Deck 11: Expressive Culture

Question 1

The cross-cultural study of music is referred to as

A)ethnoesthetics.
B)epidemiology.
C)ethnography.
D)ethnomusicology.
E)emics.

Answer 1

ethnomusicology.

Question 2

After the British introduction of cricket to Trobriand Islands, local changes to the game involved

A)insertion of Christian prayers during the game due to the missionaries' influence.
B)making sure there were equal numbers of male and female players.
C)abandoning the white clothing of the British game.
D)playing Western rock music between batting rounds.
E)making it even more "British" by serving British-style "tea" following the game.

Answer 2

abandoning the white clothing of the British game.

Question 3

John Chernoff's research on drumming in Ghana revealed

A)fieldwork is more than gathering data.
B)how the role of the ethnographer affects the research.
C)how creativity is related to society.
D)how Ghanaian family life is connected to music.
E)all of the above.

Answer 3

all of the above.

Question 4

Esthetics

A)may vary among different individuals within a culture.
B)are a set of standards defining what is art.
C)differ widely cross-culturally in what they include.
D)exist in all cultures.
E)all of the above.

Question 5

The most serious internal security issue of Turkey is the __________.

A)predominance of the Muslim religion
B)widespread acceptance of Western cultural elements
C)Kurdish quest for greater cultural autonomy and rights
D)decentralized political system established after the break-up of the Ottoman Empire
E)lack of an official state religion

Question 6

A garden that includes specimens from many cultures is called

A)a botanical museum.
B)globalized.
C)microcultural.
D)multicultural.
E)heterotopic.

Question 7

Men's wrestling in India

A)allows a freer, more indulgent lifestyle for the wrestlers than what is typical.
B)has experienced revitalization due to the interest in it by international tourists.
C)requires a high level of spirituality and self-control.
D)is a dying tradition.
E)none of the above: men's wrestling does not exist in India because of people's unwillingness to touch strangers.

Question 8

The rising popularity of __________ is evidence of Turkey's growing cosmopolitanism.

A)soccer
B)politics
C)McDonald's
D)belly dancing
E)water puppetry

Question 9

Gers, or yerts, are associated with which mode of livelihood?

A)industrialism/informatics
B)horticulture
C)pastoralism
D)agriculture
E)foraging

Question 10

In Michael Cernea's strategy for Cultural Heritage Preservation, written for the World Bank, he urges

A)a passive approach of non-interference.
B)generating capital from tourism to cultural heritage sites.
C)a "do no harm" approach.
D)cataloging and storing artifacts so that they will not be damaged in their natural environments.
E)that material cultural heritage not be used for financial gain.

Question 11

A study of Japanese interior decoration

A)used home decorating magazines as a major source of data.
B)found no class differences in patterns of adoption of Western styles.
C)demonstrated that nearly 100 percent of the population now has nuclear households and are designing their homes with no regard for parents-in-laws.
D)discovered that "traditional" values are being maintained within the home with little Western influence apparent.
E)found very few differences between middle class American preferences and styles and those in Japan.

Question 12

Cultural anthropologists who study art focus on

A)ethno-esthetics.
B)the meaning of art to the people of the culture.
C)the artist.
D)the process of making art.
E)all of the above.

Question 13

A prominent interpretation offered by cultural anthropologists about games and sports sees them as

A)best analyzed from a biological perspective.
B)the clearest examples of human agency.
C)"survivals" from the hominin heritage of humans.
D)more important in non-state societies than in state-level societies.
E)"microcosms" of society.

Question 14

Country music in Brazil

A)draws heavily on U.S. country music.
B)is usually performed by a pair of men who are brothers or resemble each other.
C)emphasizes themes about the past.
D)critiques American-driven globalization.
E)all of the above.

Question 15

An example of a form of theater is

A)maskit.
B)kathakali.
C)heterotopia.
D)tatami.
E)all of the above.

Question 16

An important aspect of the "Hawai'ian Renaissance" is the

A)increased interest in the hula in Hawai'i.
B)increased commercial development in the islands.
C)increased popularity of the hula in the mainland U.S.
D)more people in the mainland U.S. wanting to learn to play the ukulele.
E)increased interest in tourists from the mainland U.S. going to Hawai'i.

Question 17

The current style in which cricket is played in the Trobriands is the result of

A)syncretism.
B)local adaptation and change.
C)colonialism.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 18

Another name for intangible cultural heritage is

A)living heritage.
B)material culture.
C)putting people first.
D)ethno-esthetics.
E)arts and crafts.

Question 19

The anthropology of tourism has focused mainly on

A)how tourism has affected the health of both tourists and people in the destination areas.
B)the impact of Western tourism on indigenous peoples.
C)the role of international tourism in the world economy.
D)resistance movements of indigenous peoples against mass tourism on their land.
E)the impact of tourists on the quality of the environment in the United States and Canada.

