Deck 5: Shoulder Complex

Question 1

Relative to the distal humeral condyles, the humeral head is rotated _________ in the ___________ plane.

A) anterior; sagittal
B) anterior; transverse
C) posterior; sagittal
D) posterior; transverse

Answer 1

posterior; transverse

Question 2

Upward rotation of the scapula occurs primarily about a(n) ____________ axis.

A) anterior-posterior
B) medial-lateral
C) superior-inferior
D) vertical

Answer 2

anterior-posterior

Question 3

The acromioclavicular joint is classified as a ___________ joint.

A) ball and socket
B) gliding
C) sellar
D) pivot

Answer 3

gliding

Question 4

On average during elevation of the arm, a ____ ratio of glenohumeral to scapular motion exists.

A) 1:2
B) 2:1
C) 2:2
D) 1:3

Question 5

The glenoid labrum adds approximately _____ % more surface area to the depth and curve of the glenoid fossa.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 100

Question 6

Elevation at the sternoclavicular joint takes place between:

A) the sternal end of the clavicle and articular disc
B) the articular disc and the sternum (manubrium)
C) both the sternal end of clavicle and articular disc and between the disc and sternum
D) the acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion

Question 7

Medial and lateral tilting of the scapula occurs about a(n) _________ axis.

A) anterior-posterior
B) medial-lateral
C) superior-inferior
D) coronal

Question 8

The sternoclavicular joint is classified as a _______________ joint.

A) ball and socket
B) gliding
C) sellar
D) pivot

Question 9

The acromioclavicular joint is thought to contribute approximately _________ $\degree$ to upward rotation of the scapula.

A) 30
B) 60
C) 90
D) 120

Question 10

As the arm is elevated in the scapular plane (particularly during higher angles of elevation), which combination of tilts at the scapula occur?

A) Anterior and medial
B) Anterior and lateral
C) Posterior and medial
D) Posterior and lateral

Question 11

Tension in this ligament facilitates posterior rotation of the clavicle during elevation of the upper extremity:

A) acromioclavicular
B) coracoclavicular
C) coracoacromial
D) coracohumeral

Question 12

Which motions of the scapula occur when an individual places his or her upper extremity behind his or her back (functional medial rotation)?

A) Anterior and medial tilt
B) Posterior and medial tilt
C) Anterior and lateral tilt
D) Posterior and lateral tilt

Question 13

During protraction at the sternoclavicular joint, the ___________ clavicle glides ____________ on the sternum.

A) concave; anterior
B) convex; anterior
C) concave; posterior
D) convex; posterior

Question 14

The shoulder complex as a whole primarily relies on ___________ for stability.

A) bony geometry
B) active and passive restraints
C) negative intra-articular pressure
D) external load-compression of articular surfaces

Question 15

The primary purpose of the shoulder complex is to:

A) lift and push objects
B) assist with forced inspirations and expirations
C) place the hand in position for function
D) elevate the body

Question 16

The scapulothoracic joint is classified as a _____________ joint.

A) synovial
B) syndesmosis
C) amphiarthrosis
D) pseudo

Question 17

Motion at the scapulothoracic joint is a result of combined motion from which joint(s)?

A) Acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular
B) Sternoclavicular and glenohumeral
C) Glenohumeral and acromioclavicular
D) Only the acromioclavicular

Question 18

Protraction of the sternoclavicular joint occurs in the _____________ plane.

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) coronal
D) transverse

Question 19

How many degree(s) of angular freedom are present at the sternoclavicular joint?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 20

The shoulder complex is attached to the axioskeleton at which joint?

A) Acromioclavicular
B) Glenohumeral
C) Scapulothoracic
D) Sternoclavicular

Question 21

The majority of clavicular elevation occurs in the second 90 $\degree$ of humeral elevation.

Question 22

The humeral head is approximately _____ times the size of the glenoid fossa.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 23

During abduction, the humerus must rotate medially so the greater tuberosity can "clear" the acromion.

Question 24

A strong contraction of the biceps with the elbow flexed and shoulder abducted to 90 $\degree$ , promotes _________ and prevents _________ translation of the glenohumeral joint.

A) compression; superior
B) compression; inferior
C) distraction; superior
D) distraction; inferior

Question 25

Which ligament is primarily responsible to resist gravity's downward pull on the humeral head with the arm in the resting position?

A) Coracoacromial
B) Coracoclavicular
C) Coracohumeral
D) Middle glenohumeral

Question 26

The glenohumeral joint is classified as a ___________ joint.

A) ball and socket
B) gliding
C) sellar
D) pivot

Question 27

The tendon of the long head of the biceps is considered to be:

A) intra-articular and intrasynovial
B) intra-articular and extrasynovial
C) extra-articular and intrasynovial
D) extra-articular and extrasynovial

Question 28

The normal limitation or "end feel" for all motions of the glenohumeral joint is:

A) firm
B) bone to bone
C) soft tissue approximation
D) springy

Question 29

As the upper extremity progresses to higher levels of elevation, the moment arm for the lower trapezius to upwardly rotate the scapula becomes larger.

Question 30

With the upper extremities in a closed kinetic chain, depression of the scapula will cause elevation of the trunk and body.

Question 31

The glenoid fossa's alignment is tipped a few degrees inferior relative to the scapula's vertebral border.

Question 32

Lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint is greater at 90 $\degree$ of abduction compared with when the arm is at 0 $\degree$ of abduction (resting by the side).

Question 33

Which of the following is a structural cause of subacromial impingement syndrome?

A) Muscle imbalances
B) Muscle fatigue
C) Poor posture
D) Hooked or angled acromion

Question 34

During scapular elevation, small adjustments at the acromioclavicular joint allow the vertebral border of the scapula to remain essentially vertical in alignment.

Question 35

During upward rotation of the scapula, the axis of rotation of the scapula migrates laterally.

Question 36

The deltoid muscle is essential to fully abduct the arm.

Question 37

The resting or loose packed position of the glenohumeral joint is full abduction and lateral rotation.

Question 38

During lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint, the humerus rolls _________ and glides or slides __________.

A) anterior; anterior
B) anterior; posterior
C) posterior; anterior
D) posterior; posterior

Question 39

The anterior capsule of the glenohumeral joint becomes taut with extreme ___________ and ___________.

A) lateral rotation; flexion
B) lateral rotation; extension
C) medial rotation; flexion
D) medial rotation; extension

Question 40

Anterior tilting of the scapula occurs when the superior border of the scapula tilts forward with its inferior angle moving away from the thorax.