Deck 5: Trauma, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following is associated with the beginning of drug treatment for psychosis?

A) Butyrophenone
B) Lithium
C) Chlorpromazine
D) Neuron

Answer 1

Chlorpromazine

Question 2

Proponents of biological treatments for mental health problems will most likely recommend which of the following treatments?

A) Prefrontal lobotomy
B) MRI, CT and PET before performing a lobotomy
C) Psychoanalytic approach
D) Prescription medication

Answer 2

Prescription medication

Question 3

Which of the following is thought to be true of neuroleptics?

A) They improve memory loss
B) They reduce muscle spasms
C) They act as a pain reliever
D) They depress the activity of the central nervous system

Answer 3

They depress the activity of the central nervous system

Question 4

Which of the following is not a biological treatment for mental disorders?

A) Electroconvulsive therapy
B) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
C) Magnetic resonance imaging
D) Psychosurgery

Question 5

The voluntary support network includes which of the following?

A) Psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, and psychiatric social workers
B) Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
C) Social services, school-based counselling services, residential rehabilitation services, criminal justice services, and religious professional counsellors
D) Health care professionals, such as internists, pediatricians, and nurse practitioners

Question 6

Which the following is true of mental health treatments?

A) They generally include drug treatment and a psychodynamic approach
B) They generally take a biopsychosocial approach
C) They may vary depending on the theoretical orientation
D) They will most likely include a psychosocial approach

Question 7

What class of antipsychotic drugs did Paul Janssen discover?

A) Chlorpromazine
B) Promethazine
C) Butyrophenone
D) Thorazine

Question 8

Phenothiazines were first thought to be useful for which symptoms?

A) Cold symptoms
B) Allergies
C) Back pain
D) Headaches

Question 9

Who is credited with the discovery of phenothiazines?

A) August Bernthsen
B) Henri Laborit
C) Smith, Kline, and French
D) Delay and Deniker

Question 10

Which doctor at McGill University introduced Canadian psychiatrists to chlorpromazine?

A) August Bernthsen
B) Henri Laborit
C) Heinz Lehmann
D) Delay and Deniker

Question 11

Which of the following have shown to be effective in treating many mental disorders?

A) Drug therapies and psychotherapies
B) Drug therapies and incarceration
C) Drug therapies and institutionalization
D) Drug therapies and deinstitutionalization

Question 12

The human services sector includes which of the following?

A) Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
B) Health care professionals, such as internists, pediatricians and nurse practitioners
C) Psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses and psychiatric social workers
D) Social services, school-based counselling services, residential rehabilitation services, criminal justice services, and religious professional counsellors

Question 13

Randy is a patient in a Canadian hospital during the mid 1960s. His chief complaints are hallucinations and delusions. Which phenothiazine product will Randy most likely receive?

A) Benzodiazepine
B) Promethazine
C) Butyrophenone
D) Thorazine

Question 14

The specialty mental health sector includes which of the following?

A) Health care professionals, such as internists, pediatricians, and nurse practitioners
B) Psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, and psychiatric social workers
C) Social services, school-based counselling services, residential rehabilitation services, criminal justice services, and religious professional counsellors
D) Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)

Question 15

Which of the following best describes how drugs for mental disorders were discovered?

A) Well controlled empirical research
B) Medical doctors used their understanding of anatomy to develop the proper treatment
C) Mental health professionals created a symposium to find a cure for mental disorders
D) Most drugs were discovered simply by accident

Question 16

Which surgeon became interested in phenothiazines as a pre-surgery drug?

A) August Bernthsen
B) Henri Laborit
C) Smith, Kline, and French
D) Delay and Deniker

Question 17

The general medical or primary care sector includes which of the following?

A) Social services, school-based counselling services, residential rehabilitation services, criminal justice services, and religious professional counsellors
B) Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
C) Health care professionals, such as internists, pediatricians and nurse practitioners
D) Psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses and psychiatric social workers

Question 18

Psychosis refers to all of the following, except:

A) Alternating moods
B) Faulty perception of reality
C) Presence of hallucinations
D) Presence of delusions

Question 19

Chlorpromazine was introduced to North American psychiatrists under which of the following names?

A) Neuroleptic
B) Thorazine
C) Promethazine
D) Butyrophenone

Question 20

Chlorpromazine belongs to which group of chemical compounds?

A) Butyrophenone
B) Phenothiazines
C) Chlorpromazine
D) Neuroleptic

Question 21

What type of medication is Lithium?

