Deck 12: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Engaging in excessive exercise in addition to limiting calorie intake falls under the _____ type of anorexia nervosa.

A) restricting
B) binge eating/purging
C) self-evaluation
D) body dysmorphic

Answer 1

restricting

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of the difference between the binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

A) Women with bulimia nervosa have amenorrhea, whereas women with binge/purge anorexia usually do not.
B) A person with the binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa engages in binges in which large amounts of food are eaten, whereas binges in bulimia nervosa consist of smaller amounts of food.
C) Anorexia nervosa affects both men and women, whereas bulimia nervosa is prevalent among women only.
D) People with the binge/purge anorexia type are at least 15 percent below healthy body weight, whereas people with bulimia nervosa typically are at normal weight or somewhat overweight.

Answer 2

People with the binge/purge anorexia type are at least 15 percent below healthy body weight, whereas people with bulimia nervosa typically are at normal weight or somewhat overweight.

Question 3

Which of the following behaviors is typically associated with bulimia?

A) Overeating
B) Self-induced vomiting
C) Overuse of laxatives
D) Excessive exercise

Answer 3

Self-induced vomiting

Question 4

Thea is significantly underweight and disturbed with her body image. She tends to use diuretics and laxatives to keep her weight low. She senses a lack of control over eating. According to DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa, she would most likely be diagnosed with the:

A) restricting type.
B) binge/purge type.
C) self-evaluation type.
D) body dysmorphic type.

Question 5

Laurell is of normal weight and is over-concerned with her weight and figure. She often will eat an entire box of doughnuts and then because she feels a lack of control over eating that much will use laxatives to get rid of the unwanted calories. According to the DSM-5 criteria, Laurell will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restrictive type

Question 6

Which type of anorexia involves eating very small amounts of food each day, in part simply to stay alive and in part because of pressure from others to eat?

A) The constricting type
B) The binge/purge type
C) The restricting type
D) The self-imposed type

Question 7

For several months, Reba has kept her weight 10 to 15 pounds below what would be considered normal for her age and height. She uses laxatives after eating a meal. She has become concerned because she has recently stopped menstruating. Which of the following diagnoses would Reba likely receive?

A) Binge-eating disorder
B) Bulimia nervosa; purging type
C) Anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) Anorexia nervosa; restrictive type

Question 8

A core characteristic of bulimia nervosa is:

A) uncontrolled eating.
B) controlled weight gain.
C) controlled physical exercise.
D) controlled purging.

Question 9

All of the following are considered serious physical consequences of anorexia EXCEPT:

A) hiatal hernia.
B) cardiovascular complications.
C) lower bone strength.
D) kidney damage.

Question 10

People with _____ starve themselves, subsisting on little or no food for very long periods of time, yet they remain sure that they need to lose more weight.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) obesity
C) bulimia nervosa
D) anorexia nervosa

Question 11

Amile is underweight and uncomfortable with the way she views her body. She also has no lack of control over eating. She exercises excessively. According to DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa, she would most likely be diagnosed with the:

A) restricting type.
B) binge/purging type.
C) self-evaluation type.
D) body dysmorphic type.

Question 12

Amenorrhea refers to:

A) a female's inability to ovulate.
B) excessive bleeding during menstruation.
C) the absence of menstrual periods.
D) irregular menstrual cycles.

Question 13

What are the two types of anorexia recognized by the DSM-5?

A) The simple type and constricting type
B) The binge type and purge type
C) The restricting type and binge/purge type
D) The self-imposed type and induced type

Question 14

Which of the following individuals is most likely to develop anorexia?

A) Bertha, 22, an Asian-American businessperson
B) Lena, 15, a Hispanic high school student
C) Janet, 16, an African-American high school student
D) Abigail, 18, a Caucasian college student

Question 15

Fergus has lost one hundred pounds this past year. His weight is 15 percent below what his physician says is a healthy weight for him, yet he refuses to acknowledge his thinness or the serious risks of his self-starvation. Fergus is afraid that if he gains weight, no woman will ever date him again. Fergus is most likely exhibiting _____.

