Deck 5: Section 1:memory

Question 1

Which of the following theories of forgetting contend that information is available but not accessible?

A) interference
B) encoding failure
C) storage decay
D) both encoding failure and storage decay

Answer 1

interference

Question 2

What might be the relationship among state-dependent memory, mood-dependent memory, and the encoding specificity principle?

A) Both state- and mood-dependent memory illustrate encoding specificity.
B) State-dependent memory illustrates encoding specificity, but mood-dependent memory does not.
C) Mood-dependent memory illustrates encoding specificity, but state-dependent memory does not.
D) Neither state- nor mood-dependent memory illustrates encoding specificity.

Answer 2

Both state- and mood-dependent memory illustrate encoding specificity.

Question 3

Elaborative rehearsal is more effective than memorizing because elaborative rehearsal _____.

A) generally takes more time
B) always involves visual images
C) typically provides more retrieval cues
D) usually relies on acoustic cues

Answer 3

typically provides more retrieval cues

Question 4

The difference between recall and recognition is that during recall, information must be _____, whereas during recognition it must be _____.

A) processed effortfully; processed automatically
B) processed automatically; processed effortfully
C) reproduced; identified
D) identified; reproduced

Question 5

How are source misattribution and the misinformation effect similar?

A) In both cases, we hear or read inaccurate information about an event.
B) In both cases, we confuse information from one source with information from another.
C) In both cases, we act very uncertain about the accuracy of our memory for the original event.
D) In both cases, adults are more susceptible to the effect than are children.

Question 6

In relation to short-term memory, what is a chunk?

A) between five and nine numbers or letters
B) a meaningful unit
C) a combination of visual and auditory information
D) a maximum of three individual items

Question 7

Sensory memory is to _____ input as long-term memory is to _____ input.

A) bottom-up; top-down
B) top-down; bottom-up
C) visual; verbal
D) verbal; visual

Question 8

Supporting the distinction between explicit and implicit memory, studies of amnesic patients with hippocampal damage showed that the patients could remember new information about _____.

A) personal events, but not about world events
B) world events, but not about personal events
C) how to do a puzzle, but not about someone who came to visit
D) someone who came to visit, but not about how to do a puzzle

Question 9

How are the method of loci and peg-word mnemonics similar?

A) Both involve use of visual imagery.
B) Both relate new information to a known sequence of information.
C) Both rely on elaborative encoding.
D) All of these.