A) Antipsychotic
B) Antianxiety
C) Antidepressant
D) Antimanic

Question 22

Lithium is a metallic element present in all of the following, except:

A) The cocoa leaf
B) The sea
C) Natural springs
D) Animal tissue

Question 23

Which psychiatrist's study of lithium convinced mental health professionals to consider its use to relieve the symptoms of mania?

A) Mogens Schou
B) William Hammand
C) John Cade
D) Roland Kuhn

Question 24

Antipsychotic drugs are used to relieve which of the following?

A) Anxiety
B) Psychosis
C) Depression
D) Mania

Question 25

Which of the following is a trade name for an MAOI?

A) Nardil
B) Lithium
C) Elavil
D) Zoloft

Question 26

SSRIs specifically target which neurotransmitter?

A) Norepinephrine
B) Dopamine
C) Acetylcholine
D) Serotonin

Question 27

Jean's psychiatrist diagnosed her with depression. She is a bit leery of taking medication, but wants relief from her depressive symptoms. Ideally, she would be prescribed a medication that targets a specific neurotransmitter associated with depression in order to minimize side effects. What class of antidepressants is Jean's psychiatrist likely to prescribe?

A) SSRIs
B) Tricyclics
C) MAOIs
D) GABA

Question 28

Antidepressants are used to relieve which of the following?

A) Anxiety
B) Psychosis
C) Depression
D) Mania

Question 29

Which physician conducted extensive studies on the use of lithium, but his work went unnoticed?

A) John Cade
B) Heinz Lehmann
C) William Hammand
D) Mogens Schou

Question 30

Tricyclic antidepressants were thought to inhibit which of the following?

A) The enzyme monoamine oxidase
B) The reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
C) The reuptake of serotonin
D) The degradation of gamma-amino butyric acid

Question 31

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are thought to inhibit which of the following?

A) The degradation of the enzyme monoamine oxidase
B) The reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
C) The reuptake of serotonin
D) The degradation of gamma-aminobutyric acid

Question 32

SSRIs have been promoted as relieving all of the following symptoms, except:

A) Impulsivity
B) Shyness
C) Lack of self-confidence
D) Delusions of grandeur

Question 33

What side effect is commonly caused by MAOIs when they are mixed with certain foods?

A) Abdominal pain
B) Vomiting
C) Diarrhea
D) Rise in blood pressure

Question 34

What was the first class of antidepressants to be discovered?

A) Lithium
B) MAOIs
C) SSRIs
D) Tricyclics

Question 35

What did most studies that compared the effects of SSRIs and tricyclics conclude?

A) SSRIs are more effective
B) Tricyclics are more effective
C) SSRIs and tricyclics are equally effective
D) SSRIs and tricyclics are ineffective

Question 36

Prozac belongs to which class of antidepressants?

A) Lithium
B) MAOIs
C) SSRIs
D) Tricyclics

Question 37

Which of the following is true of atypical antipsychotic drugs?

A) They seem to be effective without inducing some of the side effects found in the more typical antipsychotic drugs
B) They seem to slightly improve symptoms compared to the typical psychotic drugs
C) They were rejected by psychiatrists because of their weak relationship to psychotic symptoms
D) They caused major side effects and drug companies refused to produce the drugs

Question 38

Which of the following medications is designed to target norepinephrine and serotonin?

A) Elavil
B) Effexor
C) Zoloft
D) Prozac

Question 39

Martha has been taking her antidepressants for several weeks now. She has become concerned because she seems to have trouble falling and staying asleep. She also noticed that she has more frequent headaches. Although these things are bothersome, her depressive symptoms are not present. Martha is most likely taking which class of antidepressants?

A) SSRIs
B) Tricyclics
C) MAOIs
D) GABA

Question 40

Jerry's psychiatrist is treating him with an antidepressant. He notices that after taking the medication, he experiences throbbing headaches and becomes nauseated when he eats certain foods. What class of antidepressants was Jerry most likely prescribed?

A) Lithium
B) MAOIs
C) SSRIs
D) Tricyclics

Question 41

Which of the following is true concerning barbiturates?

A) Barbiturates are highly effective in treating depression with little or no side effects
B) Research indicates that barbiturates are the drug of choice for middle-class European housewives and are frequently over-prescribed
C) Barbiturates are extremely addictive but studies indicate they are useful in inducing relaxation and sleep
D) No biological relationship exists between the use of barbiturates and anxiety

Question 42

Although ECT was originally developed as a treatment for schizophrenia, research now indicates that ECT is more useful for which of the following disorders?

