Deck 10: Muscle Tissue and Organization

Question 1

The neurons that stimulate muscle contraction are called _____ neurons.

A)sensory
B)contractile
C)inhibitory
D) somatic motor
E)association

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which is not a protein found in thin filaments?

A)Actin
B)Troponin
C)Tropomyosin
D) Myosin
E)No exceptions; all are found in thin filaments.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which is a correct listing of the hierarchy of a skeletal muscle's components,beginning with the smallest?
A: Myofibrils
B: Muscle fiber
C: Fascicle
D: Skeletal muscle

A)a,b,c,d
B)a,c,b,d
C)d,c,b,a
D)c,b,a,d
E)b,c,a,d

Answer 3

a,b,c,d

Question 4

What is the letter associated with the dark bands in a sarcomere?

A)I
B)A
C)Z
D)M
E)H

Question 5

In general,a skeletal muscle is composed of
A: Connective tissue sheaths
B: Nerves
C: Arteries
D: Veins
E: Muscle fibers

A)a,b,c,e
B)a,b,d,e
C)b,c,d,e
D)a,b,c,d
E)a,b,c,d,e

Question 6

The narrow space that separates the motor neuron and the skeletal muscle fiber in a neuromuscular junction is called the

A)motor end plate.
B)synaptic vesicle.
C)synaptic cleft.
D)synaptic knob.

Question 7

Which is the correct order of the connective tissue layers of a skeletal muscle,beginning with the most superficial?
A: Endomysium
B: Epimysium
C: Perimysium

A)a,b,c
B)b,a,c
C)c,a,b
D)b,c,a
E)c,b,a

Question 8

In a sarcomere,which letter is associated with a region within the A band that is more lightly shaded because only thick filaments are present?

A)I
B)A
C)M
D)Z
E)H

Question 9

Which are possible functions of skeletal muscles?
A: Maintenance of posture
B: Both highly coordinated and localized simple movements
C: Temperature regulation
D: Support of certain body organs
E: Restricting the movement of material through certain body tracts

A)a,b,e
B)a,b,c
C)a,b,c,e
D)a,b,c,d
E)a,b,c,d,e

Question 10

Which incorrectly describes what happens during skeletal muscle contraction?

A)The width of the A band remains constant.
B)The H zone disappears.
C)The Z discs of a sarcomere move farther apart.
D)The sarcomere narrows.
E)The I bands narrow.

Question 11

A sarcomere is defined as the distance from one _____ to the next.

A)Z disc
B)I band
C)H zone
D)A band
E)M line

Question 12

The structure responsible for attaching muscle to bone is a

A)sphincter.
B)ligament.
C)fascia.
D)tendon.
E)myofibril.

Question 13

Which structures are reservoirs that store acetylcholine?

A)Synaptic vesicles
B)Synaptic clefts
C)Terminal cisternae
D)Lysosomes
E)Sarcomeres

Question 14

In a sarcomere,which letter is associated with the light band that contains thin filaments only?

A)I
B)A
C)M
D)Z
E)H

Question 15

In a sarcomere,which letter is associated with the thin dark line in the middle of an I band?

A)A
B)Z
C)M
D)H

Question 16

The calcium ions involved in skeletal muscle contraction bind to a(n)______ subunit.

A)myosin
B)actin
C)elastin
D)tropomyosin
E)troponin

Question 17

The multiple nuclei in skeletal muscle cells are the result of the

A)fusion of myoblasts.
B)cytokinesis of embryonic satellite cells.
C)spontaneous development of nuclei in embryonic cells.
D)stimulation of fibroblasts by hormones.
E)action of testosterone on mesenchyme cell.

Question 18

Which protein makes up the thick filaments?

A)Myosin
B)Actin
C)Tropomyosin
D)Troponin
E)Myopathy

Question 19

Which are the reservoirs that store the calcium required for muscle contraction?

A)Synaptic vesicles
B)Synaptic clefts
C)Terminal cisternae
D)Peroxisomes
E)Mitochondria

Question 20

Which are considered specific characteristics of all muscle cells?
A: Contractility
B: Extensibility
C: Excitability
D: Elasticity
E: Conductivity

A)a,c,d,e
B)b,c,d
C)a,b,d,e
D)a,b,c,d
E)a,b,c,d,e

Question 21

The majority of skeletal muscle fibers in the body are _____ fibers.

