Deck 16: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Question 1

These nuclei are located in the lateral horns and innervate smooth muscle,cardiac muscle,and glands.

A)Sensory nuclei
B)Autonomic motor nuclei
C)Visceral sensory nuclei
D)Somatic sensory nuclei
E)Somatic motor nuclei

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The thin strand of pia mater that helps to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx is the

A)conus medullaris.
B)cervical enlargement.
C)terminus coccyx.
D)filum terminale.
E)coccygeal tendon.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which are not spinal nerve branches?

A)Rami communicantes
B)Posterior rami
C)Anterior rami
D)Lateral rami
E)No exceptions; all of the choices are spinal nerve branches

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal and travel through an intervertebral foramen above or below the vertebra of the same number.The exception is

A)C4.
B)C8.
C)T1.
D)L5.
E)S8.

Question 5

The tapered,conical inferior end of the spinal cord is called the conus

A)finalis.
B)medullaris.
C)equine.
D)caudalis.

Question 6

The lateral horns of the spinal cord contain

A)axons of motor neurons and interneuron cell bodies.
B)axons of sensory and motor neurons.
C)axons of interneurons.
D)axons of sensory neurons and interneuron cell bodies.
E)cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons.

Question 7

A typical spinal cord in an adult is

A)24-26 inches long.
B)12-14 inches long.
C)8-10 inches long.
D)16-18 inches long.
E)20-24 inches long.

Question 8

The posterior horns of the spinal cord contain

A)axons of motor neurons and cell bodies of interneurons.
B)axons of sensory and motor neurons.
C)axons of interneurons.
D)axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of interneurons.
E)autonomic motor neurons.

Question 9

What is the correct order for the parts of the spinal cord,from superior to inferior?

A)Cervical - thoracic - sacral - coccygeal - lumbar
B)Cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - coccygeal
C)Thoracic - lumbar - sacral - cervical - coccygeal
D)Thoracic - cervical - lumbar - coccygeal - sacral
E)Thoracic - lumbar - sacral - coccygeal - cervical

Question 10

The spinal cord part with the largest diameter is the ___________ part.

A)thoracic
B)cervical
C)lumbar
D)sacral
E)coccygeal

Question 11

Nuclei within the gray matter of the spinal cord that receive information from sensory receptors such as pain or pressure receptors in the skin are _____ nuclei.

A)sensory
B)visceral sensory
C)somatic sensory
D)autonomic motor
E)somatic motor

Question 12

In a lumbar puncture (spinal tap),fluid is extracted from the

A)central canal of the spinal cord.
B)epidural space.
C)subdural space.
D)epiphyseal space.
E)subarachnoid space.

Question 13

The posterior ramus of a typical spinal nerve innervates the

A)deep muscles of the back and the skin of the back.
B)major thoracic and abdominal organs.
C)abdominal wall.
D)anterior and lateral trunk and the limbs.
E)special senses.

Question 14

Which space associated with the spinal cord meninges contains areolar connective tissue,blood vessels,and adipose connective tissue?

A)Subarachnoid space
B)Epidural space
C)Central canal
D)Subdural space
E)Epiarachnoid space

Question 15

There are ____ pairs of spinal nerves.

A)13
B)31
C)40
D)51
E)12

Question 16

The _______ nuclei within the gray matter of the spinal cord send nerve impulses to skeletal muscles.

A)sensory
B)visceral sensory
C)somatic sensory
D)autonomic motor
E)somatic motor

Question 17

The inferior tip of the spinal cord is the ___________ part.

A)thoracic
B)lumbar
C)coccygeal
D)cervical
E)sacral

Question 18

This structure contains unmyelinated axons and serves as a communication route between the right and left sides of the gray matter in the spinal cord.

A)Gray commissure
B)White commissure
C)Lateral commissure
D)Posterior commissure
E)Denticulate ligaments

Question 19

A spinal nerve contains

A)motor axons only.
B)sensory axons only.
C)both motor axons and sensory axons.

Question 20

Which space associated with the spinal cord meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid?

A)Epidural space
B)Subdural space
C)Subarachnoid space
D)Epiarachnoid space
E)Subpial space

Question 21

A person suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome has lost function of the

A)median nerve.
B)radial nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)ulnar nerve.
E)axillary nerve.

