Deck 46: Confusion and Dementia

Question 1

Delirium is

A)A false belief
B)The loss of cognitive function caused by changes in the brain
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of sudden,severe confusion and rapid changes in brain function

Answer 1

A state of sudden,severe confusion and rapid changes in brain function

Question 2

A resident is confused.Which is incorrect?

A)Open drapes during the day.
B)Turn on a night-light at bedtime.
C)Provide a calm and peaceful setting.
D)Perform all ADL for the person.

Answer 2

Perform all ADL for the person.

Question 3

A delusion is

A)A false belief
B)Seeing,hearing,smelling,or feeling something that is not real
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Answer 3

A false belief

Question 4

You would not expect the person who is confused to

A)Know people,the time,and the place
B)Have difficulty with activities of daily living
C)Have memory problems
D)Have poor judgment

Question 5

A resident is confused.The person usually naps after lunch.You should

A)Follow the person's routine
B)Prevent the person from taking a nap
C)Help the person change into sleepwear
D)Use music and other activities to distract the person

Question 6

Which statement is incorrect?

A)Changes in the brain and nervous system occur with aging.
B)Certain diseases affect the brain.
C)Changes in the brain can affect cognitive function.
D)When the brain is affected,signs,symptoms,and behaviors are permanent.

Question 7

Sundowning is

A)When signs,symptoms,and behaviors of Alzheimer's disease AD)increase during hours of darkness
B)The loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain
C)A false dementia
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 8

Which is not common with confusion?

A)Aphasia and paralysis
B)Personality and mental changes
C)Anger,restlessness,and depression
D)Behavior changes

Question 9

A resident is confused.She thinks her name is "Mary Gold." What should you do?

A)Use the name she prefers.
B)Use her real name.
C)Check her ID bracelet instead of calling her by name.
D)Tell her that she is not Mary Gold and explain who she is.

Question 10

Confusion can occur in older persons because

A)Blood supply to the brain is reduced
B)Physical disabilities occur
C)Infection is a risk
D)Drugs cause side effects

Question 11

Cognitive function involves the following except

A)Memory and thinking
B)Reasoning and understanding
C)Judgment and behavior
D)The senses and mobility

Question 12

Which statement about acute confusion is incorrect?

A)It occurs suddenly.
B)It is usually permanent.
C)Infection,illness,and injury are common causes.
D)Drugs and surgery are common causes.

Question 13

Dementia is

A)A false belief
B)The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal,social,and occupational activities
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 14

A patient is confused.When communicating with the person,which is incorrect?

A)Avoid touch.
B)Ask clear and simple questions.
C)Give the person time to respond.
D)Give clear,simple directions and answers.

Question 15

A resident is confused.Which is incorrect?

A)Remove the person's eyeglasses and hearing aid to prevent loss or breakage.
B)Remind the person of special days and events.
C)Provide newspapers and magazines.
D)Discuss current events with the person.

Question 16

A hallucination is

A)A false belief
B)Seeing,hearing,smelling,or feeling something that is not real
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 17

Pseudodementia is

A)When signs,symptoms,and behaviors of Alzheimer's disease AD)increase during hours of darkness
B)The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal,social,and occupational activities
C)A false dementia
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 18

A patient is confused.The person's care plan includes the following measures.Which should you question?

A)Give the date and time as needed.
B)Face the person.Speak clearly.
C)State your name and show your name tag.
D)Provide stimulation by rearranging the person's furniture and belongings.

Question 19

Which statement about dementia is incorrect?

A)Most older people show signs and symptoms of dementia.
B)For correct treatment,the cause must be found.
C)Some dementias can be treated and reversed.
D)The person with dementia may have delirium and depression.

Question 20

A resident is confused.It is time for the person's shower.What should you do?

A)Explain what you are going to do and why.
B)Ask the person to undress.
C)Ask if the person wants a tub bath or shower.
D)Let the confusion pass before you assist with the person's shower.

