Deck 12: Section 2: Managing Individuals and a Diverse Work Force

Question 1

On the basis of research evidence, the two basic needs categories are:

A) tangible and intangible needs
B) physiological and psychological needs
C) higher-order and lower-order needs
D) extrinsic and intrinsic needs
E) realized and unrealized needs

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following statements about goal-setting theory is true?

A) Feedback should not be specific.
B) Goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, and generalized.
C) Workers do not have to truly accept organizational goals for goal-setting theory to be motivational.
D) Goals can energize behavior.
E) None of the above statements about goal-setting theory is true.

Answer 2

Goals can energize behavior.

Question 3

Goal acceptance is most similar to the idea of:

A) goal congruity
B) goal commitment
C) goal valence
D) goal expectancy
E) groupthink

Answer 3

goal commitment

Question 4

According to the expectancy theory, ________affect the conscious choices that people make about their motivation.

A) equity, value-added, and instrumentality
B) valence, expectancy, and instrumentality
C) expectancy, reinforcement, and instrumentality
D) instrumentality, equity, and expectancy
E) expectancy, equity, and reinforcement
Affect the conscious choices that people make about their

Question 5

Once lower-order needs are satisfied, it is difficult to predict which higher-order needs will motivate behavior.

Question 6

In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards.

Question 7

In a(n) _______reinforcement schedule, consequences follow a behavior after different times, some shorter and some longer, that vary around a specified average time.

A) fixed interval
B) variable interval
C) fixed ratio
D) variable ratio
E) continuous ratio

Question 8

Which of the following is a basic component of equity theory?

A) valences
B) reinforcement
C) referents
D) instrumentality
E) expectancy

Question 9

Punishment is also called avoidance learning.

Question 10

Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward allocation decisions.

Question 11

Overreward frequently causes inequity.