Deck 4: Tissue Level of Organization

Question 1

Epithelial cells lining the internal passageways of the genitourinary tract usually have ________ at their free surface.

A)mitochondria
B)cilia
C)microvilli
D)junctional complexes
E)Golgi complexes

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which type of tissue fills internal spaces of the body?

A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is ________ tissue.

A)epithelial
B)connective
C)muscle
D)basal
E)apical

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Secretions through a duct might provide ________,whereas ductless secretions act as ________.

A)lubrication; lubricators
B)enzymes; hormones
C)transport media; physical protectors
D)superficial relief; interstitial fluid
E)odors; nutrition for nursing babies

Question 5

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.

A)muscle
B)neural
C)epithelial
D)connective
E)adipose

Question 6

________ secrete hormones and prohormones in the interstitial fluid,which later enters blood.

A)Exocrine glands
B)Endocrine glands
C)Endocrine and exocrine glands
D)Epithelia
E)Connective tissue

Question 7

Which type of tissue contracts to produce movements?

A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Question 8

Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ.This tissue is probably

A)epithelium.
B)muscle tissue.
C)connective tissue.
D)neural tissue.
E)fat tissue.

Question 9

Which of the following cellular structures locks the terminal webs of neighboring cells to prevent cell distortion and leakage?

A)gap junctions
B)basal lamina
C)tight junctions
D)desmosomes
E)adhesion belt

Question 10

Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?

A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Question 11

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

A)contraction.
B)conduction.
C)secretion.
D)circulation.
E)support.

Question 12

Functions of epithelia include all of the following except

A)providing physical protection.
B)controlling permeability.
C)absorption.
D)producing specialized secretions.
E)supporting muscle cells.

Question 13

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except

A)secretion.
B)avascularity.
C)regeneration.
D)polarity.
E)contraction.

Question 14

Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?

A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)supportive

Question 15

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?

A)They afford little mechanical protection.
B)They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.
C)They line internal compartments and passageways.
D)They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
E)They are avascular.

Question 16

Cells that are specialized for secretion

A)are usually stratified.
B)have a small nucleus.
C)are usually squamous.
D)exhibit polarity.
E)are found only in the digestive system.

Question 17

The epithelial cells that are flat,thin and have one layer are called

A)simple cuboidal.
B)simple squamous.
C)stratified cuboidal.
D)simple columnar.
E)stratified squamous.

Question 18

Which of the following structures would you use to get the best resolution when viewing a sample?

A)compound light microscope
B)transmission electron microscope
C)human eye
D)simple light microscope
E)scanning electron microscope

Question 19

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as

A)neuroepithelia.
B)psychoepithelia.
C)neuropsychoepithelia.
D)multilaminar epithelia.
E)protective epithelia.

Question 20

Motile cilia cover the free surface of

A)the gastrointestinal tract.
B)the urinary tract.
C)the respiratory tract.
D)the cardiovascular system.
E)all hollow organs.

Question 21

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by

A)keratin.
B)interfacial canals.
C)a basal lamina.
D)gap junctions.
E)proteoglycans.

Question 22

Figure 4-1
Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 indicates a hemidesmosome?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 23

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces,which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?

A)tight junctions
B)basolateral junctions
C)gap junctions
D)hemidesmosomes
E)desmosomes

Question 24

The body's most delicate type of epithelium is the ________ epithelium.

A)simple squamous
B)simple cuboidal
C)simple columnar
D)pseudostratified columnar
E)stratified squamous

Question 25

The epithelial tissue that covers skin is classified as

A)simple squamous.
B)keratinized stratified squamous.
C)simple cuboidal.
D)stratified cuboidal.
E)nonkeratinized stratified squamous.

Question 26

________ epithelium is found inside the eyes.

A)Simple squamous
B)Simple cuboidal
C)Simple columnar
D)Pseudostratified columnar
E)Stratified squamous

Question 27

________ are transmembrane proteins that connect two cell membranes together.

A)Cell adhesion molecules
B)Adhesion belts
C)Gap junctions
D)Basal lamina
E)Reticular lamina

Question 28

Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the

A)kidneys.
B)heart and blood vessels.
C)urinary bladder.
D)mouth.
E)large intestine.

Question 29

The epithelium that lines the body cavities is known as

A)endothelium.
B)mesothelium.
C)perithelium.
D)metothelium.
E)ectothelium.