Question 22

A rapid,automatic,involuntary reaction of muscles or glands to a particular stimulus is a(an)

A)autonomic reaction.
B)motor impulse.
C)receptor stimulation.
D)reflex.
E)subconscious impulse.

Question 23

The anterior rami of T1-T11 are called

A)dorsal plexuses.
B)anterior plexuses.
C)intercostal nerves.
D)branchial nerves.
E)cervical nerves.

Question 24

Following an injury to his arm,a patient complains that he has no sensations from the thumb,index finger,middle finger,and part of the ring finger.You suspect that he has damaged the

A)median nerve.
B)radial nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)ulnar nerve.
E)axillary nerve.

Question 25

Following an injury to his arm,a patient complains that he has lost the ability to flex his elbow and supinate his forearm.You suspect that he has damaged the

A)median nerve.
B)radial nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)ulnar nerve.
E)axillary nerve.

Question 26

A network of interwoven anterior rami of spinal nerves is a

A)ramus.
B)communicans.
C)ganglion.
D)dermatome.
E)plexus.

Question 27

Which spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus?

A)S1-Co1
B)L1-L5
C)C5-T1
D)L4-S4
E)C1-C5

Question 28

The plexus that supplies the upper limbs is the _________ plexus.

A)cervical
B)brachial
C)branchial
D)lumbar
E)coccygeal

Question 29

What is the correct order for the events that occur during a reflex?
A: Impulse travels through sensory neuron to the CNS
B: A stimulus activates a receptor
C: Information is processed by interneurons
D: Motor neuron transmits impulse to effector
E: Effector responds

A)a,b,c,d,e
B)b,a,c,d,e
C)c,b,a,e,d
D)c,a,b,d,e
E)b,d,c,a,e

Question 30

Following an injury to his arm,a patient complains that he cannot extend the forearm,wrist,and digits.You suspect that he has damaged the

A)median nerve.
B)radial nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)ulnar nerve.
E)axillary nerve.

Question 31

The plexus that travels through the axillary region is the

A)cervical.
B)coccygeal.
C)sacral.
D)lumbar.
E)brachial.

Question 32

The largest and longest nerve in the body is the _________ nerve.

A)femoral
B)radial
C)sciatic
D)obturator
E)saphenous

Question 33

The plexuses that lie on either side of the neck are the _____ plexuses.

A)cervical
B)coccygeal
C)lumbar
D)radial
E)mandibular

Question 34

This nerve helps to plant the foot.

A)Femoral nerve
B)Sciatic nerve
C)Obturator nerve
D)Genitofemoral nerve
E)Tibial nerve

Question 35

Injury to this nerve causes the condition known as sciatica.

A)Femoral nerve
B)Sciatic nerve
C)Obturator nerve
D)Genitofemoral nerve
E)Tibial nerve

Question 36

The nerve responsible for innervation (movement)of the quadriceps femoris muscle is the _____ nerve.

A)femoral
B)sciatic
C)obturator
D)genitofemoral
E)tibial

Question 37

This nerve receives sensation from the skin of the external genitalia.

A)Pudendal nerve
B)Sciatic nerve
C)Obturator nerve
D)Genitofemoral nerve
E)Tibial nerve

Question 38

If a person suffers a thorax-crushing injury and is unable to breathe properly,you would suspect that this nerve was damaged.

A)Transverse cervical nerve
B)Accessory nerve
C)Phrenic nerve
D)Sciatic nerve
E)Greater auricular nerve

Question 39

Following an injury to his arm,a patient complains that he has no sensations from his "pinky".You suspect that he has damaged the

A)median nerve.
B)radial nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)ulnar nerve.
E)axillary nerve.

Question 40

The anterior ramus of a typical spinal nerve innervates the

A)deep muscles of the back and the skin of the back.
B)major thoracic and abdominal organs.
C)abdominal wall.
D)anterior and lateral trunk and the limbs.
E)special senses.

Question 41

The simple knee-jerk reflex is an example of a(n)_____ reflex.

