Deck 14: Physical Growth in Adolescents

Question 1

Which of the following statements about osteoporosis is true?

A)To prevent osteoporosis, adolescents should consume 1300 milligrams of calcium daily.
B)Prevention of osteoporosis is only an issue once the individual is an adult.
C)Adolescents are at the greatest risk for osteoporosis.
D)More men than women suffer from osteoporosis.

Answer 1

To prevent osteoporosis, adolescents should consume 1300 milligrams of calcium daily.

Question 2

Which of the following statements related to the psychological impact of puberty is true?

A)Adolescents are much more concerned about their appearance than children and adults are.
B)Boys are more likely than girls to be dissatisfied with their appearance later in adolescence.
C)Most girls are terrified when menarche occurs.
D)Most boys tell their parents and friends when spermarche occurs.

Answer 2

Adolescents are much more concerned about their appearance than children and adults are.

Question 3

Rituals that mark the transition into adulthood are called

A)secondary sex characteristics.
B)primary sex characteristics.
C)rites of passage.
D)puberty.

Answer 3

rites of passage.

Question 4

Menarche typically occurs at ________ years of age.

A)9
B)11
C)13
D)15

Question 5

During the adolescent growth spurt, which body parts usually begin to grow first?

A)the trunk and shoulders
B)the arms
C)the legs
D)the head, hands, and feet

Question 6

Research on osteoporosis has shown that

A)most people with osteoporosis are men.
B)most bone mass is formed during adulthood.
C)swimming is a good weight-bearing exercise that strengthens bones.
D)children and adolescents should engage in regular weight-bearing exercise to strengthen bones.

Question 7

________ is a disease in which a person's bones become thin and brittle, and, as a consequence, sometimes break.

A)Bulimia nervosa
B)Anorexia
C)Menarche
D)Osteoporosis

Question 8

The two general types of physical changes that mark the transition from childhood to young adulthood are referred to as

A)rites of passage.
B)puberty.
C)menarche.
D)hormones.

Question 9

________ are physical signs of maturity that are not linked directly to the reproductive organs.

A)Primary sex characteristics
B)Secondary sex characteristics
C)Rites of passage
D)Puberty

Question 10

For girls, puberty typically begins with

A)appearance of pubic hair.
B)growth of the breasts.
C)menarche.
D)the first ovulation.

Question 11

The adolescent growth spurt

A)usually begins earlier for girls than for boys.
B)usually ends earlier for boys than for girls.
C)is a time when girls gain more muscle than boys.
D)is a time when boys gain more fat than girls.

Question 12

Who is most likely to have just reached their full adult stature?

A)Ann, who is 13
B)Scott, who is 13
C)Diane, who is 17
D)Clyde, who is 17

Question 13

The onset of puberty

A)is regulated by the pituitary gland.
B)is totally controlled by genetic forces.
C)occurs later in girls who are depressed.
D)occurs earlier when girls receive inadequate nutrition.

Question 14

Which of the following girls would you expect to enter puberty first?

A)Shalicia, whose mother entered puberty at a young age
B)Chara, who is malnourished and does not receive adequate health care
C)Anita, who has a chronic illness
D)Marie, who lived in Europe in 1840

Question 15

For boys, puberty typically begins with

A)appearance of pubic hair.
B)growth of the testes and scrotum.
C)growth of the penis.
D)the growth spurt.

Question 16

________ are organs that are directly involved in reproduction.

A)Secondary sex characteristics
B)Primary sex characteristics
C)Puberty
D)Menarche

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Adolescent boys are more likely than adolescent girls to be dissatisfied with their appearance.
B)Most adolescent girls do not know about menstruation before it happens.
C)Most adolescent boys learn about spermarche from their parents.
D)Girls usually tell their mothers about menarche right away.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning the maturation of the reproductive system is true?

