Deck 2: Exploring Self-Awareness and Communication

Question 1

Natasha contemplates her relationship to other forces in the universe, but not from a religious standpoint. Natasha is exploring which component of self?

A) Material self
B) Social self
C) Spiritual self
D) Emotional self

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When Katy was asked to describe herself, she said "I'm a soccer player." When Brian was asked the same question, he said "I'm on the chess team." These examples show which kind of influence on self-concept?

A) Communication with others
B) Association with groups
C) Roles we assume
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The assessment of your worth or value as reflected in your perceptions of such things as your skills, abilities, appearance and talents is called _____.

A) self-esteem
B) self-expectations
C) material self
D) ascribed identity

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following accurately describes the term self-concept?

A) It changes with each person you meet.
B) It is developed at birth.
C) It is deeply rooted and slow to change.
D) It is created quickly.

Question 5

Juan has recently noticed that when he works with his group on the group project, they dismiss his suggestions. He has no idea how to go about getting them to listen to his ideas. At which level of self-awareness is Juan with regard to his skills?

A) Unconscious incompetence
B) Conscious incompetence
C) Conscious competence
D) Unconscious competence

Question 6

As Ellen was nearing graduation, she thought back over her college career. Although she had wanted to be more involved in extra-curricular activities, she had focused more on her studies and tended to describe herself first as a student. What aspect of the formation of self-concept does this describe?

A) Assumed role
B) Cyber selves
C) Avowed identity
D) Association with groups

Question 7

When Tina saw Carli's new shirt, she said she didn't like it because the color reminded her of seaweed. Tina's response is an example of a(n) _____.

A) belief
B) attitude
C) value
D) behavior

Question 8

Jenny sees herself as a caring person. She communicates this perception of herself to a career counselor; therefore, the counselor recommends that she enter the field of nursing. Jenny's interaction with the counselor demonstrates what dimension of Jenny's self-awareness?

A) Material self-awareness
B) Subjective self-awareness
C) Objective self-awareness
D) Symbolic self-awareness

Question 9

The human ability to think about what we're doing while we're doing it is called _____.

A) self-reflexiveness
B) self-awareness
C) ascribed identity
D) avowed identity

Question 10

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the social self?

A) You are represented by the things you own.
B) You are what you have.
C) You have different selves in relation to different people.
D) You attempt to answer for yourself, "Why am I here?"

Question 11

Jaclyn thinks life exists on other planets. This example illustrates which component of self-concept?

A) Belief
B) Attitude
C) Value
D) Behavior

Question 12

Danielle is able to observe and reflect upon her own mental states, thus exhibiting ______.

A) self-awareness
B) self-image
C) self-expectations
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 13

When Maury is asked to describe herself, her first response is that her friends often call her an overachiever. This describes her _____.

A) avowed identity
B) assumed role
C) ascribed identity
D) aspect of her spiritual self

Question 14

When Maslow referred to the unconscious competence, he was explaining how people attain _____ skills.

A) business
B) physiological
C) rhetoric
D) communication

Question 15

Athena thinks that killing animals for food is morally wrong. Athena's convictions would be which of the following?

A) An attitude
B) A belief
C) A value
D) A behavior

Question 16

Maria does not feel confident with her academic abilities in calculus class; however, she feels at ease with her abilities in her drawing class. This example illustrates which of the following?

A) Self
B) Self-concept
C) Self-image
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 17

Priscilla feels that she is unattractive and unlovable following a break-up with her boyfriend. Prior to this incident, Priscilla had a healthy view of her worth. Priscilla experienced a decrease in which of the following?

A) Self-reflexiveness
B) Self-concept
C) Self-esteem
D) Self-consciousness

Question 18

Aisha noticed at work that Vincent and Michelle kept asking her advice on office procedures. Soon, she began to see herself as competent and knowledgeable. Which of the following statements best describes the means by which Vincent and Michelle influenced Aisha's self-concept?

A) Communication with others
B) Association with groups
C) Roles we assume
D) Self-labels

Question 19

When he talks to his roommate, Andrew is more likely to tell him more personal thoughts than he would if he was talking to his professor. According to James's theory of the self, Andrew is demonstrating his _____ self.

A) material
B) social
C) spiritual
D) emotional

Question 20

Alfonso is very tall and thin and cannot seem to add any muscle, although he works out in the gym four days every week. While at the gym, Alfonso compares his lack of muscle with the muscles of other men who work out at the gym. Alfonso's concern with this discrepancy is attributed to his focus on his _____ self.