A) body dysmorphic disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) anorexia nervosa

Question 16

One of the key differences in DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa is that now diagnosis is based on _____.

A) body mass index
B) amenorrhea
C) weight at time of intake
D) hip to waist ratio

Question 17

Which of the following is the driving force behind most people's attempt to lose weight?

A) The desire to meet a mate
B) The desire to reduce body dissatisfaction
C) The desire to model the behavior of celebrities
D) The desire to be more healthy

Question 18

Engaging in episodes of recurring overeating and use of laxatives/enemas to keep weight low falls under the _____ type of anorexia nervosa in the DSM-5.

A) restricting
B) binge/purge
C) self-evaluation
D) body dysmorphic

Question 19

Which of the following did DSM-5 drop from the anorexia nervosa diagnostic criteria?

A) Calorie restriction
B) Amenorrhea
C) Fear of weight gain
D) Discomfort with self-evaluation of one's body

Question 20

People with anorexia nervosa:

A) often develop elaborate rituals around food.
B) tend to feel energetic even when they have not eaten.
C) are mostly depressed when they are losing weight.
D) do not fear gaining weight.

Question 21

Which of the following disorders involves an imbalance in the body's electrolytes?

A) Binge-eating disorder
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Partial eating disorder syndrome
D) Anorexia nervosa

Question 22

Binge-eating disorder differs from bulimia nervosa in that the person with binge-eating disorder:

A) limits the number of times bingeing occurs.
B) is better able to control food consumption.
C) does not regularly engage in purging or excessive exercise.
D) experiences less anxiety about bingeing.

Question 23

A longitudinal study in Oregon, which focused on adolescents with less severe eating disorders the researchers called partial-syndrome eating disorders, found that these adolescents:

A) may binge multiple times per week.
B) may be a full 25 percent underweight.
C) tend to judge themselves on the basis of their weight.
D) are not excessively concerned about their weight.

Question 24

The DSM-5 allows the diagnosis _____ for individuals who have some severe symptoms of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa but do not meet the criteria for either disorder.

A) partial-syndrome eating disorder
B) other specified feeding or eating disorder
C) binge-eating disorder
D) undifferentiated eating disorder syndrome

Question 25

The onset of bulimia nervosa most often occurs:

A) before age 18.
B) after age 21.
C) between ages 15 and 29.
D) between ages 13 and 16.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true of binge-eating disorder?

A) Due to a lack of substantial evidence supporting its existence, the DSM-5 will most likely drop binge-eating disorder as an official diagnosis.
B) People with binge-eating disorder typically have a history of frequent dieting, membership in weight-control programs, and family obesity.
C) Unlike anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder is more common in men than in women.
D) Binge-eating disorder is most common among African Americans, compared to other groups in the population.

Question 27

Epidemiological studies show that the most common eating disorder diagnosis is:

A) other specified feeding or eating disorder.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 28

Fredrique is of normal weight and is over-concerned with his body image. He often will eat at the all-you-can-eat buffet and then because he feels a lack of control over eating that much, he will use excessive exercising to control his weight. According to the DSM-5 criteria, he will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restrictive type

Question 29

Which of the following was a finding of a longitudinal study in Oregon, which focused on adolescents with less severe eating disorders the researchers called "partial-syndrome eating disorders"?

A) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were more likely to be boys than girls.
B) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were more likely to have earned a bachelor's degree but were also more likely to be unemployed.
C) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were less likely than those with full-blown eating disorders to have psychological problems.
D) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders had lower self-esteem, poorer social relationships, poorer physical health, and lower levels of life satisfaction than those with no signs of an eating disorder.

Question 30

Simone meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa EXCEPT that she falls within normal weight range. According to the DSM-5 criteria, she will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) pica syndrome eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true of bulimia nervosa?

