of his colleagues would understand it..
D)an angry debate would start challenging the speech..
E)Americans would wonder where he got such strange ideas..

Question 35

For which of these reasons did Athens build the Long Walls?

A)to prevent being starved into submission
B)to keep enemies away from the Acropolis
C)to control trade with Egypt
D)to include Corinth in its fortified area
E)to provide a base for its army

Question 36

The Peloponnesian War began with a conflict between

A)Athens and Corinth over Megara.
B)Athens and Sparta over Thebes.
C)Corinth and Sparta over Messenia.
D)Delphi and Thebes over control of the isthmus.
E)the Greek poleis and Persia.

Question 37

Why did Megara become a focus of Greek conflicts after the Persian Wars? ?

A)Both Athens and Corinth wanted to control Megara's trade.
B)It was the wealthiest polis in Greece.
C)Megara's democratic government was a threat to Sparta.
D)It was a heavily fortified refuge against Persian attack.
E)Corinth feared that Megara would ally with Sparta.

Question 38

What was Athens' reaction when Potidaea refused to dismantle its defenses?

A)Athens seized the city.
B)Athens took several hostages.
C)Athens killed the leader of Potidaea.
D)Athens suggested a peace treaty.
E)Athens stole all of their resources.

Question 39

What did Aristotle do after leaving Plato's school?

A)He founded a school of his own.
B)He found another mentor to teach him.
C)He abandoned philosophy.
D)He became a Greek actor.
E)He traveled and told stories of Plato.

Question 40

What term is used to describe pottery during the Aegean Dark Age?

A)geometric
B)classicism
C)impressionism
D)red-figure
E)black-figure

Question 41

Pericles' speech to the Athenians in 431 b.c.e.is a reminder that

A)modern Western ideas about politics and society owe a great debt to the ancient Greeks.
B)without Aspasia,Pericles would not have been able to govern.
C)the ancient world is a foreign place modern people cannot understand.
D)the ancient Greeks were far wiser than modern men.
E)democracy is the worst form of government.

Question 42

Monists such as Thales believed that

A)everything in the world arose from a single substance,water.
B)the natural world was beyond man's understanding.
C)politics was the only fit subject for philosophers.
D)humans could only fully understand one idea at a time.
E)man is the measure of all things.

Question 43

Thucydides' generation knew that a human's senses could deceive them.To what conclusion did this lead?

A)Humans had to learn more about themselves.
B)Humans had to develop instruments to enhance the senses.
C)Humans should not believe what they sense.
D)Humans should disregard the world around them.
E)Humans will learn about the world in the afterlife.

Question 44

Those that used rhetoric to sway voters from Athens were called

Question 45

The Iliad and the Odyssey are both considered to be

Question 46

Socrates saw his own death at the hands of the Athenian government as

A)the ultimate statement of his philosophical beliefs.
B)an unfortunate and unnecessary accident.
C)part of the natural process of matter being recycled..
D)the worst crime Athens could have committed.
E)the ultimate proof of a failed democracy.

Question 47

In which way did the Greeks treat history differently than people in Egypt and the Middle East?

A)The Greeks looked for patterns that made the past meaningful.
B)The Greeks accumulated data of historical events.
C)The Greeks dismissed history's panorama as a byproduct.
D)The Greeks regarded history as a struggle between the gods.
E)The Greeks focused on the religious significance of events.

Question 48

Which of the following was implied by Democritus' thought that the world was a swirl of objects that randomly come together and split apart?

A)life was meaningless
B)there was one eternal substance
C)an afterlife did not exist
D)the earth would one day end
E)time was an illusion

Question 49

Modern science and philosophy are most indebted to

Question 50

The Peloponnesian War would best be described as

A)a series of truces broken by renewed war.
B)a short,decisive Spartan victory.
C)proof that democracy always wins out over militarism.
D)a long war,with a decisive Spartan victory.
E)a long war resulting in clearly defined alliances.

Question 51

To what did the logic of Heracleitus and Parmenides lead?

A)a description of the world that defied common sense
B)the discovery of the eternal substance
C)Greek theater imitating the gods
D)natural medicine being used to treat diseases
E)a conflict between philosophers and physicians

Question 52

Why were later Christian theologians able to accept Aristotle?

A)They identified his "unmoved mover" with the Christian God.
B)His dialogues seem to foretell the birth of Christ.
C)He shared their distrust of the things of this world.
D)His defined reality as a reflection of the great Idea,which Christians saw as the mind of God.
E)His logic is similar to the teachings of the Bible.

Question 53

Why did Anaximander disagree with the theory that water was the world's eternal substance?

A)human senses cannot experience an eternal substance
B)water was not abundant enough to be an eternal substance
C)humans would not be able to ingest an eternal substance
D)the eternal substance had to be something that was not limited
E)an eternal substance must be an inert solid

Question 54

How did the thoughts of the Greek thinkers differ from that of earlier traditional wisdom?

A)They believed the world consisted of orderly principles.
B)They believed that the earth was a phenomenon humans couldn't explore.
C)They believed the gods controlled all that occurred.
D)They believed that divine forces could not be interfered with.
E)They believed that analysis was illogical.

Question 55

Which of the following statements explains Herodotus' underlying purpose of sharing the history of the Persian War?

A)to explain how important it is to work together
B)to create a deeper hate of Athenians
C)to show that war does accomplish things
D)to explain that humans are inherently evil
E)to describe the importance of location

Question 56

How does the Age of Pericles exemplify the Greek concept of hybris?

A)Athens' success and power led to overconfidence and overreach resulting in Athens' destruction.
B)Athens never pushed the boundaries of the possible and fell short of its potential.
C)Athens showed that human weakness always outweighs human potential.
D)Athens showed that humans can reach perfection if they all work together.
E)Athens' history is no guide for what humans can achieve.

Question 57

Why does surviving Greek architecture and sculpture give a misleading impression of classical Greek art?

A)They lack the bright colors Greeks would have seen.
B)Too few examples survive to represent the whole.
C)The Greeks did not consider architecture or sculpture significant art forms.
D)Art and architecture are meaningless separated from their original settings.
E)We have no way of knowing what art the Greeks themselves valued.

Question 58

In which way did the Hippocratic tradition of medicine differ from ancient healing?

A)It was free of superstition.
B)It relied on spells and charms.
C)No observation took place.
D)It relied on the gods for healing.
E)It denounced the use of drugs.

Question 59

Representatives from the poleis met to form a league on the island of Delos because it was

Question 60

Classical Greek sculpture,such as the kouros,was intended to show

A)the ideal essence of humanity.
B)man with all his shortcomings.
C)how contemporary Greeks looked.
D)an abstract image beyond reality.
E)the imagination and individualism of the sculptor.