Deck 24: Protists

Question 1

Which term can be used to describe the majority of protists?

A)aerobic
B)photosynthetic
C)anaerobic
D)autotrophic

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which sentence best describes the phylogenetic relationship between protists, fungi, plants, and animals?

A)Fungi and animals share a common protist ancestor, while plants arose from a different protist ancestor.
B)Fungi and plants share a common protist ancestor, while animals arose from a different protist ancestor.
C)Plants, animals, and fungi each arose from different protist lineages.
D)Animals and plants share a common protist ancestor, while fungi arose from a different protist ancestor.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following protists is the cause of "beaver fever"?

A)Physarum polycephalum
B)Plasmodium falciparum
C)Giardia lamblia
D)Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which protists have both plant and animal features?

A)Paramecium
B)Trychonympha
C)Trichomonas
D)Euglena

Question 5

Which of the following is characteristic of all algae?

A)They are unicellular.
B)They are multicellular.
C)They have life cycles with alternating generations.
D)They have chlorophyll.

Question 6

Which term describes kinetoplastida?

A)prokaryotic
B)photosynthetic
C)parasitic
D)ciliated

Question 7

In the figure, what is the structure labelled as number 7?

A)the gullet
B)the mitochondrion
C)the micronucleus
D)the macronucleus

Question 8

Suppose you discover an organism that has a nucleus but no mitochondria. What could this organism be?

A)a kinetoplastid
B)a euglenoid
C)a ciliate
D)a diplomonad

Question 9

In the figure, what are the structures labelled as number 5?

A)the pellicles
B)the pili
C)the cilia
D)the trichocysts

Question 10

Which of the following is the feature that the green algae received their name after?

A)chloros
B)photosynthesis
C)leaflike form
D)filamentous form

Question 11

What do all protists possess?

A)cell walls
B)multiple, circular chromosomes
C)chloroplasts
D)microtubules and microfilaments

Question 12

Which of the following protist lineages does NOT belong to the supergroup Excavata?

A)Kinetoplastids
B)Parabasalids
C)Diplomonadas
D)Diatoms

Question 13

Until recently, protists have been classified according to observable traits such as modes of nutrition and mechanisms of movement. What is the basis for modern protist classification?

A)their evolutionary relatedness
B)their similarity to plants
C)their cell wall types
D)their types of life cycles

Question 14

In the figure, what are the labels on the structures that maintain water balance?

A)1 and 6
B)1 and 3
C)6 and 9
D)7 and 8

Question 15

In the figure, what are the structures labelled as number 4?

A)the pili
B)the flagella
C)the cilia
D)the pellicles

Question 16

Which of the following is an extension of a lobe of the cytoplasm, and is used by some protists for movement?

A)a pilus
B)a cilium
C)a pseudopod
D)a gullet

Question 17

In the figure, what is the function of the structure labelled as number 2?

A)waste elimination
B)asexual reproduction
C)digestion
D)food intake

Question 18

Some protists have a pellicle. What is a pellicle used for?

A)food storage
B)defensive purposes
C)structural support
D)water absorption

Question 19

Which term refers collectively to small, photosynthetic protists found in aquatic habitats?

A)phytoplankton
B)chrysophytes
C)zooplankton
D)phagoplankton

Question 20

Why has the diverse group of protists traditionally been grouped together?

A)They all have the same type of nutrition.
B)They are not prokaryotes, fungi, plants, or animals.
C)They all have very similar shapes.
D)They all have very similar DNA sequences.

Question 21

Which group belongs to the Chromalveolates?

A)diatoms
B)apicomplexans
C)chlorophyta
D)rhodophyta

Question 22

Which protist group includes human pathogens?

A)parabasalids
B)radiolarians
C)chlorophyta
D)forams

Question 23

Suppose that you find a protist that is unicellular, heterotrophic, and nonflagellated, and it has two nuclei of different sizes. What could be concluded about this organism?

A)It is an ameobozoan.
B)It is a ciliate.
C)It is a foraminiferan.
D)It is a kinetoplastid.

Question 24

What is the undulating membrane of Parabasalids used for?

A)defensive purposes
B)food absorption
C)movement
D)structural support

Question 25

In the figure, what is occurring in step 1?

