Deck 3: D: Biological Psychology

Question 1

Neurons are

A)cells in the brain that are believed to help clean and feed brain cells.
B)cells that send and receive information.
C)bundles of nerves.
D)chemical transmitters found in the hypothalamus.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Specialized cells in the brain that send and receive information are called

A)limbic cells.
B)neurons.
C)ganglia.
D)gonads.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The part of the neuron that carries outgoing messages either to another neuron or to a muscle or gland is the

A)myelin sheath.
B)axon.
C)dendrite.
D)cell body.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Axons

A)receive/detect neural impulses.
B)carry messages away from a cell body.
C)secrete chemicals to lubricate the cell body.
D)are found in the cell body.

Question 5

Dendrites

A)may be up to a quarter of a mile long.
B)carry messages to cell bodies.
C)are primarily responsible for the hypothalamic functions of regulation and motivation of sexual functions.
D)are contained within the cell nucleus.

Question 6

The basic message-carrying cells of the nervous system are labelled

A)dendrites.
B)neurons.
C)nerves.
D)ganglia.

Question 7

The myelin sheath

A)is a fatty substance protecting the dendrites.
B)helps to speed up neural messages within the cell.
C)is found in all neurons.
D)protects the cell's vesicles.

Question 8

The small gap between adjacent neurons is the

A)glia.
B)myelin sheath.
C)synaptic cleft.
D)terminal.

Question 9

What number reflects the amount of differences in a population attributable to genetic influences?

A)concordance
B)heritability
C)eugenics index
D)correlation coefficient

Question 10

The cell body is enclosed by the

A)axon.
B)dendrite.
C)cell membrane.
D)myelin sheath.

Question 11

Which of the following most directly controls bodily reflexes?

A)peripheral nervous system
B)brainstem
C)spinal cord
D)hindbrain

Question 12

The neural impulse traveling down the axon is _______;it gets across the synapse by _______.

A)electrical;remaining electrical but changing from positively charged to negatively charged
B)electrical;remaining electrical but changing from negatively charged to positively charged
C)electrical;being changed into a chemical message
D)chemical;being changed into an electrical message

Question 13

A nerve impulse from one neuron affects the activity of a neighbouring neuron at a point of interaction called the

A)corpuscle.
B)synapse.
C)transmission cleft.
D)neuronal junction.

Question 14

What kinds of neurons are connected to receptor cells in the skin,muscles,and joints?

A)peripheral neurons
B)interneurons
C)sensory neurons
D)motor neurons

Question 15

The myelin sheath

A)is a special substance protecting the dendrites.
B)helps to speed up transmission of neural messages.
C)is responsible for polarization.
D)all of the above

Question 16

The three parts of every neuron are

A)myelin;glia;cell body.
B)dendrite;cell body;axon.
C)glia;dendrite;axon.
D)myelin;cell body;dendrite.

Question 17

A long structure leaving the cell body that action potential travels along is called the __________.

A)cell membrane
B)dendrite
C)axon
D)myelin sheath

Question 18

Axons

A)may be up to a quarter of a mile long.
B)carry messages away from a cell body.
C)are primarily responsible for the hypothalamic functions of regulation and motivation of sexual functions.
D)are contained within the cell nucleus.

Question 19

The short fibres that extend from the neurons allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are

A)axons.
B)dendrites.
C)nerve bundles.
D)synapses.

Question 20

A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn.Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her brain informing her of the pain from the burn?

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)synaptic neurons
D)association neurons

Question 21

Chemical substances released by the endocrine glands to help regulate bodily functions are __________.

A)enzymes
B)neurotransmitters
C)antigens
D)hormones

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a part of the endocrine system?

A)thyroid
B)pons
C)pituitary
D)pancreas

Question 23

The short fibres that extend from the neuron allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are __________.

A)axons
B)dendrites
C)nerve bundles
D)cell membranes

Question 24

When a neural impulse reaches the end of an axon,it causes the tiny oval sacs at the end of the axon to release chemicals called __________.

A)effectors
B)neurotransmitters
C)stimulants
D)ions

Question 25

Garfield is having great difficulty controlling his appetite.All he wants to do is eat and no matter how much he eats he is still hungry.His weight is approaching 160 kgs and he still constantly wants to eat.His physician says the problem is due to a disorder in a specific cenrtr of the brain.The brain centre is most likely the

A)medulla
B)cerebral cortex
C)thalamus
D)hypothalamus

Question 26

Dr.Chapin has just finished a delicate brain operation.He turns to a group of interns and says,"She probably lost about 1000 ___________,but since she still has over 100 billion left,she should recover nicely." Dr.Chapin was most likely referring to

A)parts of the brain.
B)neurons.
C)pituitary glands.
D)speech and language areas.

