Deck 7: Section 3: Developmental Psychology

Question 1

According to Kohlberg, a person who complies with rules and laws to avoid punishment is in the _____ level of moral development.

A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) authoritarian

Answer 1

preconventional

Question 2

During the _____ stage of prenatal development (the final stage starting about 2 months after conception), the body structures and organs complete their growth.

A) embryonic
B) fetal
C) germinal
D) zygote

Answer 2

fetal

Question 3

In human conception, another name for the fertilized egg is _____.

A) gene
B) zygote
C) chromosome
D) teratogen

Answer 3

zygote

Question 4

According to Piaget, _____ is the interpretation of new experiences in terms of present schemas, and _____ is the modification of present schemas to fit with new experiences.

A) assimilation; accommodation
B) accommodation; assimilation
C) reversibility; centration
D) centration; reversibility

Question 5

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children are in the _____ stage if they have symbolic ability but lack conservation.

A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

Question 6

At about 6 or 7 months of age, an infant starts rhythmically repeating various syllables. This is called _____.

A) baby talk
B) holophrase
C) telegraphic speech
D) babbling

Question 7

Studies of intelligence in adulthood reveal that fluid intelligence abilities _____ with age, and crystallized intelligence abilities _____ with age.

A) increase; increase
B) increase; decrease
C) decrease; increase
D) decrease; decrease

Question 8

Which parenting style is MOST positively related to academic success, happiness, independence, and self-confidence?

A) authoritative
B) authoritarian
C) permissive
D) indifferent

Question 9

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, _____ is the issue that a person faces during adolescence.

A) initiative versus guilt
B) industry versus inferiority
C) identity versus role confusion
D) intimacy versus isolation

Question 10

According to Ainsworth, a child who shows little distress when the mother leaves in the strange situation procedure and neglects her when she returns has developed a(n) _____ attachment.

A) secure
B) insecure-disorganized
C) insecure-ambivalent
D) insecure-avoidant

Question 11

In a _____ study, people of different ages are studied at one point in time and compared to one another.

A) cross-sectional
B) longitudinal
C) cross-sequential
D) scaffolding

Question 12

Johnny, who is only 4 years of age, stands in front of you blocking your view of the television screen, and he does not realize that he is doing so. He thinks that his view is the same as yours. Johnny is displaying _____ and is in Piaget's _____ stage of cognitive development.

A) egocentrism; concrete
B) egocentrism; preoperational
C) centration; concrete
D) centration; preoperational

Question 13

Vygotsky's term for the difference between what a child can actually do and what the child can do with the help of others is _____.

A) zone of proximal development
B) accommodation
C) scaffolding
D) cohort effect

Question 14

Michelle, who is 18 months old, has a pet dog named "Sam." After she learns the name of her dog, she calls all the dogs she sees "Sam." Michelle is demonstrating _____.

A) babbling
B) holophrase
C) underextension
D) overextension

Question 15

A decrease in the physiological response to a stimulus once it becomes familiar is called _____.

A) assimilation
B) centration
C) habituation
D) conservation