Question 21

The Alzheimer's Association has a program for persons who wander.The program is called

A)MedicAlert + Safe Return
B)Take Me Home
C)Call Home
D)Return Home

Question 22

Which statement about wandering is incorrect?

A)There is always a cause.
B)The person may be looking for someone or something.
C)Drug side effects are possible causes.
D)Pain,restlessness,and anxiety are possible causes.

Question 23

Mild cognitive impairment MCI is

A)A type of AD
B)A type of memory change affecting the person's memory,language,and other mental functions
C)A type of pseudodementia
D)Dementia caused by drug and alcohol abuse

Question 24

Which statement about depression is incorrect?

A)It is a common mental health problem in older persons.
B)Depression,aging,and some drug side effects have similar signs and symptoms.
C)Depression is often overlooked in older persons.
D)The person hallucinates and has attention problems.

Question 25

Which statement about delirium is incorrect?

A)Onset is gradual.
B)It can occur in people with illness,drugs,or injury.
C)It is an emergency.
D)The cause must be found and treated.

Question 26

What is the cause of AD?

A)Family history
B)Down syndrome
C)Aging
D)Unknown

Question 27

A person has AD.Which of the following is probably not caused by AD?

A)Restlessness
B)Becoming suspicious and fearful
C)Not being able to tell time
D)Skin tears and skin breakdown

Question 28

A resident has AD.The person has the following behaviors.Which has the greatest risk for danger?

A)Wandering
B)Delusions
C)Catastrophic reactions
D)Screaming

Question 29

A person has AD.Which of the following is probably not caused by AD?

A)Forgetting names
B)Cursing or swearing
C)Poor judgment
D)Having a fever

Question 30

Which is the most common cause of permanent dementia?

A)Parkinson's disease
B)Cerebrovascular disease
C)Alzheimer's disease AD.
D)Multi-infarct dementia

Question 31

The following occur early in AD except

A)Problems driving a car
B)Problems managing money
C)Problems cooking
D)Problems with bowel and bladder control

Question 32

Which is not an early warning sign of dementia?

A)Recent memory loss that affects job skills
B)Problems with language
C)Hallucinations
D)Misplacing things and putting things in unusual places

Question 33

Signs and symptoms of delirium include the following except

A)Anxiety and confusion
B)Drowsiness and problems concentrating
C)Hallucinations and delusions
D)Anger and depression

Question 34

Which statement about Alzheimer's disease AD.is incorrect?

A)Brain cells controlling intellectual and social function are damaged.
B)The person has behavior,mood,and personality changes.
C)Memory and mental abilities steadily decline.
D)Sudden in onset,the disease progresses over many years.

Question 35

A resident has AD.She tends to wander.Her care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Make sure her ID bracelet is on.
B)Keep door alarms turned on.
C)Explain to her why she cannot go outside.
D)Let her wander in an enclosed garden.

Question 36

Which is not an early warning sign of dementia?

A)Getting lost in familiar places
B)Personality changes
C)Poor or decreased judgment
D)Not recognizing self or family members

Question 37

At what age does AD usually occur?

A)Between age 30 and 40
B)Between age 40 and 50
C)After age 60
D)Around age 80

Question 38

Which statement about permanent dementia is incorrect?

A)There is no cure.
B)Loss of cognitive function declines over time.
C)Disease progression is the same for everyone affected.
D)The person has signs and symptoms of dementia.

Question 39

A resident is in the last stage of AD.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Measures to prevent wandering
B)Provide for all ADL
C)Incontinence care
D)Aspiration precautions

Question 40

What is the classic sign of AD?

A)Problems finding or speaking the right word
B)Poor judgment
C)Forgetting how to use simple,everyday things
D)Gradual loss of short-term memory

Question 41

A resident has problems finding her room,the bathroom,the dining room,and so on.Which of the following might help her?

A)Telling her the date,the time,and the place
B)Showing her where things are
C)Picture signs
D)Keeping personal items where she can see them

Question 42

A resident has AD.His wife visits daily.They like to touch,hold hands,and kiss.Which action is correct?