A) The prevalence of bulimia nervosa in the general population is estimated to be between 5 and 8 percent.
B) It is much more common in women than in men, and more common in Caucasians than in African Americans.
C) The death rate among people with bulimia is much higher than it is among people with anorexia.
D) Bulimia nervosa tends to be a disorder associated with adolescence, and usually disappears once the person enters adulthood.

Question 32

Enrique is significantly overweight and is distressed with his body image. He often will eat at the all-you-can-eat buffet and then feels a lack of control due to it. According to the DSM-5 criteria, he will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restrictive type

Question 33

Madeline is highly concerned with her weight and usually engages in a binge/purge cycle twice a month. According to the DSM-5 criteria, she will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) pica eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 34

A longitudinal study in Oregon, which focused on adolescents with less severe eating disorders which the researchers called partial-syndrome eating disorders, found that approximately _____ of these adolescents had a diagnosable psychiatric disorder when they were in their early 20s.

A) 60 percent
B) 75 percent
C) 80 percent
D) 90 percent

Question 35

Dennis tends to eat excessive amounts of food several times a day. As a result of overeating, Dennis is 30 pounds overweight. Dennis is most likely exhibiting:

A) the nonpurging type of bulimia nervosa.
B) the purging type of bulimia nervosa.
C) the binge-purge type of anorexia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 36

Shanee is highly concerned with her weight. Because she feels she has insomnia, she has a tendency to stay up late watching TV and overeating. She is distressed that she cannot control her eating behaviors. According to the DSM-5 criteria, she will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) pica eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 37

Doctors can recognize people with bulimia because of the fact that:

A) patients tend to have an electrolyte imbalance.
B) the regular use of laxatives causes mouth ulcers.
C) self-induced vomiting reduces calcium, which affects the teeth.
D) frequent vomiting can affect the tonsils.

Question 38

Researchers conducting a longitudinal study in Oregon, which followed a large group of adolescents, coined the label _____ for syndromes on the less severe end of the continuum of eating disorders that don't meet the full criteria for anorexia or bulimia nervosa.

A) marginal eating disorders
B) borderline eating disorders
C) partial-syndrome eating disorders
D) pica disorder

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true of the cultural differences in eating disorders?

A) A meta-analysis found that bulimia nervosa is considerably more common in Westernized cultures than in non-Westernized cultures.
B) The prevalence of bulimia nervosa has decreased significantly in the second half of the twentieth century.
C) Since 1990, the prevalence of bulimia nervosa has increased dramatically in the United States, Europe, and Australia.
D) The incidence of anorexia nervosa was stable between 1930 and 1970, but has risen significantly since then.

Question 40

Which of the following individuals is most likely to develop bulimia?

A) Bertha, 22, an Asian-American businessperson
B) Lena, 15, a Hispanic high school student
C) Janet, 16, an African-American high school student
D) Abigail, 18, a Caucasian college student

Question 41

Deficiencies in serotonin might lead the body to crave _____.

A) potassium
B) carbohydrates
C) proteins
D) sodium

Question 42

Longitudinal studies have shown that women who:

A) internalize the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
B) understand all the implications of the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
C) argue against the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
D) recognize pressures from the media to subscribe to the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.

Question 43

Many people with bulimia show abnormalities in systems regulating the neurotransmitter _____.

A) serotonin
B) epinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) norepinephrine

Question 44

Obesity is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

A) coronary heart disease.
B) type 2 diabetes.
C) some kinds of cancer.
D) Caesarian sections

Question 45

Other specified eating disorder has a prevalence of approximately _____ in the general population.

A) 1 percent
B) 3 percent
C) 5 percent
D) 9 percent

Question 46

_____ is not designated as an eating disorder by the DSM-5.

A) Obesity
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Bulimia nervosa
D) Eating disorder not otherwise specified

Question 47

Which of the following high school students is most likely to develop an eating disorder?

A) Susan, who is a gymnast
B) Anna, who plays basketball
C) Martha, who plays softball
D) Trina, who plays volleyball

Question 48

Which of the following medications results in an increase in blood pressure and heart rate?