Question 27

Eating,drinking,sexual behaviour,temperature control,and sleeping are most strongly influenced by the

A)medulla.
B)cerebral cortex.
C)thalamus.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 28

The thyroid and pituitary glands are parts of the _______ system.

A)gonad
B)endocrine
C)steroid
D)lymphatic

Question 29

The entire area composed of the axon terminal of one neuron,the synaptic cleft,and the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron is called the _________.

A)synaptic vesicle
B)synaptic knob
C)synaptic space
D)synapse

Question 30

Axons _______.

A)receive/detect neural impulses
B)carry messages away from a cell body
C)secrete chemicals to lubricate the cell body
D)are found in the cell body

Question 31

Despite its dangers,a young man continues to take cocaine because of the feeling of euphoria it produces for him.This powerful arousal of his nervous system is probably due to cocaine's ability to

A)inhibit enzymes that break down neurotransmitters.
B)increase the release of neurotransmitters.
C)block the receptor sites for neurotransmitters.
D)prevent neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed into the synaptic vesicles.

Question 32

The area in the back of the temporal lobe that is important in our ability to listen and in processing and understanding what others are saying is __________.

A)Korsakoff's area
B)Wernicke's area
C)Broca's area
D)Sach's area

Question 33

The cell that underlies the activity of the entire nervous system is the _________.

A)transmitter cell
B)amoeba
C)neuron
D)carcinoma

Question 34

The endocrine system is made up of

A)special centres that control our language functions.
B)neurons that transmit electrically charged messages.
C)glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
D)none of the above

Question 35

The smallest unit in the nervous system is the _________.

A)dendrite
B)neuron
C)axon
D)myelin sheath

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT true of all neurotransmitters?

A)They are chemicals.
B)They are stored in synaptic vesicles.
C)They are released across the synaptic space.
D)They increase the likelihood that the next neuron will fire.

Question 37

Endocrine glands are glands that secrete __________.

A)excitory neurotransmitters
B)inhibitory neurotransmitters
C)hormones
D)enzymes

Question 38

Most axon terminals contain a number of tiny oval sacs called __________.

A)synaptic vesicles
B)synaptic knobs
C)neurotransmitters
D)receptor sites

Question 39

The glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream are called __________.

A)lymph glands
B)exocrine glands
C)hippocampal glands
D)endocrine glands

Question 40

A synapse is most important in

A)separating the medulla from the hindbrain.
B)regulating the parasympathetic nervous system.
C)the process of transmitting messages between neurons.
D)connecting the basal ganglia.

Question 41

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks?

A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Question 42

The part of the nervous system that allows the brain to regulate digestion,heart rate,and respiration without our conscious attention is the

A)autonomic nervous system.
B)central nervous system.
C)somatic nervous system.
D)spinal cord.

Question 43

The system that relays messages in the form of electrochemical impulses throughout the body is called __________.

A)the arousal system
B)the nervous system
C)the limbic system
D)the endocrine system

Question 44

The deer waits motionlessly,hidden in the thicket as the band of hunters approaches.As the hunters get closer,their dogs bark,picking up the scent of their prey.In a futile effort to escape,the deer bolts.Which of the following most accurately describes the nervous system of the hunted deer at this point?

A)Its sympathetic nerve fibres are more active than its parasympathetic nerve fibres.
B)Its parasympathetic nerve fibres are more active than its sympathetic nerve fibres.
C)Both its sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibres are equally active.
D)Neither its sympathetic nor its parasympathetic nerve fibres are aroused.

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

A)maintaining homeostasis
B)regulating the output of the pituitary
C)controlling the emergency response of the autonomic nervous system
D)coordinating smooth muscle movement

Question 46

All nerve cells and fibres that are NOT in the brain or spinal cord make up the __________ nervous system.

A)central
B)peripheral
C)autonomic
D)sympathetic

Question 47

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for

A)controlling the skeletal muscles.
B)sending sensory input to the brain.
C)making choices and decisions.
D)the activity of internal organs and glands.

Question 48

The hypothalamus does NOT control

A)bowel movements.
B)sweating.
C)reactions to pain.
D)fine motor coordination.

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

A)regulating eating
B)regulating sleeping
C)relaying sensory inputs to the higher centres in the brain
D)regulating the "restorative" functioning of the autonomic nervous system after an emergency has passed

Question 50

The division of the nervous system that connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body is the __________ system.

A)peripheral nervous
B)endocrine
C)central nervous
D)secondary nervous

Question 51

Darlene has just discovered that she made the dean's list,and she's in ecstasy-singing and dancing down the corridor.Which area of the brain is directing her behaviour?

