Deck 3: Section 6: Neuroscience and Behavior

Question 1

Prozac works by:

A)causing neurons to produce more serotonin.
B)causing neurons to release more serotonin into the synapse.
C)blocking the reuptake of serotonin from the synapse.
D)destroying enzymes that normally would deactivate serotonin.

Answer 1

blocking the reuptake of serotonin from the synapse.

Question 2

If you are sleeping, stimulating which area of the brain might render you instantly alert?

A)hippocampus
B)basal ganglia
C)reticular formation
D)cerebellum

Answer 2

reticular formation

Question 3

Alexandria has been suffering from seizures. Of these, she is MOST likely to have a lower level of which neurotransmitter?

A)GABA
B)glutamate
C)acetylcholine
D)norepinephrine

Answer 3

GABA

Question 4

Jennifer is suffering from amnesia and cannot form any new memories. Which region of her brain is MOST likely to show impairments?

A)pituitary gland
B)cerebellum
C)Broca's area
D)hippocampus

Question 5

Vijay has problems orienting to loud sounds. For example, in traffic, he cannot tell the direction that a car beep originated. What area of the central nervous system is likely malfunctioning to be responsible for this behavior?

A)spinal cord
B)hindbrain
C)midbrain
D)amygdala

Question 6

_____ are sections on a strand of _____.

A)Genes; DNA
B)DNA; genes
C)Chromosomes; DNA
D)Chromosomes; genes

Question 7

Larry got whacked on the head and lost his vision, even though his eyes were unharmed. Where did Larry probably get whacked on the head?

A)in the nose
B)right above his left ear
C)the back of his skull
D)right above the right ear

Question 8

Tyler was shot in the head, and the bullet passed through his frontal lobe. Fortunately, Tyler survived. Of these, Tyler is MOST likely to suffer deficits in:

A)processing information about touch.
B)regulation of blood pressure.
C)understanding spoken language.
D)planning and decision making.

Question 9

During an action potential, information is transmitted as an electrical signal primarily as a result of _____ rushing into the cell.

A)sodium
B)potassium
C)negatively charged protein ions
D)neurotransmitters

Question 10

Functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) directly measures the:

A)action potentials of single neurons.
B)activity of oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood in the brain.
C)electrical activity in the brain.
D)radioactive material absorbed by different brain regions.

Question 11

The benefit of using functional brain imaging techniques is that they allow researchers to:

A)observe dynamic activity of the brain as it happens during specific tasks.
B)produce static pictures of the brain that help locate damaged areas.
C)determine cause-and-effect relationships between brain and behavior.
D)diagnose tumors as benign or cancerous.

Question 12

The subdivision of the peripheral nervous system responsible for lowering heart rate, respiration, and increasing digestive processes is the _____ nervous system.

A)sympathetic
B)parasympathetic
C)somatic
D)central

Question 13

A heritability index of 0 for a behavioral trait indicates that:

A)the brain has no effect on the occurrence of that behavioral trait.
B)genetic variation is not responsible for the variation in the occurrence of the trait.
C)changing the environment will not change the likelihood that the trait will occur.
D)the trait is extremely common in the population.

Question 14

During the refractory period, an active chemical pump in the cell membrane:

A)initiates the action potential when it pumps potassium into and sodium out of the neuron.
B)initiates the action potential when it pumps sodium into and potassium out of the neuron.
C)restores the resting potential when it pumps potassium into and sodium out of the neuron.
D)restores the resting potential when it pumps sodium into and potassium out of the neuron.

Question 15

The three major types of neurons are:

A)sensory, dendritic, and motor neurons.
B)sensory, motor, and interneurons.
C)motor, mirror, and interneurons.
D)sensory, motor, and mirror neurons.

Question 16

The three basic parts of a neuron are the:

A)cell body, axon, and synapse.
B)cell body, dendrites, and synapse.
C)cell body, axon, and dendrites.
D)synapse, axon, and dendrites.

Question 17

The _____ stimulates the release of neurotransmitters from the _____, allowing neurons to communicate with each other.

A)action potential; vesicles
B)dendrites; axon
C)axon; synapse
D)vesicles; synapse