A) Orlistat
B) Rimonabant
C) Xenical
D) Sibutramine

Question 49

Two drugs currently approved in the United States for weight loss are:

A) sibutramine and orlistat.
B) sibutramine and rimonabant.
C) rimonabant and orlistat.
D) risperidone and prozac.

Question 50

Which of the following groups has the highest rate of obesity?

A) African Americans
B) Asian Americans
C) European Americans
D) Hispanic Americans

Question 51

Psychologists have linked the historical and cross-cultural differences in the prevalence of eating disorders to:

A) standards of beauty for women.
B) how affluent or poor a society is.
C) the influence of the media.
D) levels of education.

Question 52

Which of the following is a proven method for preventing weight gain and reducing weight?

A) Eat fewer nutrient-dense foods and more empty calories from food and beverages.
B) Aim for a minimum of 10 minutes of physical activity daily.
C) Have access to some amounts of junk food at home to prevent sudden binges.
D) Be more active throughout the day.

Question 53

Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of _____.

A) 20 or above
B) 25 or above
C) 30 or above
D) between 32 and 38.

Question 54

A biological abnormality found in people with anorexia is:

A) increased functioning in the caudate nucleus.
B) low levels of norepinephrine.
C) decreased metabolism in the frontal cerebrum.
D) lowered functioning of the hypothalamus.

Question 55

In 2012, Ogden et al. estimated that _____ of American adults were obese.

A) almost one-fourth
B) over one-third
C) approximately 50 percent
D) about two-thirds

Question 56

_____ of all Americans do not get any exercise at all.

A) 10 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent

Question 57

_____ involves creating a small pouch at the base of the esophagus, which severely limits food intake. The stomach may be stapled, banded, or bypassed.

A) Nonadjustable gastric banding
B) Bariatric surgery
C) StomaphyX
D) Horizontal banded gastroplasty

Question 58

In which of the following categories of sport are athletes most likely to have an eating disorder?

A) Aesthetic sports
B) Endurance sports
C) Ball game sports
D) Technical sports

Question 59

The _____ plays a central role in regulating eating.

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) amygdala

Question 60

Paula has been participating in sports since she was five. She is now at the elite level in her sport, and is under pressure to lose weight. She has developed some characteristics of anorexia. Paula is least likely to be participating in _____.

A) gymnastics
B) judo
C) figure skating
D) soccer

Question 61

According to Hilde Bruch, anorexia nervosa often occurs in girls who:

A) are underachievers with high anxiety.
B) do not conform to social norms and have low anxiety.
C) have been high achievers, and dutiful and compliant daughters.
D) have low self-esteem combined with a rebellious nature.

Question 62

The best-studied family therapy for persons with anorexia is known as the:

A) systemic coaching model.
B) Maslow model.
C) Maudsley model.
D) constructivist model.

Question 63

Which of the following binge-eating subtypes did Stice et al. identify?

A) Dieting subtype and anxiety subtype
B) Anxiety subtype and panic subtype
C) Panic subtype and depressive subtype
D) Depressive subtype and dieting subtype

Question 64

According to Hilde Bruch, which of the following is NOT true of parents of girls who develop anorexia nervosa?

A) They tend to be overcontrolling.
B) They tend to be overinvested in their daughters' compliance and achievements.
C) They allow their daughters to express negative feelings.
D) They discourage the expression of feelings.

Question 65

April is receiving individual therapy from Dr. Gruber for her anorexia. Dr. Gruber will most likely:

A) define April's feelings for her.
B) help April reevaluate her thoughts about being thin.
C) have April hospitalized.
D) convince April to ask her parents to intervene.

Question 66

According to Stice and colleagues, women with the _____ subtype of binge eating are plagued by feelings of depression and low self-esteem and often eat to quell these feelings.