A) material
B) subjective
C) objective
D) symbolic

Question 21

Aaron was asked to give a speech to the incoming freshmen about the advantages of serving in student government. He had never given a speech before and was very nervous. A speech professor suggested that in addition to practicing, he could picture himself delivering the speech successfully, and receiving favorable feedback from his audience. Which method did the professor recommend to help Aaron manage his communication apprehension?

A) Visualization
B) Positive self-talk
C) Reframing
D) Surrounding himself with positive people

Question 22

After Patrice failed the first math quiz, she thought she would fail the whole class. Then she realized it was just one quiz and she would have many more quizzes in the future that would boost her grade. This demonstrates the concept of _____.

A) reframing
B) visualization
C) narcissism
D) Stereotyping

Question 23

What occurs during the interpretation stage of the perception process?

A) Missing information is filled in.
B) Stimuli is organized.
C) Certain stimuli are focused on.
D) Meaning is assigned to stimuli.

Question 24

Barry is driving Suzie home from a party. Barry notices that Suzie has her arms crossed and she is looking out the window of the car and making no attempt to communicate with him. Based on Suzie's nonverbal behavior, Barry infers that she is upset with him. Barry's inference about Suzie's behavior illustrates which stage of the perceptual process?

A) Attending and selecting stimuli
B) Interpreting
C) Responding and expressing understanding
D) Organizing stimuli

Question 25

______ refers to an inflated view of one's self, especially about one's own power and importance.

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Narcissism
C) Reframing
D) Stereotyping

Question 26

Christa experienced extreme anxiety about the thought of giving a presentation to her classmates. On the day of the presentation, she repeated in her mind statements such as, "You are well-prepared." and "You have valuable information to share with your audience." What technique was Christa using to boost her self-esteem?

A) Positive self-talk
B) Visualization
C) Reframing
D) Losing your baggage

Question 27

The stage of perception in which we put information into patterns is called _____.

A) attention
B) reframing
C) interpretation
D) organization

Question 28

The idea that what we believe will occur in the future is likely to come true because we believe it will come true is called_____.

A) social comparison
B) self-expectation
C) self-consciousness
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 29

Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning stereotypes?

A) All stereotypes are negative.
B) We stereotype people because of our nature to simplify and categorize.
C) People who use stereotypes are usually doing so intentionally.
D) It is fairly easy to rid ourselves of harmful stereotypes.

Question 30

Pat is watching TV, and his roommate walks in and tells Pat that he wishes to talk to him. Pat turns off the TV in order to focus on the conversation with the roommate. Pat's decision to focus on the roommate rather than the television illustrates what stage of the perceptual process?

A) Attention and selection
B) Organization
C) Interpretation
D) Closure

Question 31

The term for the psychological and emotional characteristics of individuals that cause them to be masculine, feminine, or androgynous is _____.

A) sex
B) gender
C) ethnicity
D) culture

Question 32

Andrew had plans to be married by the age of 25; however, he turned 30 and was still unmarried. He concluded that he was incapable of maintaining a healthy relationship. Andrew's self-esteem was impacted by which of the following?

A) Gender differences
B) Social comparison
C) Self-expectations
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 33

Assuming a person belongs to a particular group because of his or her clothing is an example of which of the following?

A) Selection
B) Reframing
C) Closure
D) Attention

Question 34

The first stage in the perception process involves _____.

A) selection
B) organization
C) interpretation
D) direction

Question 35

Which of the following would help a person develop a more positive self-esteem?

A) Compare yourself to others.
B) Place a label on yourself based upon one incident.
C) Mentally rehearse all possible scenarios, positive and negative.
D) Surround yourself with positive people.

Question 36

Robin suspected that her roommate, Julie, wanted to break up with her boyfriend. Rather than asking her specifically, Robin paid close attention to how Julie complained about him, avoided his phone calls, and was late getting ready for dates with him. What method was Robin using to check her perception of Julie's feelings?

A) Direct perception checking
B) Indirect perception checking
C) Social comparison
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 37

Larry grew up in a family in which his mother and father were constantly fighting and insulting each other. Their divorce was especially messy and mean. The poor quality of their relationship caused Larry to avoid commitment in a loving relationship for many years. Larry finally decides that he can no longer allow his feelings about love and marriage to be colored by his parents' failures. Which technique for improving self-esteem did Larry use?

A) Developing honest relationships
B) Visualizing
C) Positive messages
D) Losing your baggage

Question 38

The statement, "I'm not intelligent because my roommate gets better grades than I do," illustrates which of the following?