A)ipsilateral
B)contralateral
C)monosynaptic
D)crossed-extensor
E)multisynaptic

Question 42

What reflex flexes the toes when the inferior surface of the foot is stroked?

A)Cremasteric reflex
B)Patellar reflex
C)Abdominal reflex
D)Achilles reflex
E)Plantar reflex

Question 43

The plexus formed from the anterior rami of L4-S4 is the ________ plexus.

A)intercostal
B)cervical
C)brachial
D)lumbar
E)sacral

Question 44

The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the

A)posterior root ganglion.
B)anterior funiculus.
C)gray commissure.
D)anterior horn.
E)posterior funiculus.

Question 45

Which of these spinal nerve counts is incorrect?

A)Thoracic nerves = 8 pairs
B)Cervical nerves = 8 pairs
C)Lumbar nerves = 5 pairs
D)Sacral nerves = 5 pairs
E)Coccygeal nerves = 1 pair

Question 46

A dermatome is a specific segment of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Question 47

This figure shows a cross section of a vertebra and the spinal cord.What structure does number 1 indicate?

A)Epidural space
B)Pia mater
C)Subarachnoid space
D)Central canal
E)Dura mater

Question 48

The Golgi tendon reflex

A)helps to overcome pain.
B)aids in sending sensory information to the muscles.
C)prevents skeletal muscles from tensing excessively.
D)prevents muscles from contracting.
E)helps to gain balance through a complex series of muscular contractions.

Question 49

The reflex that elevates the testes within the scrotum when the medial side of the thigh is briskly stroked is a(n)_____ reflex.

A)plantar
B)abdominal
C)cremasteric
D)genital
E)scrotal

Question 50

A monosynaptic reflex that monitors and regulates skeletal muscle length is a _____ reflex.

A)withdrawal
B)flexor
C)Golgi tendon
D)stretch
E)hypoactive

Question 51

The nerves projecting inferiorly from the spinal cord are collectively called the

A)terminal finale.
B)cauda equina.
C)terminus filus.
D)caudal terminale.
E)caudus finalis.

Question 52

Stepping on a piece of glass would most likely invoke a _____ reflex.

A)Golgi tendon
B)withdrawal
C)stretch
D)pain
E)motor

Question 53

The simplest reflex is the _____ reflex.

A)multisynaptic
B)unilateral
C)monosynaptic
D)polysynaptic
E)multilateral

Question 54

A reflex arc in which both the receptor and effector organs of the reflex are on the same side of the spinal cord is

A)monosynaptic.
B)polysynaptic.
C)ipsilateral.
D)contralateral.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 55

The adult spinal cord extends inferiorly from the brain through the vertebral canal and ends at the level of the _____ vertebra.

A)S₄
B)L₁
C)L₆
D)S₁
E)T₈

Question 56

All spinal nerves are mixed nerves.

Question 57

A diminished reflex response that may indicate damage to a segment of the spinal cord is a(n)_____ reflex.

A)hypoactive
B)hyperactive
C)diminutive
D)ponderous
E)excessive

Question 58

In the brain,the outer cerebral cortex consists of gray matter,but in the spinal cord,gray matter is confined to the innermost regions.

Question 59

The embryonic feature that gives rise to the anterior and lateral horns of gray matter and part of the gray commissure is the _____ plate.

A)basal
B)alar
C)ulnar
D)anterior
E)posterior

Question 60

Late one night you are leaving the science building during a massive snowstorm.As you approach your car,your right foot suddenly slips on a patch of ice.Your left leg immediately stiffens as you try to regain your balance.The reflex action you relied upon is most correctly known as a(n)

A)multisynaptic reflex.
B)unilateral reflex.
C)ipsilateral reflex.
D)contralateral reflex.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 61

There is no delay between stimulus and response in a polysynaptic reflex.

Question 62

The spinal cord and spinal nerves are exclusively responsible for some reflexes.

Question 63

Interneurons are not involved in a typical monosynaptic reflex.

Question 64

A ___________ is a specific segment of skin that is supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Question 65

In general,nerves from the posterior division of the brachial plexus tend to innervate muscles that extend the parts of the upper limb.

Question 66

The spinal cord allows for two-way communication between the brain and body.