A) Schizophreniform
B) Schizoaffective
C) Depression
D) Bipolar

Question 43

Where are Phytomedicines a regular part of modern mainstream medicine?

A) Canada
B) Asia
C) Africa
D) Russia

Question 44

In which of the following biological treatments is an electrical current passed through the brain?

A) Lobotomy
B) ECT
C) Psychosurgery
D) rTMS

Question 45

Which of the following is true of barbiturates?

A) They depress the CNS and inhibit the reuptake of specific neurotransmitters
B) They suppress the CNS and decrease the activity of certain neurons
C) They depress the PNS and inhibit the degradation of specific neurotransmitters
D) They suppress the PNS and increase the activity of certain neurons

Question 46

St. John's wort was originally thought to be useful in treating which psychological disorder?

A) Anxiety
B) Obsessive-compulsive
C) Depression
D) Panic

Question 47

Approximately what percentage of people who take benzodiazepines for six weeks or longer suffer withdrawal symptoms?

A) 10 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 64 percent
D) 80 percent

Question 48

Electroconvulsive therapy was originally designed to treat which mental disorder?

A) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) Panic disorder with agoraphobia
C) Depression
D) Schizophrenia

Question 49

Many of the herbal products sold in Canada are produced in which of the following forms?

A) Foods
B) Prescribed medications
C) Liquid drinks
D) Chewable capsules

Question 50

What did American researchers conclude about St. John's wort?

A) St. John's wort was as effective as the synthetic medications on the market
B) St. John's wort served no useful purpose as a biological treatment for psychological disorders
C) St. John's wort produced more serious side effects than the SSRIs
D) St. John's wort was no more effective than placebo or SSRIs

Question 51

Approximately what percentage of Canadian adults report using herbal products regularly?

A) 15 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 37 percent
D) 71 percent

Question 52

Harry experiences agitation, excited moods, and grandiose ideas. He said that his grandpa would say he had "brain gout". Harry has difficulty concentrating and rarely finishes projects that he starts. Harry would most likely benefit from which group of drugs?

A) Antipsychotic
B) Antimanic
C) Antianxiety
D) Antidepressant

Question 53

All of the following have been used as treatments for mania, except:

A) Anticonvulsants
B) Calcium channel blockers
C) Lithium
D) Benzodiazepines

Question 54

For which symptoms are herbal products most commonly used?

A) Anxiety and depression
B) Depression and memory loss
C) Memory loss and fatigue
D) Fatigue and anxiety

Question 55

In 2002 following the reports of four suspected cases of liver toxicity, Health Canada issued a stop-sale order for all products containing which herbal substance?

A) Kava
B) St. John's wort
C) Chamomile
D) Valerian

Question 56

April noticed that she has become more anxious than usual. She is very biased against synthetic drugs and refuses her doctor's offer of an anti-anxiety medication. One study she read concluded that a particular herbal product was safe for short-term relief from stress and anxiety, and most people who take the herb reported little or no side effects. April is most likely referring to which herb?

A) Valerian
B) Rauwolfia serpentina
C) Kava
D) Ginkgo biloba

Question 57

Why are herbal treatments likely becoming more popular?

A) Research on herbal medicines is more cost effective than mainstream medications
B) The adverse side effects seem to be equal to the traditional medications used for psychological disorders
C) Public demands for a more natural way of addressing mental disorders is becoming more prevalent
D) The botanicals are patentable and not as chemically complex as mainstream medicines

Question 58

Which of the following is not classified as a benzodiazepine?

A) Librium
B) Valium
C) Remeron
D) Serax

Question 59

Studies of valerian and kava found these herbal medicines to be useful in the treatment of which problem?

A) Suicidal ideation
B) Depression
C) Mania
D) Anxiety

Question 60

Which of the following was the first group of anti-anxiety drugs?

A) Barbiturates
B) Phenothiazines
C) Benzodiazepines
D) Promethazine

Question 61

Which psychological disorder do psychiatrists hope to treat with rTMS?

A) Impulse control disorders
B) Substance use disorders
C) Depression
D) Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 62

Which of the following therapies focuses on uncovering and resolving unconscious conflicts that are thought to drive psychological symptoms?

A) Humanistic
B) Psychodynamic
C) Existential
D) Cognitive

Question 63

Which of the following best describes rTMS?