A)Discouraging such contact
B)Providing privacy
C)Allowing only supervised visits
D)Trying to distract them

Question 43

A person with AD may react to a caregiver or family member by screaming.

Question 44

A resident has AD.The person's hallucinations include seeing "kitty cats" in the closet.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Making sure the person wears needed eyeglasses
B)Distracting the person
C)Eliminating noises
D)Explaining that there are no cats in the nursing center

Question 45

A resident has AD.You find him masturbating in another person's room.What should you do?

A)Tell him to stop what he is doing.
B)Explain that his behavior is not appropriate.
C)Close the room door to provide for privacy.
D)Guide him to his room.

Question 46

While caring for a person with AD,you find yourself becoming frustrated and short-tempered.Which is incorrect?

A)The person did not choose to have AD or its signs and symptoms.
B)The person deserves to be treated with dignity and respect.
C)The person is responsible for agitated,aggressive,and wandering behaviors.
D)The person has the same rights as other residents.

Question 47

A resident has AD.As death nears,the person may need

A)Hospice care
B)Restraints
C)An Alzheimer's Association support group
D)Supervised activities

Question 48

You care for several persons with AD.Why must you report behavior changes to the nurse?

A)They may signal other illnesses or injuries.
B)Persons with AD cannot report such changes.
C)Persons with AD depend on others for care.
D)It is your responsibility to report signs and symptoms.

Question 49

A resident has AD.The person thinks the food contains poison.This is called

A)A hallucination
B)A delusion
C)A catastrophic reaction
D)Sundowning

Question 50

Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors.Which is a normal behavior?

A)Undressing in front of other residents
B)Masturbating in the dining room
C)Hugging and kissing one's partner
D)Fondling another person

Question 51

A resident has AD.Sometimes the person is agitated and combative.The person is pacing and trying to hit others.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Restraining the person
B)Meeting elimination needs
C)Meeting nutritional needs
D)Providing a calm,quiet setting

Question 52

A person has AD.Sometimes the person has repetitive behaviors.This means that the person

A)Repeats the same motions over and over again
B)Does things that are harmful
C)Repeats things the person said and did during childhood
D)Does everything twice

Question 53

Catastrophic reactions usually occur from

A)Elimination needs
B)Hunger
C)Too many stimuli
D)Lack of sleep

Question 54

A resident has AD.She is trying to rub her perineum through her clothes.Which is incorrect?

A)The behavior is sexual.
B)She may be wet or soiled from urine or feces.
C)She may have a urinary or reproductive infection.
D)She may have pain or discomfort in her urinary or reproductive system.

Question 55

A resident has AD.The person thinks the food contains poison.Which will not help the person?

A)Offering to taste the food
B)Distracting the person
C)Taking the person for a walk
D)Using touch to reassure the person

Question 56

A resident has AD.The person's hallucinations include seeing "kitty cats" in the closet.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Helping the person search the closet
B)Using touch to reassure the person
C)Preventing glares,shadows,and reflections
D)Taking the person for a walk

Question 57

Persons with AD are at risk for

A)Infection
B)Stroke
C)Heart attack
D)Diarrhea

Question 58

A resident with AD experiences sundowning every day.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Complete treatments and activities early in the day.
B)Meet food,fluid,and elimination needs.
C)Ask the person what the problem is.
D)Provide adequate lighting.

Question 59

Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors.The behaviors are abnormal because

A)Persons with AD do not have sexual needs
B)Of how and when they occur
C)They are high risk for STDs
D)Persons with AD cannot perform sexually

Question 60

A resident has AD.When planning activities for the person,the therapist considers

A)What equipment and supplies are available
B)How much time is available
C)The person's abilities and interests
D)Staff interests and needs

Question 61

A person has AD.The person's daughter has three children in high school and college.The daughter is likely to find herself in

A)Generation X
B)The "Baby Boom" generation
C)Generation Y
D)The sandwich generation

Question 62

A patient has AD.You are helping her dress.You should

A)Decide what she will wear
B)Let her choose from a dress,pant suit,sweat suit,or a skirt and blouse
C)Let her choose between a dress and a pant suit
D)Explain why she needs to wear undergarments

Question 63

A resident has AD.When providing for the person's basic needs,it is best to

A)Give the person many choices
B)Complete the person's care as fast as possible
C)Have equipment ready for any procedure
D)Provide stimulation to distract the person

Question 64

Confused and demented behaviors are often hard to deal with.Therefore persons who are confused or have AD are at risk for

A)Behavior changes
B)Infection
C)Falls and other injures
D)Abuse,mistreatment,and neglect

Question 65

A resident has AD.She tends to wander and is sometimes combative.Her son asks you to restrain her.Which is incorrect?

