Deck 12: D: Personality

Question 1

Which component of personality mediates between the forces of desire and reality on a moral basis?

A)id
B)ego
C)superego
D)ego-ideal

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Jane is an angry,hostile woman.At work and in her personal life,she is described as an energetic go-getter because she is a workaholic and does a great deal of volunteer work for abused children and women.Jane's behaviour may be an example of which defence mechanism?

A)sublimation
B)displacement
C)reaction formation
D)projection

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Pleasure principle is to _______ as reality principle is to _______.

A)id;superego
B)superego;id
C)id;ego
D)ego;id

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The part of personality,according to Freud,that seeks to avoid pain is the ________.

A)id
B)ego
C)superego
D)ego-ideal

Question 5

Sally has a desire to eat a steak with a baked potato smothered in butter and sour cream.One component of her personality tells her that because she is overweight,she should fast instead of eating the meal and direct her efforts toward ending world hunger.Another component suggests that it would be better to eat a salad and a bran muffin,and then run two miles.The fasting suggestion most likely was made by which component of personality?

A)id
B)ego
C)superego
D)oral

Question 6

What did Freud call the part of the personality that begins to develop in early childhood?

A)id
B)ego
C)authentic self
D)superego

Question 7

According to Bill's psychoanalyst,he was traumatized during the anal stage of his psychosexual development,which accounts for Bill's tightwad habits.Which of the following would be Freud's term for Bill's behaviour?

A)anal retentive
B)anal expulsive
C)parsimonious
D)serendipitous

Question 8

According to Jung,our repressed thoughts,undeveloped ideas,and forgotten experiences are contained in the ____________________.

A)persona
B)archetype
C)personal unconscious
D)collective unconscious

Question 9

The view that personality results from struggles between opposites within each of us is an assumption of which of the following?

A)Jung
B)Adler
C)Maslow
D)Mischel

Question 10

Which structure of personality houses one's instincts,according to Freud?

A)ego-ideal
B)ego
C)id
D)superego

Question 11

Which statement about the id is most accurate?

A)It is in close contact with bodily needs.
B)It follows the reality principle.
C)It houses the conscience.
D)It drives us to live up to our ideals.

Question 12

Jamie is a joiner.She is interested in other people and events going on around her in the world.In McCrae's's view,she is an ___________________.

A)archetype
B)endomorph
C)introvert
D)extravert

Question 13

What did Freud call the part of the personality that learns that we will be happier if we postpone gratification?

A)id
B)ego
C)authentic self
D)superego

Question 14

A university professor continually implies that his students are intellectually inferior.Which of the following defence mechanisms is this professor likely using?

A)projection
B)denial
C)reaction formation
D)sublimation

Question 15

What did Freud call the part of the personality that had to be socialized by parents?

A)id
B)ego
C)authentic self
D)superego

Question 16

Which of the following Freudian concepts motivates us to better ourselves and live up to our ideals?

A)id
B)ego
C)reality principle
D)superego

Question 17

Behaving in ways that are the opposite of what one would unconsciously like to do defines _______.

A)sublimation
B)displacement
C)reaction formation
D)projection

Question 18

"I didn't get the job,even though I was the most qualified applicant,because the company has to hire a minority worker." This statement probably illustrates which defence mechanism?

A)rationalization
B)denial
C)repression
D)projection

Question 19

Which of the following gives the stages of development outlined by Freud in the order in which they occur?

A)anal,oral,latency,phallic,genital
B)anal,latency,oral,phallic,genital
C)oral,anal,phallic,latency,genital
D)oral,anal,latency,phallic,genital

Question 20

According to Jung's psychoanalytic theory,each of us has ________,which are inherited predispositions to respond to certain concepts.

A)drive
B)instincts
C)archetypes
D)archegos

Question 21

That part of the personality which operates on the reality principle is the _______.

A)superego
B)ego
C)id
D)eros

Question 22

Freud developed his theory of personality on the basis of

A)carefully controlled experiments.
B)systematic observations of children.
C)cross-cultural investigations.
D)case studies of patients.

