Deck 21: Restrictive and Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Question 1

A nurse is preparing a client for a central venous catheter insertion. Which condition during the operating procedure should the nurse be most alert of?
1) Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)
2) Tension pneumothorax
3) Iatrogenic pneumothorax
4) Traumatic pneumothorax

Answer 1

3

Question 2

Which lung condition is common in clients with a genetic disorder such as Marfan syndrome as well as frequent smokers?
1) Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
2) Traumatic pneumothorax
3) Tension pneumothorax
4) Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 2

4

Question 3

A primary health-care provider finds that a client is suffering from symptoms such as jugular venous distension, ascites, hepatomegaly, and ankle or sacral edema. What condition does the health-care provider interpret from this situation?
1) Pulmonary hypertension
2) Cor pulmonale
3) Asthma
4) Chronic hypoxia

Answer 3

2

Question 4

A nurse is assessing a client who has been working in the paint factory for an extensive period. The client has been constantly exposed to mineral crystals in the form of asbestos. The client has been a chain smoker as well. What prevalent disease, according to the nurse, is the client prone to?
1) Hypoxemia
2) Mesothelioma
3) Tuberculosis (TB)
4) Pneumothorax

Question 5

What is a clot that has traveled to the pulmonary arterial circulation and caused obstruction of the arterial blood flow through the lungs known as?
1) Pulmonary edema
2) Pulmonary embolism
3) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4) Pleural effusion

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a client with a short but thick neck circumference. Which form of cardiopulmonary disorder can the nurse suspect in the client?
1) Pickwickian syndrome
2) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
3) Cor pulmonale
4) Marfan syndrome

Question 7

A nurse instructor is teaching a group of student nurses about obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which treatment, according to the nurse, should be most appropriate to keep the airways from closing?
1) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
2) Polysomnography
3) Central nervous system stimulants
4) Leukotriene antagonists

Question 8

After assessing a client's reports, a nurse finds that the client is suffering from wheezing, prolonged exhalations, and rhonchi. The client uses accessory muscles during breathing. As a treatment, the primary health-care provider prescribes bronchodilators and corticosteroids in the form of inhalers as treatment. What disorder can the nurse infer from the symptoms of the client and the treatment that has been provided to the client?
1) The client is suffering from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
2) The client is suffering from bronchiectasis.
3) The client is suffering from asthma.
4) The client is suffering from pleural effusion.

Question 9

A victim of a motor vehicle accident comes to a medical facility with a rib fracture that has punctured the pleural membrane. The open wound allows the pleural cavity to pull air into the opening of the wound, thus building a pleural space. What treatment can a nurse expect from the primary health-care provider?
1) A large bore needle to be inserted to the affected side
2) The process of pleurodesis to be performed on the client
3) A chest tube with suction to be applied on the affected side
4) Surgical intervention of the affected side

Question 10

While assessing the reports of a client, a nurse finds that there has been an abnormal collection of fluid within the pleural cavity. What remedy can the nurse infer about the condition based on the symptoms?
1) Applying mucolytic agents and bronchodilators along with oxygen
2) Thoracotomy as well as a chest tube attached for suctioning
3) Administering corticosteroid treatment
4) Focus on the treatment based on orthopedic bracing

Question 11

A primary health-care provider finds a client complaining of chest pain, dyspnea, and an increased respiratory rate. On closer inspection, the chest expansion is found to be asymmetrical. On percussion, the primary health-care provider finds chest hyperresonance. What condition can the primary health-care provider interpret from this situation?
1) The client is suffering from pneumothorax or collapsed lungs.
2) The client is suffering from pleural effusion.
3) The client is suffering from asbestosis.
4) The client is suffering from thoracic cage deformity.