A) dieting
B) anxiety
C) panic
D) depressive

Question 67

According to research, people with eating disorders:

A) are not bothered by others' opinions.
B) are flexible in their self-evaluations.
C) have a dichotomous thinking style.
D) rarely conform to others wishes.

Question 68

Kathleen Vohs and colleagues suggested that disordered eating is especially likely to result when body dissatisfaction is combined with:

A) perfectionism and low self-esteem.
B) poor self-image and internalization of the thin ideal.
C) internalization of the thin ideal and a desire for social acceptance.
D) a desire for social acceptance and a perfectionist nature.

Question 69

What percentage of the women with the depressive subtype of binge-eating developed major depression over the eight-year period after the study conducted by Stice et al.?

A) 60 percent
B) 65 percent
C) 75 percent
D) 80 percent

Question 70

Gwendolyn weighs 85 pounds and has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following factors is likely to present a major difficulty with respect to treating her in therapy?

A) Control
B) Delusions
C) Transference
D) Ethics

Question 71

According to Stice et al., women with the _____ of binge eating try their best to maintain a strict low-calorie diet, but they frequently fall off the wagon and engage in binge eating.

A) dieting subtype
B) anxiety subtype
C) panic subtype
D) depressive subtype

Question 72

According to the study conducted by Stice et al., women with the depressive subtype:

A) are less likely to respond well to treatment.
B) face fewer difficulties in their relationships with family and friends.
C) are less likely to continue to engage in severe binge eating.
D) are less likely to be diagnosed with major depression or an anxiety disorder.

Question 73

Bruch argues that girls from overcontrolling families:

A) have a strong desire for peer relationships.
B) tend to show higher levels of sexual activity.
C) deeply fear separation from their families.
D) are in tune with their feelings and trust their own judgment.

Question 74

Marianne has controlling, overprotective, fault-finding parents. In response to their behaviors, she refuses to maintain the minimal body weight she needs for her age and height. Aside from her eating disorder, Marianne will most likely exhibit all of the following behaviors EXCEPT _____.

A) conformity
B) defiance
C) distrust
D) anger

Question 75

_____ therapies are the most researched treatment for anorexia nervosa.

A) Cognitive-behavioral
B) Psychodynamic
C) Behavioral
D) Rational-emotive

Question 76

Which of the following statements is true of psychotherapy for anorexia?

A) People with anorexia nervosa highly value their thinness and so can be resistant to therapists' attempts to change their behaviors or attitudes.
B) Hospitalization and forced feeding are hardly ever used for treating patients with anorexia nervosa.
C) Most people with anorexia nervosa proactively seek treatment for themselves, as they realize the dangers associated with their behaviors.
D) Psychotherapy for patients with anorexia nervosa tends to be short-term, as the relapse rate is usually low.

Question 77

Which of the following statements is true of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anorexia nervosa?

A) The client's family members discuss their opinions about the client's disorder.
B) The clients are encouraged to discuss their repressed feelings and anxieties.
C) The client's overvaluation of thinness is confronted, and rewards are based on the person's gaining weight.
D) The therapist uses projective tests to identify and interpret the client's feelings.

Question 78

Which of the following is true about athletes and eating disorders?

A) May, who is an elite athlete, is more likely develop an eating disorder than June, who is a non-elite athlete.
B) May, who is an elite athlete, is less likely to develop an eating disorder than June, who is a non-elite athlete.
C) May, who is an elite athlete, and June, who is a non-elite athlete, are equally likely to develop an eating disorder.
D) Neither May nor June will develop an eating disorder because there is no empirical evidence correlating eating disorders and athletes.

Question 79

A therapist who treats a patient with anorexia should:

A) get the client to give up all control.
B) win and maintain the client's trust and encourage participation.
C) convince the family to develop more clear-cut boundaries.
D) win and maintain the family's trust and participation.

Question 80

Which of the following high school students is most likely to develop an eating disorder?

A) Austin, who plays soccer
B) Jared, who plays football
C) KJ, who plays baseball
D) Randy, who is a bodybuilder