Question 23

The stage of personality development which lasts from about age 6 until puberty is known as the _______ stage.

A)phallic
B)anal
C)genital
D)latency

Question 24

Identifying with one's opposite-sex parent occurs in which psychosexual stage?

A)oral
B)anal
C)phallic
D)genital

Question 25

Collective personality characteristics are to ______________ as individual personality characteristics are to _______________.

A)an idiographic approach;a nomothetic approach
B)a nomothetic approach;an idiographic approach
C)Freudian theories;humanistic theories
D)humanistic theories;Freudian theories

Question 26

The Oedipus complex occurs during the _______ stage.

A)anal
B)phallic
C)oral
D)latency

Question 27

In addition to genetic factors,what other construct would a behaviourist include when explaining the causes of personality differences?

A)biological factors
B)cognitive factors
C)environmental factors
D)the collective unconscious

Question 28

Maria takes good notes in class.Whenever someone who has missed class due to illness asks her if he can copy her notes,she grips them tightly and says,"No! They're mine,and I don't wish to share them." A psychoanalytic theorist would probably contend that Maria has a(n)_______ fixation.

A)oral
B)anal
C)phallic
D)genital

Question 29

Six-year-old Suzie sees her younger brother approaching with the new toy he received for his birthday.Suzie suddenly decides she wants the toy,so she pushes her brother to the ground,grabs his toy,and rushes into the next room to play with it.During this situation,the part of Suzie's personality which is most likely in control is her _______.

A)conscious
B)superego
C)ego
D)id

Question 30

The process of toilet training occurs during the _______ stage.

A)phallic
B)oral
C)anal
D)genital

Question 31

According to Freud,the _______ makes up the largest part of our personality.

A)preconscious
B)conscious
C)unconscious
D)These three areas contribute equally to personality.

Question 32

The old adage "Everyone is queer but me and thee" illustrates the defence mechanism of _______.

A)displacement
B)undoing
C)projection
D)reaction formation

Question 33

Which type of standardized test presents ambiguous stimuli?

A)MMPI
B)CPI
C)Rorschach
D)TAT

Question 34

The Electra complex is to ____________ as the Oedipus complex is to ____________.

A)phallic stage;latency stage
B)latency stage;phallic stage
C)boys;girls
D)girls;boys

Question 35

Picasso's paintings often contained exaggerated sexual symbolism.This way of expressing a basic impulse in a socially praiseworthy fashion illustrates the use of _______.

A)displacement
B)sublimation
C)projection
D)reaction formation

Question 36

According to Freud,an inadequate resolution of the Oedipus complex leads to

A)child molestation.
B)a high regard for women.
C)a personality that is reckless and self-assured.
D)love of nature.

Question 37

An orally fixated person would most likely

A)be an only child.
B)dislike his or her father.
C)be a sloppy dresser.
D)eat and smoke a great deal.

Question 38

Joe seems to be constantly condemning himself for being bad and "sinful" In psychoanalytic terms,we would say that Joe has an overdeveloped _______.

A)libido
B)id
C)ego
D)superego

Question 39

The superego is that part of the personality which represents the _______.

A)pleasure principle
B)reality principle
C)thanatos
D)conscience

Question 40

Four-year-old Kevin is in love with his mother and wants very much to get rid of his father so that he can have his mother all to himself.According to Freud,Kevin is undergoing

A)a regression.
B)the genital stage.
C)an Oedipus complex.
D)all of the above.

Question 41

Humanistic psychology is to ______________ as Jungian psychology is to _____________.

A)inferiority complex;unconscious drives
B)locus of control;psychosexual stages
C)defence mechanisms;the Oedipus complex
D)self-actualization;the collective unconscious

Question 42

Which theorist and theory is correctly matched?

A)Adler - object relations theory
B)Rogers - humanistic model
C)Jung - psychoanalytic theory
D)Bandura - radical behaviourism

Question 43

Which option best exemplifies the P.T.Barnum effect?

A)inkblots
B)horoscopes
C)graphology
D)physiognomy