A)fusion
B)mitosis
C)meiosis
D)fertilization

Question 26

Which of the following are the least mobile protists?

A)heterokonts
B)diatoms
C)euglenoids
D)apicomplexans

Question 27

In the figure, in which step is meiosis occurring?

A)1
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 28

In the figure, which organism's life cycle is illustrated?

A)Paramecium spp.
B)Euglena spp.
C)malaria
D)Plasmodium spp.

Question 29

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the loss of mitochondria in Excavates?

A)their flagella
B)their aquatic habitat
C)their similarity to bacteria
D)their parasitic lifestyle

Question 30

What is the name of the dartlike protein threads that ciliates can eject from surface organelles when under attack?

A)gullets
B)alveoli
C)trichocysts
D)vacuoles

Question 31

In the figure, which type of cell serves as the host for the sporozoite?

A)the nerve cell
B)the skin cell
C)the red blood cell
D)the liver cell

Question 32

Which step in the life cycle of the organism in the figure causes disease symptoms in a human host?

A)1
B)4
C)5
D)6

Question 33

A population boom in which type of organism will cause a red tide?

A)ciliates
B)brown algae
C)diatoms
D)dinoflagellates

Question 34

Which genera is included in the ciliates group?

A)Entamoeba
B)Paramecium
C)Trichomonas
D)Anopheles

Question 35

How do water moulds differ from true fungi?

A)Water moulds are haploid, while fungi are diploid.
B)Water moulds form hyphae, while fungi form mycelia.
C)Water moulds have a different genetic composition than fungi do.
D)Water moulds have cell walls made up of chitin, while fungi have cell walls made up of cellulose.

Question 36

In the figure, what type of mosquito is illustrated?

A)a male
B)a larva
C)a female
D)an immature

Question 37

How many different species of Plasmodium cause malaria?

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 38

What is the apical complex of apicomplexans used for?

A)food absorption
B)attachment
C)structural support
D)asexual reproduction

Question 39

To which category of protists does the genus Plasmodium belong?

A)apicomplexans
B)ciliates
C)dinoflagellates
D)euglenoids

Question 40

Which sentence best describes diatoms?

A)They are unicellular and autotrophic.
B)They are multicellular and heterotrophic.
C)They are unicellular and heterotrophic.
D)They are multicellular and parasitic.

Question 41

What do amoebas use pseudopodia for besides movement?

A)excretion
B)feeding
C)avoiding predation
D)asexual reproduction

Question 42

Many algal species have life cycles consisting of alternating haploid and diploid generations. Which sentence describes the organisms that comprise the most common life cycle in brown algae?

A)They are unicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages.
B)They are colonial in both the haploid and diploid stages.
C)They are multicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages.
D)They are multicellular in the haploid stage and unicellular in the diploid stage.

Question 43

Suppose that you find a protist that has a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. What could be concluded about this organism?

A)It is a choanoflagellate.
B)It is a plasmodial slime mould.
C)It is a cellular slime mould.
D)It is not an opisthokont.

Question 44

On what basis can cellular slime moulds be distinguished from plasmodial slime moulds?

A)reproductive structures
B)spore formation
C)food requirements
D)nuclei per cell

Question 45

Under favourable conditions, in which form do plasmodial slime moulds primarily exist?

A)as individual flagellated cells
B)as spore-forming fruiting bodies
C)as a single, multinucleated cellular blob
D)as coordinated, multicellular blobs

Question 46

Which type of molecule reinforces the shells of forams?

A)calcium carbonate
B)hydrogen sulfide
C)copper sulfate
D)silica

Question 47

In the figure, which label identifies the structure that is the fruiting body?

A)label A
B)label B
C)label C
D)label E

Question 48

In the figure, which organism's life cycle is illustrated?

A)cellular slime mould
B)green algae
C)water mould
D)plasmodial slime mould

Question 49

Which of the following protists are NOT included in the Unikont supergroup?

A)amoebas
B)slime moulds
C)Rhizaria
D)plasmodial slime moulds

Question 50

Which group do diatoms belong to?

A)Phaeophyta
B)Chrysophyta
C)Chromalveolates
D)Rhodophyta

Question 51

What types of algae get their colour from the pigment fucoxanthin?