A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)cerebellum
D)midbrain

Question 52

The parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions make up the

A)motor cortex.
B)endocrine system.
C)autonomic nervous system.
D)neocortex.

Question 53

When the sympathetic nervous system assumes control of the involuntary bodily processes during a stressful situation,which of the following changes is likely to occur?

A)digestion slows down
B)less blood is pumped to muscles
C)air passages become smaller
D)sweat glands are less active

Question 54

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for quick action in an emergency is the __________ division.

A)central
B)secondary
C)sympathetic
D)parasympathetic

Question 55

The nervous system called the "fight or flight" system is the _______ system.

A)central
B)parasympathetic
C)somatic
D)sympathetic

Question 56

One evening Betty was walking to the dorm from the gym when she was stopped by two men who demanded her money.Because she was a good athlete,Betty decided to make a run for it.Pretending to open her purse,she suddenly turned and dashed off.Although pursued,Betty outran her assailants.During this incident,which part of Betty's nervous system was most directly responsible for her successful escape?

A)midbrain
B)parasympathetic nervous system
C)forebrain
D)sympathetic nervous system

Question 57

The limbic system is responsible for ___________.

A)filtering incoming messages to the brain
B)connecting the brain to most of the rest of the body
C)fighting disease organisms that attempt to infect the brain
D)controlling learning and emotional behaviour

Question 58

The brain is connected to the other parts of the nervous system by the ________.

A)spinal cord
B)corpus callosum
C)brainstem
D)peripheral nervous system

Question 59

Calm is to aroused as _______ is to _______.

A)parasympathetic;sympathetic
B)autonomic;motor
C)sympathetic;parasympathetic
D)central;peripheral

Question 60

Assume that you are testing a split-brain human subject whose language centre is in his left hemisphere.If you place a house key into his left hand,he will

A)not be able to later select the object he was holding from a group of various objects.
B)not be able to tell you what object he is presently holding.
C)immediately be able to tell you what he is holding.
D)be able to tell you what he is presently holding if allowed to think about it for several seconds.

Question 61

"Split-brain" patients are patients who have had _________.

A)a prefrontal lobotomy
B)their cerebellum split in the middle
C)their corpus callosum cut
D)a fracture skull in which bone fragments penetrated into the brain

Question 62

A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements.Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties?

A)cerebellum
B)medulla
C)cerebral cortex
D)thalamus

Question 63

The brain's "relay station" is the _______.

A)hypothalamus
B)medulla
C)pons
D)thalamus

Question 64

The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex is the

A)corpus callosum.
B)pineal gland.
C)pons.
D)reticular formation.

Question 65

The part of the hind brain that largely controls breathing,heart rate,and blood pressure is the ______________.

A)cerebral cortex
B)pons
C)medulla
D)cerebellum

Question 66

Damage to the medulla can seriously impair one's ability to

A)sing.
B)write.
C)breathe.
D)metabolize food.

Question 67

The motor cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 68

The structure in the hindbrain that controls certain reflexes and coordinates the body's movements is the __________.

A)medulla
B)cerebellum
C)pons
D)reticular formation

Question 69

The part of the brain that interprets visual information is the __________.

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 70

The part of the brain that helps process hearing and gives meaning to words is the __________.

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 71

The site of many mental processes that are unique to humans (self-awareness,initiative,planning ability,and goal-directed behaviour)is the __________.

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 72

The outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulate most complex behaviour is called the __________.

A)cerebellum
B)corpus callosum
C)cerebral cortex
D)substantia nigra

Question 73

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?

A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Question 74

The part of the brain that controls hearing,does some additional processing of visual information,and is probably the site of permanent memory storage is

A)the occipital lobe.
B)the temporal lobe.
C)the parietal lobe.
D)the frontal lobe.

Question 75

The cerebellum __________.

A)controls blood pressure
B)is involved in emotional behaviour
C)coordinates actions so that movements are efficient
D)relays messages from the sensory receptors

Question 76

A "split-brain" patient is asked to stare at a spot on a screen.When a picture of an object is shown to the left of the spot,the patient can

A)identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand.
B)identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand.
C)pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand,but cannot identify it verbally.
D)pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand,but cannot identify it verbally.

Question 77

The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch,balance,and bodily position and oversees spatial abilities is the __________.

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the brain?

A)corpus callosum
B)frontal
C)occipital
D)parietal

Question 79

If the limbic system were destroyed,which of the following structures would be damaged?

A)cerebellum and corpus callosum
B)cerebellum and amygdala
C)amygdala and hippocampus
D)hippocampus and corpus callosum

Question 80

The somatosensory cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal