Deck 11: The Health Care System

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a major problem faced by the U. S. health care system?

A) Inadequate number of licensed professional caregivers
B) Lack of sufficient clinics to serve all communities and neighborhoods
C) Ongoing increase in infections, such as nosocomial infections
D) Large number of underinsured and uninsured citizens

Answer 1

Large number of underinsured and uninsured citizens

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the primary conclusion of the report To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System?

A) Hospital staffing must be improved to focus on safety rather than cost containment.
B) Quality of care and medical error are not easily defined.
C) Patients must recognize that care providers are human and errors will occasionally be made.
D) System failures are resulting in an incredible amount of harm from medical errors.

Answer 2

System failures are resulting in an incredible amount of harm from medical errors.

Question 3

Which of the following functions are responsibilities of the states? (Select all that apply.)

A) Delegating power to localities and holding them accountable for results
B) Creating managed health organizations to decrease state health care costs
C) Establishing and managing local health departments
D) Licensure of professional health care providers
E) Overseeing all insurance programs
F) Providing access to necessary health services

Answer 3

Delegating power to localities and holding them accountable for results
Licensure of professional health care providers
Overseeing all insurance programs
Providing access to necessary health services

Question 4

Which of the following reports state that nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training?

A) Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
B) Keeping Patients Safe: Transforming the Work Environment
C) Priority Areas for National Action
D) The Future of Nursing

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the principal factor behind ongoing legislation on the federal level related to health care?

A) Change is needed to reflect differences in health needs today.
B) Efforts must be put in place to control constantly increasing costs.
C) There is a need to focus on the population as a whole.
D) Technological breakthroughs should be expanded.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the most common organization for receiving personal health care in the United States today?

A) A group of physicians all in a particular specialty group who share an office
B) Community health center that includes educational and social services
C) Fee for service by a physician in practice by himself or herself
D) Managed care organization with capitated payments to providers, both professionals and organizations

Question 7

Which of the following advanced nurses does not have advanced education in a clinical specialty?

A) Clinical nurse leader
B) Clinical nurse specialist
C) Nurse midwife
D) Nurse practitioner

Question 8

Which of the following suggestions was made by the Health Professions Education report?

A) Expand efforts to increase enrollment in nursing education programs.
B) Interdisciplinary teams should use informatics to provide patient-centered care.
C) Primary care should be emphasized over education for specialty practice.
D) All health professions should be required to communicate and collaborate in patient education.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the significance of the Health Plan Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS)?

A) Data are publicized so consumers can make informed decisions about where to go for care.
B) Data are used to measure performance in the accreditation of managed care organizations (MCOs).
C) Obvious improvement in the provision of health care has resulted from requiring health care providers to collect and analyze such data.
D) Physicians and other health care providers can publicize the data to market their services to new clients.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the approach to health care used by states?

A) Federal funding encourages experimentation in creating new programs.
B) Insurance regulations concerning reimbursement cross state lines.
C) Information about successful programs is known to legislators.
D) States frequently develop new programs as federal funds become available to pay for them.

Question 11

Which of the following federal agencies is responsible for the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program, food stamps, and school-based nutrition programs?

A) Aid to Dependent Children Department
B) Department of Agriculture
C) Department of Education
D) Department of Health and Human Services

Question 12

Which health care provider organization is seeing an increase in the demand for their services?

A) Physician practice
B) Hospice service
C) Hospitals
D) Long-term care facilities

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a conclusion of the report Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care?

A) Disparities are found only in particular disease categories.
B) Lack of access in some neighborhoods is a primary cause of inequities.
C) Provider bias and stereotyping contribute to inequalities.
D) Physiological racial and ethnic differences lead to disparities in outcomes.

Question 14

Who primarily provides care for military personnel, their families, and veterans, as well as Native Americans?

A) Federal government
B) Local health departments
C) Regional health districts
D) State health departments

Question 15

Which of the following levels of government primarily establishes regulations and provides funding for health care?

A) Federal government
B) Local health departments
C) Regional health districts
D) State health departments

Question 16

Which of the following best describes how voluntary health agencies fit into the overall health care system?

A) They fill in the gaps between services offered by private and public health systems.
B) They primarily serve as sources of financial aid for the underserved.
C) They supplement the effort of the public health care system.
D) They support research, education, and services for particular groups of patients.

Question 17

Which activities would be a responsibility of local health departments? (Select all that apply.)

A) Ensuring quality of nursing education programs
B) Determining the safety of residents' wells
C) Establishing requirements for professionals to maintain their licensure
D) Providing free health screenings
E) Providing health education programs on proper nutrition
F) Inspecting restaurants

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of President Clinton's Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry report (1999)?

A) Created improvement in both physician and nurse educational programs
B) Demonstrated the incredible influence on health care made by the insurance industry
C) Increased national interest in improving health care and seeking reform
D) Stimulated the Institute of Medicine to explore quality in more depth

Question 19

Which of the following federal agencies is responsible for administering most of the federal health-related activities?

A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
C) Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
D) National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Question 20

Which of the following has led to the more recent focus on cooperation between the state and the federal level in relation to public health?

A) The emphasis of Healthy People 2020
B) The ongoing continued restriction of financial resources
C) The new presidential administration's goals
D) The threat of bioterrorism

Question 21

Which of the following conclusions were made when Congress asked for a report on the federal government's quality enhancement process on the care the federal government gave? (Select all that apply.)

A) A clear responsibility at the federal level is to lead by example.
B) Computerized clinical data have enabled practice guidelines to be written.
C) Federally sponsored education and training programs have a strong impact.
D) Quality assurance information has been consistent and useful in improvement.
E) The quality of federal health care was very good.
F) Writing regulations influences nonfederal health care providers and organizations.

Question 22

Which of the following best describes how complementary and alternative therapies differ from traditional health care? (Select all that apply.)

A) Alternative therapies have been documented as ineffective.
B) Complementary medicine is expanding because of paid media coverage.
C) Nurses rarely are involved in complementary or alternative therapies.
D) Providers vary in training and licensure.
E) Reimbursement is often unavailable.
F) Alternative therapies lack any research related to their effectiveness.

Question 23

Which of the following activities are consistent with the conclusions of the report Crossing the Quality Chasm? (Select all that apply.)

A) Increased emphasis on evidence-based practice
B) Improved reimbursement schedules that allow primary care providers to spend more time with each individual client
C) Increased attention to patients' needs for health education and self-management
D) Increased communication, cooperation, and collaboration between various components of the health care system
E) Increased use of information technology (electronic medical records and data management)
F) Improved organization of the health care system

Question 24

Which of the following describe current legislation acts that limit what managed care organizations (MCOs) are allowed to do? (Select all that apply.)

A) Allowing patients to see a specialist without having to obtain approval from their primary care provider
B) Allowing patients to go to the emergency department without first telephoning for approval
C) Allowing patients the right to choose a physician
D) Requiring the MCO to fulfill expectations of the national patients' rights bill
E) Requiring the MCO to accept any provider who meets plan requirements
F) Requiring the MCO to accept advanced practice nurses as primary care providers