A)Restraints require a doctor's order.
B)Restraints are used if the family requests them.
C)Restraints can make confused and demented behaviors worse.
D)All persons have the right to be free from restraints.

Question 66

A resident has AD.You are helping the person dress.You should do the following except

A)Leave the room when the person puts on undergarments to protect the right to privacy
B)Lay out clothing in the order the person will put it on
C)Hand the person one clothing item at a time
D)Tell the person what to do with each clothing item

Question 67

A patient has AD.To gain the person's attention,you need to

A)Approach the person from behind
B)Approach the person from the side
C)Approach the person from the front
D)Lightly touch the person's arm

Question 68

To protect persons with AD,you need to do the following except

A)Keep utility room doors unlocked
B)Prevent fires and burns
C)Prevent falls
D)Place safety plugs in electrical outlets

Question 69

A resident has AD.The person easily becomes agitated and combative.The following measures might help the person except

A)Following the person's routines
B)Keeping noise levels low
C)Showing movies from the person's past
D)Changing the person's room

Question 70

A resident has AD.The person's communication is impaired.When talking to the person,you need to do the following except

A)Use a calm,gentle voice
B)Speak slowly,using simple words and sentences
C)Give the person time to respond
D)Explain why the person's answer is wrong

Question 71

A resident has AD.She carries a small stuffed animal that is coming apart at the seams.What should you do?

A)Ask the family to bring her a new one.
B)Take it from her so that it can be repaired.
C)Ask her why she carries it all the time.
D)Protect it from further damage.

Question 72

A nursing center has a secured unit for persons with AD.Which is correct?

A)OBRA considers secured units to be physical restraints.
B)A family's request is needed to place a person on a secured unit.
C)The person remains on the secured unit until death.
D)Only persons with aggressive behaviors are allowed on a secured unit.

Question 73

A maintenance worker left a hammer at the nurses' station.What should you do?

A)Leave it there.
B)Ask the maintenance department to send someone to pick it up.
C)Place it in a secure drawer.Then report its location to the maintenance department.
D)Look for the maintenance worker who left it.

Question 74

A resident has AD.The person's care plan includes the following measures to promote sleep.Which should you question?

A)Follow the person's bedtime rituals.
B)Turn on a night-light.
C)Encourage the person to nap during the day.
D)Limit caffeine during the day.

Question 75

A resident has AD.You find the following items in the person's room.Which is unsafe?

A)A quilt
B)Shampoo
C)Socks
D)A sweater

Question 76

Proper use of validation therapy requires special training.

Question 77

A resident has AD.When meeting the person's basic needs,you should do the following except

A)Promote elimination
B)Provide for personal hygiene,oral hygiene,and skin care
C)Promote exercise and activity during the late evening hours
D)Provide a quiet,restful setting

Question 78

A person has AD.Which can offer the person's daughter support and encouragement?

A)The sandwich generation
B)OBRA
C)An Alzheimer's support group
D)The American Dementia Association

Question 79

A patient has AD.The person is trying to tell you something.What should you do?

A)Ask the person simple questions.
B)Let the person speak.Do not interrupt or rush the person.
C)Offer words and ideas to help the person communicate.
D)Tell the person you understand.

Question 80

A resident has AD.You are helping the person dress.Which of the following will cause the fewest problems?

A)A front-opening garment that closes with Velcro
B)A pullover garment
C)A back-opening garment that closes with buttons
D)Pants that close with a zipper and hook