A) It is a biological treatment that passes electrical currents up to 150 volts into the brain, resulting in minor convulsions
B) It is a biological treatment that requires the removal of the entire left or right hemisphere of the brain
C) It is a biological treatment that sends magnetic impulses to a particular brain structure that reveals low levels of metabolic activity in the brain
D) It is a biological treatment that requires the removal of part of the frontal lobe

Question 64

Which of the following is false concerning prefrontal lobotomies?

A) The procedure is relatively harmless and causes the least detrimental side effects of any of the biological treatments
B) The treatment can produce permanent damage that includes poor impulse control, inability to initiate activities, or possible death
C) Some have viewed the procedure as a cruel and ineffective treatment for mental disorders
D) Researchers have not identified specific areas of the brain that are associated with mental disorders

Question 65

During Dora's visit to the psychologist, she is encouraged to talk freely about any subject without interruptions. What type of therapeutic approach is the psychologist most likely using?

A) Behavioural
B) Humanistic
C) Psychodynamic
D) Existential

Question 66

Which of the following is a Freudian therapeutic technique?

A) Withdrawal
B) Free association
C) Reinforcement
D) Catharsis

Question 67

Who is credited with the prefrontal lobotomy procedure?

A) John Cade
B) Antonio de Egas Moniz
C) St. John
D) Rolan Kuhn

Question 68

When a client is unwilling or cannot reveal certain material to the clinician, what is this problem referred to as?

A) Transference
B) Countertransference
C) Resistance
D) Defense mechanism

Question 69

Which of the following terms refers to the clients' reactions to the therapist as if he/she were an important person in the client's early development?

A) Modeling
B) Shaping
C) Transference
D) Projection

Question 70

Lucy rejects her therapist's interpretation of her communication. Her reasoning is that the therapist really has no idea what she is going through. According to Lucy, her therapist has only book knowledge and no idea what goes on in the real world. Lucy's behaviour is most likely an example of which of the following?

A) Resistance
B) Transference
C) Repression
D) Suppression

Question 71

What is a prefrontal lobotomy?

A) A biological treatment that passes electrical currents up to 150 volts into the prefrontal cortex, resulting in minor convulsions
B) A biological treatment that requires the removal of the entire left or right hemisphere of the brain
C) A biological treatment that sends magnetic impulses to a particular brain structure that reveals low levels of metabolic activity in the brain
D) A biological treatment that requires the removal of part of the frontal lobe

Question 72

Psychodynamic therapies help clients in which of the following ways?

A) They help clients develop social skills by interacting with the therapist
B) They help clients integrate aspects of their personality that have been split off
C) They help clients choose an appropriate biological treatment
D) They help clients with life choices such as whom to marry, which school to attend, or when to divorce their partners

Question 73

Opponents of ECT argue that it can result in long-term impairment, particularly:

A) Cognitive damage
B) Psychosocial deficits
C) Sensorimotor damage
D) Disruptive behaviours

Question 74

Which of the following is the newest biological treatment for mental disorders?

A) rTMS
B) MRI
C) ECT
D) PET

Question 75

What term is used to describe a client's refusal to cooperate or rejection of a therapist's interpretation during a therapeutic session?

A) Introjection
B) Countertransference
C) Resistance
D) Denial

Question 76

When treating a patient with ECT, approximately how many sessions are necessary?

A) 4 to 6 sessions
B) 5 to 7 sessions
C) 6 to 8 sessions
D) 6 to 12 sessions

Question 77

Denise has been suffering from major depression for several years. She has tried several antidepressants and herbal products with no relief from her symptoms. Desperate to be relieved of her symptoms, Denise will allow the psychiatrist to pass an electrical current through her brain. What is this type of treatment for depression called?

A) Lobotomy
B) ECT
C) Psychosurgery
D) rTMS

Question 78

Which of the following is a goal of psychodynamic therapies?

A) Challenge maladaptive ways of thinking and interpreting events
B) Modify behaviour by incorporating an ABAB (reversal) design
C) Help the individual become self-actualized
D) Identify the maladaptive ways of coping and the sources of the unconscious conflict

Question 79

During Sarah's visit to the psychologist, the therapist allows her to talk freely about any subject without interruptions. What is this technique called?

A) Resistance
B) Free association
C) Denial
D) Transference

Question 80

James was in a serious accident which resulted in a major concussion. The change in his personality and the onset of depressed mood suggested that frontal lobe damage had occurred. Prior to the 1950s which type of biological treatment might James have received?

A) ECT
B) Psychosurgery
C) Appendectomy
D) rTMS