Deck 14: Do We Need God to Do Good

Question 1

To understand morality,you have to understand

A)the behavioral expectations in a community and the boundaries around the community.
B)the behavioral expectations in a community.
C)the behavioral expectations of a community and the penalties for violating them.
D)the boundaries around the community and the mechanisms for banishing people from the community.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Secular humanists who gathered in Boston in 2008

A)were religious and attended church regularly.
B)rejected the idea that a congregation-like community might be valuable.
C)espoused a positive philosophy of ethical living for the human good.
D)believed that religious communities can do more to support believers' values than do nonreligious communities.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In his work on clergy deviance (e.g.,financial shenanigans,sexual abuse),what did Anson Shupe focus on?

A)characteristics of religious leaders that made them more likely to deviate
B)how religious organizations respond to deviance
C)how deviance among leaders affects religious communities
D)how negative media coverage affects religious communities

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Between religious and secular moral codes,which is likely to be most stable?

A)religious codes,because those in power are the strongest believers
B)religious codes,because it seems as if the code was designed and imposed outside the human community
C)secular codes,because they have the force of law behind them
D)Each type is equally stable.

Question 5

Compared to secular moral systems,religiously-based moral systems

A)appear more closely linked to a broader cosmic order.
B)are more obviously the products of human beings.
C)are less oppressive.
D)are more oppressive.

Question 6

According to sociologist Emile Durkheim,moral codes

A)are experienced as oppressive constraints on individual action.
B)are invented by religious leaders and encoded into law by political leaders.
C)impose the same regulations and constraints across societies.
D)bring people into the community and provides a sense of belonging to something larger.

Question 7

According to Robert Bellah,"Civil Religion" in the U.S.

A)frames events in U.S.history as a part of a larger transcendent order.
B)blinds us to the reality of our existence.
C)excludes large numbers of U.S.citizens from active participation in our political order.
D)claims that Christianity is the official religion of the U.S.

Question 8

all Street Journal columnist Daniel Henninger argued that the roots of the 2008 financial crisis rested in

A)the personal moral failure of workers in the financial industry.
B)the failure of regulators to monitor the financial industry.
C)the secularization of U.S.society.
D)all of the above

Question 9

Moral codes

A)have the same content everywhere.
B)vary widely across societies.
C)usually seem weird to both community members and those outside the community.
D)existed long before there were any human communities.

Question 10

According to Rodney Stark and Travis Hirschi,who studied adolescent religiosity and delinquency,

A)less religious adolescents were more delinquent.
B)more religious adolescents were more delinquent.
C)a kid's religiosity affects his delinquency,but only in communities with higher overall levels of religiosity.
D)a kid's religiosity affects his delinquency,but only in communities with lower overall levels of religiosity.

Question 11

The medical profession

A)is not a moral community because it does not have a religious basis.
B)is not a moral community because it has no authority over members.
C)is a moral community that is based on religious beliefs.
D)is a moral community with rules,sanctions,and boundaries.

Question 12

According to Kelman and Hamilton,who studied the massacre that happened at My Lai during the Vietnam War,dehumanization occurs when

A)people are viewed as having an identity that is only relevant to a different community.
B)people are viewed as having both identity and community.
C)people are viewed as having lost their identity to a deviant community.
D)people are viewed as having neither identity nor community.

Question 13

Who wrote: "A belief in all-pervading spiritual agencies seems to be universal; and apparently follow from a considerable advance in man's reason,and from a still greater advance in his faculties of imagination,curiosity and wonder"?

A)sociologist Peter Berger
B)political economist and sociologist Karl Marx
C)sociologist Emile Durkheim
D)evolutionary biologist Charles Darwin