A)slow
B)fast
C)intermediate

Question 22

When a muscle is isometrically contracted,its length _______ change.

A)does
B)does not

Question 23

Which contraction occurs when you try (unsuccessfully)to move a wall?

A)Isometric
B)Isotonic

Question 24

Which is the neurotransmitter that causes the release of calcium ions and initiates the steps of skeletal muscle fiber contraction?

A)Acetylcholinesterase
B)Acetylcholine
C)Serotonin
D)Norepinephrine

Question 25

The top long distance runners probably have _______ proportion of slow muscle fibers in their leg muscles.

A)a higher
B)a lower
C)the same

Question 26

The type of fibers specialized to continue contracting for extended periods of time,as would be required in running a marathon,for example,are _____ fibers.

A)fast
B)slow
C)intermediate
D)fast and intermediate
E)slow and intermediate

Question 27

When muscle tension is greater than the resistance (weight),movement ______ occur.

A)will
B)will not

Question 28

A motor unit consists of a:
A single motor neuron
B: Neuromuscular junctions
C: Muscle fibers
D: Several motor neurons
E: A single muscle fiber

A)a,b,e
B)a,b,c
C)b,c,d
D)a,e
E)c,d

Question 29

Which may occur as a result of muscle atrophy?

A)Muscle size is reduced.
B)Fibers become weaker.
C)Muscle loses tone.
D)Fibers waste away and die.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 30

Which of the myofilaments of a muscle fiber has the active sites to which the heads of the thick filaments will bind?

A)Actin
B)Troponin
C)Tropomyosin
D)Myosin
E) Thick filament

Question 31

A sphincter has

A)widespread muscle fibers that converge on a common attachment site.
B)muscle fibers concentrically arranged.
C)fibers arranged in a parallel form.
D)fascicles arranged obliquely to their tendon.
E)fascicles that alternate superiorly and inferiorly.

Question 32

The biceps brachii is an example of a ________ muscle.

A)bipennate
B)parallel
C)circular
D)convergent
E)multipennate

Question 33

When the force is applied between the resistance and the fulcrum,the result is a _____ lever.

A)first-class
B)second-class
C)third-class

Question 34

Which sequence correctly lists the changes that allow the thick and thin filaments to slide past one another in skeletal muscle contraction?

A)Attach - pivot - detach - return
B)Pivot - attach - return - detach
C)Attach - detach - pivot - return
D)Return - pivot - attach - detach
E)Pivot - attach - detach - return

Question 35

The resistance to fatigue of fast fibers is ______ when compared to that of slow or intermediate fibers.

A)low
B)high
C)identical

Question 36

Pennate muscles resemble a

A)triangle.
B)leaf.
C)spindle.
D)feather.
E)strap.

Question 37

The vascular supply to slow muscle fibers is ______ the network of capillaries around fast muscle fibers.

A)more extensive than
B)less extensive than
C)the same as that of

Question 38

Which fibers dominate many of the back and calf muscles that contract almost continually to maintain posture?

A)Slow
B)Fast
C)Intermediate

Question 39

The most common type of pennate muscle configuration is

A)unipennate.
B)bipennate.
C)multipennate.

Question 40

The type of lever with the fulcrum in the middle is a ________ lever.

A)first-class
B)second-class
C)third-class

Question 41

The primary function of the abdominal muscles is not to flex the spine,but to hold the abdominal organs in place.

Question 42

The type of muscle fibers that are striated,form Y-shaped branches,and have junctions called intercalated discs are

A)skeletal.
B)cardiac.
C)smooth.
D)voluntary.
E)skeletal and voluntary.

Question 43

A muscle whose name has "profundus" in it is located

A)on the front.
B)deep.
C)on the side.
D)parallel to the midline.
E)superficially.

Question 44

In the hierarchy of skeletal muscle fiber components,the myofibril is made up of myofilaments.

Question 45

A term that could be used to describe the changes that occur in muscle fibers as humans age would be

A)proliferation.
B)hypertrophy.
C)convergence.
D)atrophy.
E)myofascia.