Question 20

Among the Temiar of Malaysia, economic and musical roles are

A)dominated by older women.
B)dominated by older men.
C)completely unrelated to each other.
D)dominated by young men.
E)balanced and complementary between men and women.

Question 21

Charleston, South Carolina, was the center of the largest trans-Atlantic slave market in the British Empire during the early eighteenth century.

Question 22

In Turkey, belly dancing is influence by Roma dancing traditions.

Question 23

Games can both reflect and reinforce cultural values.

Question 24

Gullah men are largely responsible for "sewing" sweetgrass baskets.

Question 25

Art may serve as a form of social control as well as a form of social protest.

Question 26

Foragers' dwellings are an image of the family and not of the wider society.

Question 27

The concept of the garden as enclosed within four walls is most associated with which religion?

A)Christianity
B)Hinduism
C)Buddhism
D)Islam
E)none of the above: none of the major religions offers insights about gardens

Question 28

A comparison of how baseball is played in the United States and Japan revealed the importance of __________ in Japan:

A)a higher level of competitiveness between teams
B)a high level of competitiveness between players
C)ikat
D)wa
E)waanyi

Question 29

International tourism has had little effect on indigenous arts around the world.

Question 30

A common effect of tourism is the eradication of so-called "primitive" traditions.

Question 31

Sports, cross-culturally, are universally associated with religion.

Question 32

Classical dancing in Thailand is on UNESCO's list of material heritage.

Question 33

The definition of art used by anthropologists is broader than that used by art historians.

Question 34

Analysis reveals that Indian wrestlers are a lot like Hindu holy men in their discipline and diets.

Question 35

Ruins of an ancient city are an example of material cultural heritage.

Question 36

Compared to art historians, anthropologists who study art are more likely to focus on ethno-esthetics.

Question 37

Going to a Turkish-style bath may involve both pleasure and pain.

Question 38

Making and selling sweetgrass baskets is an important part of the Gullah economy.

Question 39

According to the constitution, the official state religion of Turkey is Islam.

Question 40

The origin of the cultural heritage of the Gullah people of South Carolina is in

A)West and Central Africa.
B)South Africa.
C)North Africa.
D)East Africa.
E)the Caribbean.

Question 41

How does housing differ between mobile groups and settled peoples?

Question 42

One feature that the Trobrianders have introduced into the British game of cricket is __________.

Question 43

One feature of traditional Japanese domestic interior design is __________.

Question 44

An example of "putting people first" in cultural heritage preservation discussed in the textbook is __________.

Question 45

A feature of the architecture of settled agricultural peoples is __________.

Question 46

Provide two examples from the textbook of how Western influence has transformed art/expressive culture in a non-Western context.

Question 47

What does blood sport refer to and what is one example of it?

Question 48

Study has shown that there is a relative absence of flowers in the art of __________.

Question 49

A difference between play and leisure is that leisure is more likely to __________.

Question 50

The "dive bomb" is related to a variety of performance called __________.

Question 51

The cross-cultural study of music is known as __________.

Question 52

Vietnamese water puppetry survives mainly because of its attraction to __________.

Question 53

The concept of __________ culture encompasses art, leisure, and play.

Question 54

Two examples of performance art found in many cultures are __________ and __________.

Question 55

Define heterotopia and give an example of it in terms of art/expressive culture.

Question 56

The importance of the Japanese concept of "wa" affects how the American game of __________ is played in Japan.

Question 57

The Waanyi Women's History Project sought to preserve indigenous Australian women's culture in order to display it to tourists.

Question 58

During the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, the vuvuzela caused much debate due to its noisiness.

Question 59

Bullfighting is an example of what is called a __________.

Question 60

Domestic architecture in pastoralist groups emphasizes __________.

Question 61

Discuss two examples of how architecture or interior design are related to power relations, either in the public or private domain.

Question 62

What are important questions in research related to gender and expressive culture? Discuss one example of anthropological research on gender in art/expressive culture/performance.

Question 63

What is ethnomusicology and describe an example of it.

Question 64

What are two major factors that create change in art/expressive culture? Illustrate each of these with an in- depth example. What are the similarities or differences in the change(s) involved and what accounts for them?

Question 65

Explain the concept of ethno-esthetics and discuss key principles of ethno-esthetics in West African wood carving.

Question 66

Describe the historical context of the Gullah people, key elements of their culture and current situation, and the challenges they face.

Question 67

Discuss three examples of change in expressive culture that anthropologists have documented. What are key features of change and were these changes related to globalization?

Question 68

Name a game that anthropologists have studied and discuss one of the findings.

Question 69

Discuss a finding from the anthropological study of tourism?

Question 70

How and why do anthropologists study the artist? What are some findings about artists that anthropological research has provided?