Deck 1: Section 3: The Science of Psychology

Question 1

Which research method allows the researcher to draw cause-effect conclusions?

A) descriptive
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) All of these.

Answer 1

experimental

Question 2

In an experiment, the _____ group participants receive an inactive treatment but are told that the treatment will help them.

A) experimental
B) control
C) placebo
D) third-variable

Answer 2

placebo

Question 3

Shere Hite's failure to use a _____ resulted in misleading findings for her women and love survey study.

A) placebo group
B) double-blind procedure
C) random assignment
D) random sampling

Answer 3

random sampling

Question 4

Which would be the BEST procedure for obtaining a representative sample of the students at your school?

A) sampling randomly among students in the psychology department
B) sampling randomly among students who respond to a request in the school newspaper
C) sampling randomly from a list of all the students enrolled at your school
D) All of these methods would provide a representative sample of the students at your school

Question 5

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores is the _____, and the average score is the _____.

A) mode; mean
B) mean; mode
C) median; mean
D) mean; median

Question 6

In a left-skewed distribution, the mean is _____ than the median; in a right-skewed distribution, the mean is _____ than the median.

A) greater; greater
B) greater; less
C) less; greater
D) less; less

Question 7

Which type of scatterplot depicts a weak, negative correlation?

A) a lot of scatter with data points going from top left to bottom right
B) very little scatter with data points going from top left to bottom right
C) a lot of scatter with data points going from bottom left to top right
D) very little scatter with data points going from bottom left to top right

Question 8

Professor Jones noticed that the distribution of students' scores on his last biology exam had an extremely small standard deviation. This indicates that the _____.

A) exam was given to a very small class of students
B) exam was a poor measure of the students' knowledge
C) students' scores tended to be very similar to one another
D) students' mean exam score was less than the median exam score

Question 9

Which correlation coefficient indicates the STRONGEST relationship?

A) +.75
B) -.81
C) +1.25
D) 0.00

Question 10

Which major research perspective focuses on conditioning by external environmental events as the major cause of our behavior?

A) biological
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) sociocultural

Question 11

Manipulate is to measure as _____ is to _____.

A) positive correlation; negative correlation
B) negative correlation; positive correlation
C) independent variable; dependent variable
D) dependent variable; independent variable

Question 12

About _____ percent of the scores in a normal distribution are between -1 standard deviation and +1 standard deviation of the mean.

A) 34
B) 68
C) 95
D) 99

Question 13

Height and weight are _____ correlated; elevation and temperature are _____ correlated.

A) positively; positively
B) positively; negatively
C) negatively; positively
D) negatively; negatively

Question 14

Dian Fossey's study of gorillas is an example of a _____.

A) naturalistic observation
B) participant observation
C) naturalistic observation that turned into participant observation
D) case study

Question 15

In a normal distribution, the percentile rank for a score that is 1 standard deviation below the mean is roughly _____ percent.

A) 16
B) 34
C) 68
D) 84