A) Self-fulfilling prophecy
B) Social comparison
C) Self-expectations
D) Social expectations

Question 39

Martin knew he was going to fail the upcoming math test because he felt he wasn't good at math and never had been. Martin's thoughts are an example of _____.

A) self-concept clarity
B) self-expectations
C) self-awareness
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 40

Ever since she was a little girl, Rhonda knew she wanted to be a teacher. Now that she is applying to college for a degree in education, she can hardly wait until that dream comes true. Her belief has been stable over a long period of time. This is an example of _____.

A) self-analysis
B) self-worth avoidance
C) self-concept clarity
D) self-esteem

Question 41

Some scholars refer to self-talk as "outside influences."

Question 42

Maslow's framework involving unconscious competence is designed to explain a person's values.

Question 43

You have been described by your significant other as a "jokester." This description is an example of an avowed identity.

Question 44

Symbolic self-awareness is the unique human ability to develop a representation of one's self and communicate that representation to others through language.

Question 45

Your self-image can change depending on the situation you are in.

Question 46

Self-awareness refers to your assessment of your worth or values as reflected in your perception of your skills, abilities, talents, and appearance.

Question 47

If you are operating in the unconscious incompetence level, you are unaware of your own incompetence and don't know what you don't know.

Question 48

Your response to the question "Who am I in general?" is part of your self-image.

Question 49

Maya believes she will make new friends in college and her predictions come true. This is an example of reframing.

Question 50

Your spiritual self is the part of you that attempts to answer, "Why am I here?"

Question 51

The extent to which beliefs about ourselves are clearly and confidently identified and are stable over time is known as self-concept clarity.

Question 52

Conscious competence occurs when we are aware that we know or can do something, but it has not yet become an integrated habit.

Question 53

Toni didn't want to ask Molly directly if she was mad, so he asked Michael if he thought Molly was mad. This is an example of _____ perception checking.

A) indirect
B) linear
C) direct
D) opposite

Question 54

According to William James, having a "social self" means that you communicate exactly the same with everyone you meet.

Question 55

Veronica noticed that her roommate responded with short, one-word answers to her questions. She suspected that her roommate was upset with her, but she didn't know why. She asked her, "It seems like you have been avoiding me all day. When I ask you a question, you answer with only a few words. Have I done something to make you mad at me?" This statement is an example of _____.

A) direct perception checking
B) indirect perception checking
C) social comparison
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 56

When James describes himself as being a flight attendant, he is discussing his ascribed identity.

Question 57

Our social self is exemplified in the clothes we choose to wear.

Question 58

"I like chocolate dipped ice cream cones." This statement is an example of an attitude.

Question 59

A value is a learned predisposition to respond to a person, object, or idea in a favorable or unfavorable way.

Question 60

The term sex is more broad and inclusive than the term gender.

Question 61

A social construction that encompasses biological sex, psychological characteristics, attitudes about the sexes, and sexual orientation is known as _____.

Question 62

The selection stage of perception refers to the act of perceiving all of the stimuli in your environment.

Question 63

Your _____ identity is one that others assign to you and you may not agree with.

Question 64

Name and explain William James' three components of the self.

Question 65

Jillian effectively uses public speaking skills without having to concentrate heavily on what she is doing. Jillian is functioning at a level of _____ on Maslow's framework.

Question 66

Identify self-expectations and describe how they relate to self-esteem.

Question 67

Your interior identity is one way to describe your _____.

Question 68

Briefly explain how you might differentiate between a person's spiritual self and what some might call a "religious self."

Question 69

Explain the difference between the terms sex and gender as described in the book.

Question 70

_____ are components of self-concept that are expressed in the ways in which you structure your understanding of reality-what is true and what is false.

Question 71

According to William James's model of the self, the _____ self is the part of yourself that is defined through the process of your introspections about your values and moral standards.

Question 72

Explain how our communication with others relates to the development of our self-concept.

Question 73

Explain the concept of "losing your baggage" and its effect on self-esteem.

Question 74

Detail the three stages of the perception process.

Question 75

Closure is the process of filling in missing information by imposing a pattern or structure.

Question 76

Define self-talk and visualization. How are they different from each other?

Question 77

Identify and give an example of attitudes, beliefs and values.

Question 78

Briefly explain why surrounding yourself with positive people can help to enhance your self-esteem.

Question 79

An evaluation of one's worth or value that can fluctuate is known as _____.

Question 80

_____ are components of self-concept that are expressed as enduring concepts of good and bad or right and wrong.