Question 30

The ducts of sweat glands and mammary glands are covered by ________ epithelium.

A)stratified cuboidal
B)simple cuboidal
C)simple columnar
D)pseudostratified columnar
E)stratified squamous

Question 31

Figure 4-1
Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 is very abundant in cardiac muscle?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 32

DNA mutation and development of cancerous cells are less dangerous in epithelial tissue than in connective tissue because epithelia

A)have desmosomes.
B)have tight junctions.
C)have gap junction.
D)have apical surface.
E)are avascular.

Question 33

Figure 4-1
Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 indicates an adhesion belt?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 34

Gap junctions can be found in all of the following tissues except

A)cardiac muscle.
B)smooth muscle.
C)skeletal muscle.
D)simple columnar epithelium.
E)pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

Question 35

Which structures separate epithelial tissue from connective tissue?

A)gap junctions
B)basement membranes
C)tight junctions
D)desmosomes
E)junctional complexes

Question 36

Transitional epithelium is found

A)lining the urinary bladder.
B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C)lining kidney tubules.
D)lining the stomach.
E)at the surface of the skin.

Question 37

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found

A)at the surface of the skin.
B)lining the trachea.
C)lining blood vessels.
D)forming the kidney tubules.
E)lining the air sacs of the lungs.

Question 38

The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called

A)endothelium.
B)mesothelium.
C)perithelium.
D)metothelium.
E)ectothelium.

Question 39

________ epithelium is found lining the anus and vagina.

A)Simple squamous
B)Simple cuboidal
C)Simple columnar
D)Pseudostratified columnar
E)Stratified squamous

Question 40

Figure 4-1
Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 indicates a tight junction?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 41

The three types of connective tissue include

A)connective tissue proper,fluid connective,and supporting connective.
B)epithelial,muscle,and neural.
C)glandular,exocrine,and endocrine.
D)ectoderm,mesoderm,and endoderm.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 42

Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are ________ glands.

A)endocrine
B)interstitial
C)exocrine
D)merocrine
E)holocrine

Question 43

All of the following are connective tissue proper,except

A)loose areolar.
B)adipose.
C)reticular.
D)dense regular.
E)cartilage.

Question 44

Blood belongs to which of the following types of connective tissue?

A)dense connective tissue proper
B)loose connective tissue proper
C)fluid connective tissue
D)supportive connective tissue
E)lymph connective tissue

Question 45

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen,liver,and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue.

A)areolar connective
B)regular dense connective
C)irregular dense connective
D)reticular connective
E)adipose

Question 46

Merocrine sweat glands are classified as

A)simple branched tubular.
B)simple alveolar.
C)compound tubular.
D)compound alveolar.
E)simple coiled tubular.

Question 47

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the

A)male reproductive tract.
B)urinary bladder.
C)secretory portions of the pancreas.
D)surface of the skin.
E)stomach.

Question 48

All of the following types of epithelium can be found where absorption or secretion takes place except

A)simple squamous.
B)simple cuboidal.
C)pseudostratified columnar.
D)simple columnar.
E)stratified squamous.

Question 49

Which type of glands secret their products by exocytosis?

A)merocrine
B)endocrine
C)holocrine
D)serous
E)apocrine

Question 50

Endocrine glands empty their products into ________ and are referred to as ________ glands,while exocrine gland secretions empty into ________ or onto surfaces.

A)cells; cellular; interstitial fluid
B)interstitial fluid; ducted; cells
C)interstitial fluid; ducted; interstitial fluid
D)interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts
E)ducts; ducted; interstitial fluid

Question 51

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete

A)milk.
B)sweat.
C)mucus.
D)sebum.
E)insulin.

Question 52

The ________ epithelium is found in the large pancreatic ducts.

A)stratified squamous
B)stratified cuboidal
C)stratified columnar
D)pseudostratified columnar
E)transitional

Question 53

Goblet cells are classified as

A)compound tubular glands.
B)compound alveolar glands.
C)simple alveolar glands.
D)simple tubular glands.
E)unicellular exocrine glands.

Question 54

Simple columnar epithelia are found

A)lining the urinary bladder.
B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C)lining kidney tubules.
D)lining the gallbladder.
E)at the surface of the skin.

Question 55

A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind round pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called

A)simple tubular.
B)simple alveolar (acinar).
C)compound tubular.
D)compound alveolar.
E)tubuloacinar.