Question 12

Which condition is also known as hypoventilation syndrome?
1) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
2) Bronchiectasis
3) Pneumocystis jiroveci infection
4) Pulmonary hypertension

Question 13

A nurse has been assessing a client who has been working as a butcher for an extensive period. The client had a prolonged and intense exposure to inhaled organic dust in the form of animal protein. What disorder, according to the nurse, can affect the client the most?
1) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
3) Anthracosis
4) Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP)

Question 14

A primary health-care provider is assessing a client who is a minor and has been constantly exposed to silica. What immediate test does a nurse expect the primary health-care provider to carry on the client for detecting tuberculosis (TB)?
1) Transthoracic echocardiogram
2) Mantoux test
3) Polysomnogram
4) Pulmonary function test (PFT)

Question 15

A nurse is assessing a 28-year-old client who is a smoker and has inherited Marfan syndrome as a genetic disorder. The previous medical reports of the client do not suggest any evidence of an underlying lung disease. Which condition is possible in the client according to the nurse's prediction?
1) Traumatic pneumothorax
2) Tension pneumothorax
3) Iatrogenic pneumothorax
4) Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 16

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with secondary pulmonary hypertension. The increase in the pulmonary artery pressure has led to the client's elevated pulmonary venous pressure. Which condition does the nurse predict to occur in the client?
1) Pulmonary edema
2) Anthracosis
3) Collagen vascular disease
4) Bronchiectasis

Question 17

A nurse is advising a client about adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which statement shows best that the nurse properly understands the disorder?
1) "The illness develops within 48 to 72 hours of the inciting event."
2) "ARDS leads to acute pancreatitis or aspiration."
3) "An individual developing ARDS has multiple organ failure and becomes critically ill."
4) "ARDS is a genetic disorder that is caused by the abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels."

Question 18

After assessing the recent chest x-rays of a client, a nurse finds nodules and honeycomb lung patterns. On assessing the client's previous chest x-ray report, the nurse finds diffused "ground glass" markings in the lower lung fields. What condition can the nurse infer from these observations?
1) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2) Thoracic cage deformity
3) Pleural effusion
4) Pulmonary embolism

Question 19

A nurse suspects a client may have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). What should the nurse utilize as a diagnostic tool to diagnose OSA?
1) Chest x-ray
2) CT scan
3) Ultrasound
4) Polysomnography

Question 20

A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about the administration of asthma medication. Which statement by a student nurse shows appropriate learning?
1) "Asthma medication generally falls under three categories."
2) "A common short-acting maintenance medication is a combination of adrenergic beta-2 agonist and corticosteroid."
3) "An oral leukotriene antagonist should not be used by the client on a daily basis if the asthma attack is acute."
4) "An oral corticosteroid is added to the regimen of rescue medications when short-acting bronchodilators are not acting against asthma attacks."

Question 21

Which diseases fall under restrictive pulmonary diseases?
1) Diseases that lead to formation of excessive mucous
2) Diseases that prevent complete ventilation
3) Diseases that lead to loss of lung elastic recoil
4) Diseases that reduce the total lung capacity
5) Diseases that act as an impediment to alveoli

Question 22

A nurse is assessing a child with chronic asthma. Which microorganisms, according to the nurse, are responsible for causing asthma in the child?
1) Rhinovirus
2) Adenovirus
3) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4) Respiratory syncytial virus
5) Staphylococcus aureus

Question 23

Which area of the body should a nurse focus on when palpating the thoracic cage of a client when assessing for any pulmonary disease?
1) Clavicles
2) Axillary nodes
3) Ribs
4) Supraclavicular
5) Cervical nodes

Question 24

What is the diagnostic outcome of coal miner's pneumoconiosis?
1) Decreased FEV count during PFT
2) Chest x-ray reveals fluid in pleural space
3) Hypoxemia is found in an arterial blood gas (ABG) test
4) Collapsed lung and air in the pleural space
5) Computed tomography scan shows dilated, fibrotic airways

Question 25

Which procedures are specifically utilized for the treatment of pleural effusion? Select all that apply
1) Surgery for the reduction of the pharyngeal tissues
2) Administration of mucolytic agents
3) Drainage
4) Chest tube attached to suction
5) Orthopedic bracing