Question 46

The embryonic-like cells that remain in adult skeletal muscle tissue are known as satellite cells.

Question 47

This sarcomere depicts relaxed muscle.The M line is noted by number

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.
E)5.

Question 48

A muscle whose name has "orbicularis" in it is _______ in appearance.

A)oblique
B)straight
C)small
D)very large
E)circular

Question 49

Which applies to synergist muscles?
A: Assist the agonist
B: Assist the antagonist
C: May stabilize the point of origin
D: May contribute to tension at the insertion site
E: Most useful at the end of a movement

A)a,c,d,e
B)b,c,d,e
C)a,c,d
D)b,c,e
E)b,c,d

Question 50

When the muscles on the posterior side of the head pull on the skull and oppose the tendency of the head to tip anteriorly,one has an example of a _____ lever.

A)first-class
B)second-class
C)third-class

Question 51

The type of muscle fibers that have only a single nucleus,both thick and thin filaments,but no Z discs,are

A)skeletal.
B)cardiac.
C)smooth.
D)cardiac and smooth.
E)cardiac and skeletal.

Question 52

Using the mandible to close your mouth as you bite on food is an example of a _________ lever.

A)first-class
B)second-class
C)third-class

Question 53

Skeletal muscles are the only locations in the body where muscle tissue is found.

Question 54

The T-tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are unique to muscle fibers.

Question 55

With increased age,skeletal muscles show

A)a decrease in the number of myofibrils.
B)an increase in muscle fiber diameter.
C)no change in oxygen storage capability.
D)increased glycogen reserves.
E)a tendency to fatigue less rapidly.

Question 56

In which body region would you expect to find a muscle whose name includes the word "pollicis"?

A)Great toe
B)Buttocks
C)Thumb
D)Neck
E)Wrist

Question 57

During skeletal muscle fiber contraction,the I bands and H zones narrow.

Question 58

The fat and connective tissue that encircle a beef steak form the endomysium.

Question 59

Which region of a somite differentiates into the skeletal muscles?

A)Sclerotome
B)Dermatome
C)Myotome

Question 60

A muscle whose name has "triceps" in it

A)has two muscle heads or tendons of origin.
B)has three muscle heads or tendons of origin.
C)has four sets of two muscle heads or tendons of origin.
D)has four muscle heads or tendons of origin.
E)is part of a complex of three separate muscles that rotate at a joint.

Question 61

The energy to drive the myosin movement during skeletal muscle contraction is provided by ATP.

Question 62

The tension produced by a muscle fiber is directly proportional to the number of sarcomeres it contains.

Question 63

A first-class lever has its fulcrum between the force and the resistance.

Question 64

The number of satellite cells in skeletal muscle steadily decreases with age.

Question 65

Slow fibers are specialized to continue contracting for extended periods of time without experiencing fatigue.

Question 66

The agonist is the muscle that contracts to produce a desired movement.

Question 67

In the resting stage,a muscle with the word "rectus" in its name has straight fascicles.

Question 68

Second-class levers are the most common in the human body.

Question 69

The metabolic reactions within fast fibers derive much of their energy from aerobic respiration.

Question 70

The ability of a contracted muscle to recoil to its resting length when the applied tension is removed is called _______________.

Question 71

In an isotonic contraction,the tension produced exceeds the resistance and muscle fibers will shorten.

Question 72

Each skeletal muscle is composed of _____________,which are bundles of muscle fibers.

Question 73

The fascicles of a pennate muscle are at an oblique angle to the tendon.

Question 74

Parallel muscles exhibit great strength but little endurance.

Question 75

A circular muscle band that contracts at an orifice is also known as a _______________.

Question 76

The _____________ is the connective tissue covering of a fascicle.

Question 77

In the human body,the synovial joint between two bones always serves as the fulcrum of the lever.

Question 78

The return of a contracted muscle fiber to its resting length is an active (energy requiring)process.

Question 79

During skeletal muscle contraction,more force is created when more motor units are activated.

Question 80

Smooth muscle tissue is found in the organs of the digestive tract,the walls of blood vessels,and the iris.