Deck 9: Infection and Inflammation

Question 1

A client who recently underwent an abdominal surgery is scheduled for an immediate surgery due to a wound healing complication. What is the complication of healing that the client might have developed?
1) Dehiscence
2) Evisceration
3) Keloid
4) All of the above

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A client has developed an infection after a dental implant surgery. Which condition is the client likely to develop if the infection is left untreated?
1) Septicemia
2) Anthracosis
3) Tuberculosis
4) None of the above

Answer 2

1

Question 3

A 2-year-old client was brought to the hospital with fever. Reports revealed that the client has developed an acute infection. What nursing intervention should the nurse implement for the client?
1) Administer aspirin.
2) Administer a salicylate-based nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
3) Administer ibuprofen.
4) None of the above

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Which component of the blood surrounds and consumes foreign material in phagocytosis?
1) White blood cells
2) Blood plasma
3) Red blood cells
4) Blood platelets

Question 5

A client was brought to the hospital with wounds sustained from a bicycling accident. Which clinical interventions should the nurse carry out to facilitate optimal wound healing?
1) Vigorous irrigation
2) Cleansing while changing dressing
3) Removal of foreign matter
4) All of the above

Question 6

Which bacteria proliferates quickly due to ischemia?
1) Clostridium perfringens
2) Treponema pallidum
3) Mycobacteria tuberculi
4) All of the above

Question 7

While assessing the vital signs of a 35-year-old client, the nurse records a blood pressure of 130/85 and body temperature as 103⁰ F. The client's complete blood count value indicates the presence of an acute infection. What is the best nursing intervention for this client?
1) Administer aspirin to reduce fever.
2) Avoid administering ibuprofen to reduce fever.
3) Avoid administering acetaminophen to reduce fever.
4) All of the above

Question 8

An ultrasound performed on a client shows an abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus. What term best describes the complication that the client has developed?
1) Evisceration
2) Fistula
3) Stricture
4) None of the above

Question 9

A client has been working in a coal mine for a long time. Which condition is the client likely to develop?
1) Celiac disease
2) Anthracosis
3) Chronic hepatitis
4) Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 10

A client reports fever and shortness of breath. The complete blood count with differential shows a white blood count of 16,000 cells/mL with90% neutrophils,2% eosinophils, and 1% basophils. Which condition has the client developed?
1) Viral pneumonia
2) Bacterial pneumonia
3) Both A and B
4) Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 11

A registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about the cell cycle and tissue healing. Which statement made by a student nurse needs correction?
1) "Hepatocytes remain in the resting stage until stimulated."
2) "Bone marrow cells are examples of labile cells."
3) "Cardiac myocytes proliferate during the cell cycle and heal tissue damage."
4) "Brain cells affected by stroke cannot regenerate."

Question 12

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the effects of nutrition on wound healing. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching?
1) "A negative nitrogen balance improves the wound healing process."
2) "Fats are essential for wound healing."
3) "A protein-rich diet should be given to clients after surgery."
4) "Vitamins are essential for wound healing."

Question 13

A client with arthritis asks the nurse the reason for delayed healing of the ulcers the client has developed on the knees. Which is the best answer?
1) "Prednisone, a corticosteroid, delays the healing process."
2) "Amitriptyline, an antidepressant, delays the healing process."
3) "Naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, delays the healing process."
4) "Celebrex, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, delays the healing process."

Question 14

A client reports persistent cough. The nurse suspects the client may have developed tuberculosis. Which diagnostic test does the nurse expect the primary health-care provider to prescribe to confirm this condition?
1) Histological examination
2) X-ray of the lungs
3) Both A and B
4) Electrocardiogram

Question 15

The nurse is reviewing the complete blood count of a client who presents with fever. The white blood cell count of the client is 15,000 cells/mL. Which condition has the client developed?
1) Leukocytosis
2) Leukopenia
3) Neutrophilia
4) None of the above

Question 16

How is acute inflammation different from chronic inflammation?
1) Acute inflammation is characterized by the predominance of neutrophils.
2) Acute inflammation is characterized by the predominance of monocytes.
3) Acute inflammation is characterized by the predominance of lymphocytes.
4) Acute inflammation is characterized by the predominance of macrophages.

Question 17

Which component of the blood is involved during an inflammatory response due to a respiratory burst from the mitochondria?
1) Eosinophils
2) Basophils
3) Neutrophils
4) Lymphocytes

Question 18

Which component enables the blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable during the vascular phase of inflammation?
1) White blood corpuscles
2) Blood platelets
3) Inflammatory mediators
4) C-reactive proteins
Exhibit

Question 19

While caring for an obese client who has undergone an abdominal surgery, the nurse finds that the client vomits occasionally. What is the complication of healing that the client might have developed?
1) Dehiscence
2) Pressure ulcers
3) Adhesion D
4) None of the above

Question 20

A nurse is teaching a client with a decubitus ulcer about the nutrients required for wound healing. Which statement made by the client indicates effective learning?
1) "Consuming orange juice will improve wound healing."
2) "Consuming dairy products will encourage rapid wound healing."
3) "Adding zinc to the diet will help with wound healing."
4) "Taking vitamin K will reduce the risk of decubitus ulcers."

Question 21

Which clients would benefit from hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
1) A client with a skin graft
2) A client with diabetic foot ulcers
3) A client with anthracosis
4) A client with osteoarthritis
5) A client with gangrene in the toes

Question 22

Which components of the blood attract platelets to the site of the injury in the form of a chemical signal?
1) Histamine
2) Interleukins
3) Microbial agents
4) Endothelial cells
5) White blood corpuscles

Question 23

What are the inflammatory mediators that are released from white blood cells (WBCs)?
1) TNF-alpha
2) Interleukins
3) Fibrinogen
4) Leukotrienes
5) Granuloma

Question 24

A nurse is caring for four clients in a hospital. Which wound takes extensive time and requires more support to heal?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 25

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about C-reactive proteins. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective teaching?
1) "It identifies the presence of foreign material in the immune system."
2) "It stimulates other inflammatory cytokines."
3) "It prevents WBC adhesion to endothelium."
4) "It stimulates gastric mucous production."
5) "It identifies the presence of tubercles."