Question 56

The process of lactation (milk production)depends on both merocrine and ________ secretion by mammary gland epithelial cells.

A)eccrine
B)endocrine
C)holocrine
D)exocrine
E)apocrine

Question 57

Cells that store fat are called

A)cellulocytes.
B)macrocytes.
C)adipocytes.
D)podocytes.
E)melanocytes.

Question 58

________ epithelium is found in the ureter.

A)Stratified squamous
B)Stratified cuboidal
C)Simple columnar
D)Pseudostratified columnar
E)Transitional

Question 59

Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product?

A)holocrine
B)merocrine
C)apocrine
D)mucus
E)serous

Question 60

All of the following are fixed cells of connective tissue proper,except

A)fibroblasts.
B)fibrocytes.
C)adipocytes.
D)mesenchymal cells.
E)melanocytes.

Question 61

Lymphocytes can develop into cells that secrete defense proteins against disease.Some of these cells are termed plasma cells,while their proteins are called

A)collagen.
B)fibrin.
C)elastin.
D)antibodies.
E)antigens.

Question 62

Defense cells in blood are called

A)red blood cells.
B)platelets.
C)fibroblasts.
D)adipocytes.
E)white blood cells.

Question 63

Two classes of macrophages include

A)mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.
B)mast cells and basophils.
C)fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
D)neutrophils and eosinophils.
E)microphages and adipocytes.

Question 64

Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are

A)fibroblasts.
B)macrophages.
C)adipocytes.
D)mast cells.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 65

________ connective tissue is a type of ________ connective tissue.

A)Hyaline cartilage; dense
B)Adipose; dense
C)Reticular; dense
D)Adipose; loose
E)Hyaline cartilage; loose

Question 66

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are

A)tendons.
B)ligaments.
C)dense irregular connective tissues.
D)reticular tissues.
E)areolar tissue.

Question 67

What type of cells contain histamine and heparin?

A)monocytes
B)neutrophils
C)mast cells
D)lymphocytes
E)eosinophils

Question 68

Interstitial fluid that enters a lymphatic vessel is termed

A)plasma.
B)lymph.
C)interstitial fluid.
D)intracellular fluid.
E)pus.

Question 69

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue except

A)tendons.
B)ligaments.
C)dermis.
D)areolar connective tissue.
E)elastic tissue.

Question 70

________ attach skeletal muscles to bones,and ________ connect one bone to another.

A)Ligaments; tendons
B)Ligaments; reticular tissues
C)Tendons; ligaments
D)Reticular tissues; ligaments
E)Reticular tissues; tendons

Question 71

Antibodies are produced by

A)macrophages.
B)microphages.
C)plasma cells.
D)mast cells.
E)fibroblasts.

Question 72

The watery fluid component of blood is called

A)plasma.
B)lymph.
C)interstitial fluid.
D)intracellular fluid.
E)pus.

Question 73

The dominant fiber type in most dense connective tissue is

A)collagen.
B)elastin.
C)actin.
D)myosin.
E)connectin.

Question 74

The three major subdivisions of extracellular fluid found in the body are

A)blood,plasma,and lymph.
B)blood,interstitial fluid,and cytosol.
C)blood,lymph,and cytosol.
D)plasma,lymph,and interstitial fluid.
E)plasma,interstitial fluid,and cytosol.

Question 75

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen?

A)adipocytes
B)fibroblasts
C)macrophages
D)mast cells
E)lymphocytes

Question 76

The three kinds of formed elements in blood are

A)red cells,brown cells,and white cells.
B)red cells,fibroblasts,and brown cells.
C)white cells,fibroblasts,and platelets.
D)white cells,red cells,and platelets.
E)mast cells,red cells,and white cells.

Question 77

Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways except

A)transporting substances throughout the body.
B)supporting epithelia.
C)anchoring blood vessels and nerves.
D)storing fats.
E)serving as packing material.

Question 78

What type of cells makes up almost half the volume of blood?

A)red blood cells
B)white blood cells
C)platelets
D)monocytes
E)phagocytes

Question 79

What is the main function of mesenchymal cells?

A)produce collagen fibers
B)maintain ground substance
C)defend against infections
D)make new connective tissue cells
E)produce pigments

Question 80

The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are

A)tendons,ligaments,and elastic ligaments.
B)loose,dense,and irregular.
C)cartilage,bone,and collagen.
D)collagen,reticular,and elastic.
E)polar,cellular,and permeable.