A)Early menstrual cycles are usually regular.
B)Boys' initial ejaculations usually contain sufficient sperm to fertilize an egg.
C)In the first months of menstruation, girls cannot predict when they ovulate.
D)At about age 17, boys have their first spontaneous ejaculation.

Question 19

Ginger and Roger are fraternal twins arguing about who is going to begin puberty first and who is going to reach their adult height first. If you were chosen to referee their argument, what would you tell them?

A)Girls begin puberty and reach their adult height earlier than boys.
B)Boys begin puberty and reach their adult height earlier than girls.
C)Girls and boys begin puberty and reach their adult height at the same ages.
D)Girls begin puberty before boys but reach their adult height after boys.

Question 20

Puberty

A)occurs earlier in boys than in girls.
B)occurs earlier in girls who experience a great deal of family conflict than in girls who do not.
C)occurs later in Canada today than it did 150 years ago.
D)is not influenced by genetics.

Question 21

According to the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC), what percentage of grade 9 girls have experienced intercourse?

A)5 percent
B)12 percent
C)19 percent
D)23 percent

Question 22

A study of African American and Hispanic American adolescents examined the factors that are related to frequency of intercourse and number of sexual partners among adolescents. The researchers found that adolescents were less active sexually when parents

A)talked to them about various sex-related topics.
B)communicated openly with their teens.
C)did not monitor their activities.
D)approved of teen sexual behaviour.

Question 23

To reduce teenage sex, parents should

A)actively encourage it.
B)monitor what their adolescents are doing during their free time.
C)rarely talk with their adolescents.
D)talk to them about sex-related issues.

Question 24

Dwayne is an early maturing male and Camille is an early maturing female. Which of the following statements about Dwayne and Camille is most likely to be true?

A)Many of the effects associated with rate of maturation will vanish when Dwayne and Camille reach adulthood.
B)Camille will benefit more from her early maturation than Dwayne will from his.
C)Camille and Dwayne will both be more popular with their peers in school than later maturing adolescents.
D)Camille and Dwayne will both be more self-confident than later maturing adolescents.

Question 25

What is the most common sexually transmitted disease in Canada?

A)chlamydia
B)human papilloma virus
C)herpes
D)HIV

Question 26

Girls who mature early ________ than girls who mature late.

A)receive better grades in school
B)are more popular with peers
C)are more often in trouble at school
D)have more self-confidence

Question 27

Adolescents

A)tend to be moodier than children and adults.
B)are no more concerned with their appearance than children and adults are.
C)generally get upset by the occurrence of menarche and spermarche.
D)usually tell their parents about the occurrence of spermarche and menarche.

Question 28

Adolescent moodiness is

A)a myth that is not supported by research.
B)strongly related to adolescent hormonal surges.
C)related to adolescents' changes in social settings or activities.
D)similar to the degree of moodiness found in adults and younger children.

Question 29

Boys who mature early ________ than boys who mature late.

A)have less self-confidence
B)tend to be more popular with their peers
C)have more negative feelings about their athletic abilities
D)are less independent

Question 30

Early maturation usually

A)benefits boys but not girls.
B)benefits girls but not boys.
C)benefits both boys and girls.
D)does not benefit boys or girls.

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of a rite of passage?

A)a ceremony held by Western Apaches to celebrate a girl's menarche
B)the development of secondary sex characteristics
C)the scene from the movie Carrie in which the title character is terrified when she has her first menstrual period
D)the adolescent girl who looks in the mirror constantly to check her appearance

Question 32

Early maturing boys

A)are less popular with peers than late maturing boys.
B)are less likely to be given adult-like responsibilities than late maturing boys.
C)have less self-confidence than late maturing boys.
D)are more independent than late maturing boys.

Question 33

Most sexually active teenagers

A)have easy access to contraceptives.
B)do not use birth control.
C)who get pregnant have an abortion.
D)are well-informed about the facts of conception.

Question 34

Which adolescent is most likely to be sexually active?