A)red algae and golden algae
B)brown algae and golden algae
C)brown algae and green algae
D)red algae green algae

Question 52

In the figure, which label identifies the diploid stage of this organism?

A)label A
B)label C
C)label D
D)label E

Question 53

Which type of cellular proteins internally support the axopods of radiolarians?

A)microfilaments
B)microtubules
C)actin filaments
D)lysosomal proteins

Question 54

Which term refers to the mechanism by which a brown algae sporophyte produces spores?

A)syngamy
B)fertilization
C)mitosis
D)meiosis

Question 55

In the figure, which label identifies the structure that is the slug?

A)label A
B)label C
C)label D
D)label E

Question 56

Which sentence describes most golden algae?

A)They are unicellular and autotrophic.
B)They are colonial and autotrophic.
C)They are multicellular and heterotrophic.
D)They are colonial and heterotrophic.

Question 57

How are heterokonts characterized?

A)by having two types of nuclei
B)by having two different flagella
C)by having cell walls of silica
D)by having cells walls of chitin

Question 58

In the figure, when is the structure labelled E formed?

A)under conditions of high competition
B)under conditions that favour mating
C)under conditions of high heat
D)under conditions of low food supply

Question 59

From which type of algae is algin extracted?

A)from golden algae
B)from red algae
C)from brown algae
D)from blue-green algae

Question 60

Which term refers to structures that are similar to roots and anchor brown algae to the substrate?

A)holdfasts
B)thalli
C)blades
D)stipes

Question 61

Which of the following algal groups is the most diverse?

A)red
B)green
C)golden
D)blue-green

Question 62

Amoeba is a term used to describe unicellular protists that move by means of flagella.

Question 63

Which of the following is the feature that choanoflagellates received their name after?

A)eye spot
B)cilia
C)flagellum
D)collar

Question 64

Many algal species have life cycles consisting of alternating haploid and diploid generations. Which sentence describes the organisms that comprise the most common life cycle in green algae?

A)They are multicellular in the haploid stage and unicellular in the diploid stage.
B)They are unicellular in the haploid stage and multicellular in the diploid stage.
C)They are unicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages.
D)They are multicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages.

Question 65

What kind of algae are rhodophyta?

A)brown
B)red
C)blue-green
D)golden

Question 66

Slime moulds are classified as Amoebozoa.

Question 67

The eyespot is a light-sensitive structure found in photosynthetic kinetoplastids.

Question 68

Diatomaceous earth is the fine powder produced from grinding the fossilized shells of diatoms.

Question 69

Which modern type of algae most closely resembles the algal ancestor of green plants?

A)Phaeophyta
B)Chrysophyta
C)Radiolaria
D)Charophyta

Question 70

From which cell walls is agar extracted?

A)those of red algae
B)those of blue-green algae
C)those of green algae
D)those of golden algae

Question 71

Most Euglena are autotrophs that carry out photosynthesis using different pigments as plants.

Question 72

The pigments responsible for the colour of red algae are the prodigiosins.

Question 73

Some dinoflagellates exhibit bioluminescence with the help of the enzyme photolyase.

Question 74

Colonies are aggregates of potentially independent protist cells that show little or no differentiation.

Question 75

The White Cliffs of Dover, England, are composed of shells of ancient diatoms.

Question 76

The parasite that causes African sleeping sickness is transmitted through the bite of a mosquito.

Question 77

The Chlorophyta are believed to be the ancestors of fungi and animals.

Question 78

Radiolarians have vacuoles, which provide them with buoyancy in marine environments.

Question 79

According to the latest research, which of the following is the best description of the first eukaryote?

A)It lacked a nucleus, but contained a mitochondrion and a chloroplast.
B)It contained a nucleus, a mitochondrion, and a chloroplast.
C)It contained a nucleus and a chloroplast, but not a mitochondrion.
D)It contained a nucleus and a mitochondrion, but not a chloroplast.

Question 80

When does secondary endosymbiosis occur?

A)when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfs a photosynthetic eukaryote
B)when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfs a photosynthetic prokaryote
C)when a photosynthetic eukaryote engulfs a photosynthetic prokaryote
D)when a photosynthetic eukaryote engulfs a nonphotosynthetic prokaryote