Deck 4: B: Learning

Question 1

Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of dogs,and they began to salivate.The food acted as a (an) ____________.

A)unconditioned response
B)unconditioned stimulus
C)conditioned response
D)conditioned stimulus

Answer 1

unconditioned stimulus

Question 2

Under what circumstances will a reinforcer make the target response more likely to occur again?

A)if it is a primary reinforcer
B)if it is a positive reinforcer
C)if it is a negative reinforcer
D)regardless of whether it is a positive or negative reinforcer,a reinforcer makes a response more likely to occur.

Answer 2

regardless of whether it is a positive or negative reinforcer,a reinforcer makes a response more likely to occur.

Question 3

What was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)in the case of Little Albert?

A)a rat
B)a loud noise
C)a high chair
D)a small enclosed space

Answer 3

a loud noise

Question 4

When Keller and Marian Breland,two psychologists who became animal trainers,decided that it would be cute to have a pig drop a big wooden coin into a box,they found that _______________.

A)food was not an effective reinforcer for the pig and so learning didn't occur
B)when given edible roots as reinforcers,the pig learned the task in less than ten trials
C)the pig displayed instinctive drift by dropping the coin,rooting,and throwing the coin in the air
D)the pig showed intrinsic interest in the task and so reinforcement was unnecessary

Question 5

Thorndike was known for his work with ______.

A)a Skinner box
B)a puzzle box
C)modeling
D)monkeys

Question 6

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

A)punishment
B)positive reinforcement
C)negative reinforcement
D)positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement

Question 7

Cheryl is trying to teach her son to do the laundry by watching her.According to observational learning theory,to be effective what must occur?

A)Her son must always model the behavior immediately.
B)Her son must be motivated to learn how to do the laundry.
C)Her son must be able to complete other tasks while watching her.
D)Cheryl must show her son how to do the laundry while she is making dinner.

Question 8

Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called ______.

A)insight
B)innate learning
C)vicarious learning
D)latent learning

Question 9

The "aha!" experience is known as ________________.

A)latent learning
B)insight learning
C)thoughtful learning
D)serial enumeration

Question 10

Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint,such as an increase in height or the size of the brain,are examples of ___________________.

A)maturation
B)learning
C)habituation
D)growth cycles