A)Jacinda, whose parents have a positive attitude toward sexuality
B)Elaine, who does not believe her friends are sexually active
C)Rosa, whose parents never talk to her about sex
D)Aimee, who has been actively discouraged from sexual behaviour

Question 35

By the end of adolescence,

A)more girls than boys have had sexual intercourse.
B)only a few adolescents have had sexual intercourse.
C)almost half of all adolescents have had sexual intercourse.
D)most adolescents have had sexual intercourse.

Question 36

Which of the following is not one of the reasons for teens' infrequent use of effective birth control?

A)Teens say they cannot afford contraceptives.
B)Teens often don't know the facts regarding conception.
C)Teens may feel awkward buying contraceptives.
D)Teens often believe that pregnancy "can't happen to them."

Question 37

Which of the following statements best describes teenage sexual behaviour?

A)By the end of adolescence, most North American teens have had intercourse at least once.
B)Most North American adolescents have never had intercourse.
C)Boys and girls have had sex equally frequently.
D)Suburban teens are more likely to be sexually active than rural and inner city teens.

Question 38

Early maturing girls

A)are more popular with peers than other girls.
B)are more self-confident than other girls.
C)are more poised and socially competent than other girls.
D)have more negative feelings about their physical development than other girls.

Question 39

Which of the following reasons given by teenagers for not using contraceptives would be least likely?

A)"I don't know when I should use protection because I don't really understand if I'm most likely to get pregnant right before my period, right after my period, or sometime in between."
B)"I'd be too embarrassed to ask my doctor about getting the pill and the woman who works at the drug store is my mom's friend!"
C)"I would use birth control, but I'm concerned about the possible side effects."
D)"Getting pregnant is something that happens to other people, not to me!"

Question 40

Which program is likely to be most effective in preventing teenage pregnancy?

A)A program that focuses on providing teenagers with contraceptives.
B)A program that teaches the facts about sex and reproduction but also stresses responsible sexual behaviour or abstaining from premarital sex.
C)A program that aims to rid our schools and popular culture of sexual references.
D)No programs have been able to successfully teach adolescents responsible sexual behaviour.

Question 41

Which of the following statements is true of Canadian adolescents?

A)Most adolescents get sufficient exercise to promote physical and mental health.
B)Most adolescents attend physical education classes daily.
C)More boys than girls report exercising regularly.
D)The most popular sport for youth is cycling.

Question 42

Who is least likely to become anorexic?

A)Donna, whose parents are autocratic
B)Daisy, who is careless and a poor student
C)Minnie, whose identical twin is anorexic
D)Missy, who values Canadian cultural ideals for a female body

Question 43

Which of the following is true regarding the development of a homosexual orientation?

A)Sons become gay when they have a domineering mother and a weak father.
B)Heredity and hormones seem to play some part in sexual orientation.
C)Girls are more likely to become lesbians if their fathers are their primary role models.
D)Children who are raised by gay and lesbian parents usually become homosexual.

Question 44

Liv has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following statements would she be least likely to make?

A)"I am SO fat!"
B)"My sister has anorexia."
C)"My mother is obsessed with dieting!"
D)"My parents give me a lot of freedom."

Question 45

When making decisions, teenagers

A)tend to put more emphasis on the social consequences of decisions than adults do.
B)tend to put more emphasis on the health consequences of decisions than adults do.
C)are less likely than adults to take risks.
D)follow a very different decision-making process than adults do.

Question 46

Anorexia

A)does not appear to be influenced by heredity.
B)is unrelated to cultural values.
C)occurs more often when parents grant their adolescents much independence.
D)is more common in females than in males.

Question 47

The leading cause of death for Canadian youth is

A)disease.
B)firearm accidents.
C)drug use.
D)motor vehicle accidents.

Question 48

Kerry is a gymnast who competes regularly. Kerry is more likely than other girls to experience

A)amenorrhea.
B)depression.
C)osteoporosis.
D)menarche.

