Deck 3: Mainstreams of Organizational Thought

Question 1

Describe a main purpose of Jacob Moreno's technique of sociometric analysis.

Answer 1

OB is the study of human behavior in the context of an organization and the purpose is to use this knowledge of human behavior to improve organizational performance.

Question 2

Two ideas that are primary to the organizational theory movement and that were prominent in the work of Chester Barnard were

A)coordinating and communicating.
B)decision making and organizational climate.
C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.
D)formal structures and informal structures.
E)conflict management and change.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Bureaucratic principles include which of the following.

A)A well-defined hierarchy of authority.
B)Management sets the objectives and the workers cooperate in achieving them.
C)Time and motion studies.
D)Plan,organize,command.
E)Unity of command.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Two of the pioneers of the concept of group decision making that has become a central concept in OB are

A)Kurt Lewin and Margaret Mead.
B)Woodrow Wilson and Margaret Mead
C)Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford.
D)Woodrow Wilson and Kurt Lewin.
E)Henri Fayol and Frederick Taylor.

Question 5

In your own words,define Organizational Behavior OB).Include in your answer the purpose of OB.

Question 6

The main differences)between Scientific Management or Taylorism and Classical Organization Theory was that Classical Theory focused on__________,whereas Scientific Management focused mainly on ______________.

A)the whole organization; the individual worker
B)management rights; worker rights
C)the exception principle; breaking jobs down into small steps
D)bureaucratic principles; the scalar principle
E)a,b,and d are correct.

Question 7

Two concepts that came out of the Western Electric Studies that influenced the Human Relations movement were

A)coordinating and communicating.
B)motivation and group dynamics.
C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.
D)personnel relations and autonomy.
E)sociometry and coordinating.

Question 8

The definition of exception principle

A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.
B)concerns line and staff,in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.
C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.
D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.
E)states that as workers become better at their jobs,they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Question 9

The definition of scalar principle

A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.
B)concerns line and staff,in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.
C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.
D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.
E)states that as workers become better at their jobs,they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Question 10

The father of Scientific Management was

A)Max Weber.
B)Henri Fayol.
C)Frederick Taylor.
D)Ellwood Cubberley.
E)Frank Gilbreth.

Question 11

Select the main differences)in the contributions of Henri Fayol when compared to Frederick Taylor.

A)Fayol focused primarily on management's responsibilities,whereas Taylor focused on the workers.
B)Fayol emphasized flexibility in applying principles of management,rather than strict application of principles.
C)Fayol suggested that management should establish strict methods for selecting workers and training them for specific jobs.
D)Fayol suggested that management should attempt to establish positive morale in the organization.
E)A,b,and d are correct.