Deck 8: Development Across the Life Span

Question 1

In the Strange Situation,__________ babies were clinging,unwilling to explore,very upset when Mommy left the room,and demanded to be held but pushed her away at the same time when she returned.

A)secure
B)avoidant
C)ambivalent
D)disorganized-disoriented

Answer 1

ambivalent

Question 2

As an infant,Liz never liked change,but if you introduce new things gradually,she will eventually accept them without too much fuss.Liz is most likely __________.

A)easy.
B)difficult.
C)slow to warm up.
D)securely attached.

Answer 2

slow to warm up.

Question 3

If a person has one gene for cystic fibrosis but does not have the disease,cystic fibrosis must be a __________ disorder.

A)dominant
B)recessive
C)sex-linked
D)polygenic

Answer 3

recessive

Question 4

In which of Piaget's stages does the child become capable of understanding conservation?

A)sensorimotor
B)preoperational
C)formal operations
D)concrete operations

Question 5

Which of the following represents dizygotic twins?

A)One egg is fertilized by two different sperm.
B)One egg splits and is then fertilized by two different sperm.
C)Two eggs get fertilized by two different sperm.
D)Two eggs are fertilized by the same sperm.

Question 6

According to Vygotsky,giving a child help in the form of asking leading questions and providing examples is called __________.

A)scaffolding.
B)the zone of proximal development.
C)private speech.
D)habituation.

Question 7

As children grow from the preschool years into middle childhood,the big changes in the capacity of short-term memory are most likely due to an increase in the use of __________.

A)metamemory.
B)control strategies.
C)habituation.
D)visual-recognition memory.

Question 8

In the __________ reflex,the baby moves its head toward any light touch to its face.

A)sucking
B)startle
C)rooting
D)grasping

Question 9

Differences between age-groups would cause the most serious problems for which developmental research method?

A)longitudinal
B)cross-cultural
C)cross-sectional
D)cross-sequential

Question 10

Mary's baby was born with a smaller than normal head,some facial malformations,and is mentally retarded.Mary most likely __________ during her early pregnancy.

A)ate fish with mercury in it
B)drank too much caffeine
C)drank alcohol
D)smoked marijuana

Question 11

Samantha refuses to go to school because her chin has a "huge" pimple on it and she is afraid that everyone will laugh at her and point.Samantha is a victim of __________.

A)the imaginary audience.
B)the personal fable.
C)abstract egocentrism.
D)formal operations.

Question 12

In Erikson's crisis of __________,children are developing a sense of competence and self-esteem.

A)trust versus mistrust
B)autonomy versus shame and doubt
C)initiative versus guilt
D)industry versus inferiority

Question 13

Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development is __________.

A)identity versus role confusion.
B)intimacy versus isolation.
C)generativity versus stagnation.
D)integrity versus despair.

Question 14

The sponge-like organ that provides nourishment for the growing baby and filters away waste products is called the __________.

A)fallopian tube.
B)uterus.
C)umbilical cord.
D)placenta.

Question 15

The critical period for pregnancy is the __________.

A)germinal period.
B)embryonic period.
C)fetal period.
D)last trimester.

Question 16

At what age can the typical infant sit without support?

A)3 months
B)6 months
C)8 months
D)12 months

Question 17

By age 5,the brain is at __________ percent of its adult weight.

A)25
B)50
C)90
D)100

Question 18

In __________ syndrome,the 23rd pair of chromosomes is missing an X,resulting in short,infertile females.

A)PKU
B)Down
C)Klinefelter's
D)Turner's

Question 19

Little Kashif held his empty cup up to his mother and said,"Milk!" His use of this word is labeled ______.

A)a holophrase.
B)telegraphic speech.
C)babbling.
D)cooing.

Question 20

Which of the newborn's senses is the most fully developed at birth?

A)hearing
B)vision
C)smell
D)touch

Question 21

The crisis of middle adulthood,according to Erikson,is __________.

A)identity versus role confusion.
B)generativity versus stagnation.
C)intimacy versus isolation.
D)integrity versus despair.

Question 22

A decline in testosterone in the 40s is called __________.

A)perimenopause.
B)menopause.
C)climacteric.
D)andropause.

Question 23

Collagen,an elastic tissue that becomes less elastic as we get older,is a good example of the __________ theory of aging.

A)wear-and-tear
B)cellular-clock
C)free-radical
D)active

Question 24

Which culture discussed in the Applying Psychology section seems to have the greatest fear of the dead?

A)Hindu
B)Cheyenne
C)Mexican
D)Navajo

Question 25

Vision and hearing begin to decline in the __________.

A)20s.
B)30s.
C)40s.
D)50s.

Question 26

According to Kübler-Ross,when bargaining fails,__________ usually results.

A)denial
B)anger
C)depression
D)acceptance

Question 27

Rebellion in the teenage years is the most likely outcome of __________ parenting.

A)authoritarian
B)authoritative
C)permissive neglectful
D)permissive indulgent