Question 49

Date rape is least likely to occur when

A)a male assumes that when a female says no, she really means yes.
B)one or both of the partners have been drinking alcohol.
C)a female is unclear of her own sexual policies.
D)the couple has not had sex previously.

Question 50

Current research suggests that the roots of sexual orientation are

A)due to patterns of parental dominance.
B)due to being raised by lesbian or gay parents.
C)due to having been seduced by an older person of the same sex.
D)poorly understood.

Question 51

Your roommate took a peek at your textbook and now is reluctant to have her future children participate in sports because of a potential concern. What do you think your roommate read in your textbook to prompt her concern?

A)More than 50 percent of high school athletes are injured seriously, so injury is a major concern.
B)Playing a sport tends to decrease initiative.
C)Playing a sport often has detrimental effects on self-esteem.
D)The use of illegal drugs to improve performance can be a problem in sports.

Question 52

Which of the following would be helpful in preventing date rape?

A)Try to be alone with your date rather than with a group of people.
B)Know your own sexual policies and decide for yourself when sexual intimacy is acceptable.
C)Use alcohol or other drugs while on a date.
D)Do not let your sexual policies be known to others.

Question 53

The most popular participant physical activity for youth in Canada during adolescence is

A)basketball.
B)jogging.
C)walking.
D)track and field.

Question 54

Alicia refuses to eat and is terribly afraid of becoming overweight. Alicia has characteristics of

A)obesity.
B)anorexia nervosa.
C)malnourishment.
D)a typical teenager.

Question 55

________ is characterized by alternating binge eating with purging through self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or over-exercising.

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Obesity
C)Bulimia nervosa
D)Malnourishment

Question 56

Anorexia and bulimia are more likely to occur in girls who are

A)good students.
B)in elementary school.
C)"trouble makers."
D)irresponsible.

Question 57

Adolescent girls are more likely to develop anorexia when

A)they perceive themselves to be of normal weight.
B)their mothers are satisfied with their own weights.
C)their parents are autocratic.
D)they ignore the cultural ideals of the female body.

Question 58

The use of anabolic steroids by high school athletes

A)does not seem to have any positive benefits.
B)can increase blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
C)actually causes a decrease in muscle size and strength.
D)does not seem to have any harmful consequences.

Question 59

During adolescence, boys need extra ________ to produce ________ because of their increased muscle mass while girls need it to replace that lost during menstruation.

A)calcium; strong bones
B)iron; hemoglobin
C)fat; iron
D)sodium; fluid retention

Question 60

Teenagers need ________ for growth.

A)fat
B)calcium
C)sodium
D)iron

Question 61

The purpose of emergency contraception is to prevent ________ after unprotected sex.

A)implantation of a zygote
B)formation of a zygote
C)fertilization of an egg
D)the risk of sexually-transmitted infection

Question 62

Your friend sees the word psychoneuroendocrinology and wonders what that could possibly be. Having read Chapter 14 in the textbook, you could tell her that some psychoneuroendocrinologists are examining the relationship between off-time puberty onset and

A)the dopamine neurotransmitter.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)low self-esteem.
D)cortisol reactivity.

Question 63

The decline over the years in age at menarche seems to be linked to

A)decreases in body weight
B)increases in body weight.
C)decreasing levels of environmental toxins.
D)increases in activity levels.

Question 64

Which of the following is not a key change in the brain during adolescence?

A)an increase in activity related to dopamine in pathways connecting to the prefrontal area
B)increases in connectivity between the prefrontal area and other areas
C)growth of circuitry required for cognitive control
D)a change in the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the prefrontal areas

Question 65

Jeff is a teenager who has not had sex yet. When asked why not, which of the following reasons is he most likely to give?

A)"I don't want to risk getting my girlfriend pregnant."
B)"I'm worried about getting a sexually transmitted infection."
C)"I haven't yet had the opportunity."
D)"I'm not in love."